tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-33775343317781410292024-03-14T06:41:15.678-04:00Postcards From Planet EarthWhat pieces of our planet best represent the Earth?Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17018373259426682282noreply@blogger.comBlogger21125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3377534331778141029.post-5383894003785646462016-08-31T04:48:00.001-04:002016-08-31T04:48:20.141-04:00Postcard from the Moon<div style="text-align: justify;">
One morning, not many weeks ago, a postcard floated gently through my letter box, onto my doormat, and brought a smile to my face. For we all know that I love me a <a href="http://intrepidpostcards.blogspot.co.uk/p/the-journey.html" target="_blank">postcard</a>. This specimen—sent by two friends/colleagues (the indomitable duo <a href="https://meas.sciences.ncsu.edu/people/pkbyrne/" target="_blank">Paul Byrne</a> and <a href="http://geology.uga.edu/directory/christian-klimczak" target="_blank">Christian Klimczak</a>)—was especially exciting, however, because it could <i>almost</i> have come from the Moon. And we all know that I love me some <a href="http://intrepidpostcards.blogspot.co.uk/2014/03/moontalkers.html" target="_blank">Moon</a>.</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">My very own postcard from the Moon, or at least from the Craters of the Moon National Monument, Idaho. "Violent eruptions in the recent past have created an unearthly landscape where visitors can walk to the top of the cinder cone, hike over lava flows, or drop beneath the surface into the large caves known as lava tubes."<br />Original image credit: Dave Clark Photography</td></tr>
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And at first glance (if you ignore the clouds in the very Earthly blue sky), the landscape does look vaguely lunar. We can compare and contrast: </div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3z_Q-NYpVBzCOZHCgQsmpyP3mkXKOVA2WEB3rytIooUWrc4Gb7lNiLkHEDMDB_iG_qVFMeikVc22JNcX1yWYXg5UCm_paHvH4HPi2HCK1Ul1cbQGmEzc5_KQeaIC_Tu6Ns9TDKeh9sSsc/s1600/NASA+-+Apollo+17+-+Lunar+landscape+%252819721207-19+as17-145-22183%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3z_Q-NYpVBzCOZHCgQsmpyP3mkXKOVA2WEB3rytIooUWrc4Gb7lNiLkHEDMDB_iG_qVFMeikVc22JNcX1yWYXg5UCm_paHvH4HPi2HCK1Ul1cbQGmEzc5_KQeaIC_Tu6Ns9TDKeh9sSsc/s400/NASA+-+Apollo+17+-+Lunar+landscape+%252819721207-19+as17-145-22183%2529.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Lunar landscape, captured during the Apollo 17 mission. Credit: NASA</td></tr>
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But, alas, my postcard does actually have a terrestrial origin. Rather than bearing a lunar postmark, it was sent from the Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve in Idaho, where my friends were carrying out fieldwork. The protected region is volcanic in nature and a presents a well-preserved example of flood basalts (another example of flood basalts—the extensive Siberian Traps—featured in one of my early <a href="http://intrepidpostcards.blogspot.co.uk/2014/01/the-earth-giveth-and-earth-taketh-away.html" target="_blank">postcards</a>). The site encompasses three major lava fields (about 1000 km<sup>2</sup> in area) that include a huge variety of basalts (in terms of composition) and excellent examples of many different volcanic features (such as lava tubes and scoria cones). </div>
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When I asked Paul why he and Christian chose this site for their fieldwork, he replied that it includes "some neat interactions between volcanic and tectonic structures (e.g., scoria cones riven by fissures, fractures, and a rift zone). Mainly we went to see what these features look like and how they might compare with similar landforms on Mars." In particular, he noted that they found "a bunch of pit craters" that look very similar to those we see on Mars. As planetary geologists, Paul and Christian are thus interested in studying the terrestrial Craters of the Moon region as a <i>planetary analogue</i>, i.e., to gain better insight into the similar-looking features on Mars and elsewhere.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3iFt6mn38ef0IBwKpH8ym1JpxLfGwKAfYDKmxnkhxpGe76gLG46uftQYT_rVdbuUxnmwyJhVayio4SkcJAwq6ZY0OdKnE4p7nUh4ygxEh2p69PRJ9Z6rZnsHb778wUhcmsdkgkzEIyrW7/s1600/pitcraterMars.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="292" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3iFt6mn38ef0IBwKpH8ym1JpxLfGwKAfYDKmxnkhxpGe76gLG46uftQYT_rVdbuUxnmwyJhVayio4SkcJAwq6ZY0OdKnE4p7nUh4ygxEh2p69PRJ9Z6rZnsHb778wUhcmsdkgkzEIyrW7/s400/pitcraterMars.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">A pit crater (about 130 m in diameter) on Mars. This example lies on the flanks of the volcano Elysium Mons. The dark pit crater is clearly different from the many surrounding small impact craters that are covered by dust and sediment. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Univ. of Arizona</td></tr>
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A pit crater, like a sinkhole, is a depression that forms via the collapse of a surface overlying an empty chamber. Unlike impact craters that have raised rims and sloped walls, pit craters have steep/almost vertical walls. In planetary imagery they thus appear as dark, approximately circular, shadowed holes, and their floors can only be seen when the Sun is at a high angle of illumination. One way that a pit crater may form—especially in volcanic environments—is through the collapse of a lava tube (which is essentially a tunnel formed by lava flowing underground). This process may begin with the buckling of the tube's roof at a location where the roof is thinnest. These craters are often known as 'skylights' because light can flood through them into the darkness of the connected cave.</div>
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In 2007, such skylights were discovered on Mars. <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2007GL030709/full" target="_blank">Scientists</a> looking at the pictures form NASA's Mars Odyssey and Mars Global Surveyor satellites were puzzled by the very dark, circular features. By combining the images with thermal information from Mars Odyssey's infrared camera, however, they concluded these pits were indeed windows into underground caves. Soon after, in 2009, the first lunar skylight <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2009GL040635/abstract" target="_blank">discovery</a> was made by a team working on high-resolution images returned from the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency's SELENE satellite. </div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgi4Acz_ZepZGBWmXw1NenXkApWv19K6dB3SbgFYbvHtAGrBqI8sJ147667JJLFD5HMmQ7vnwhNsCER4-N0ibc-fZRAgp6gPa1dJ4hs8xo_iraKBfj6NKSVU-rNPm5Yaw7WTimStyhNSb4O/s1600/lunarpit.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="357" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgi4Acz_ZepZGBWmXw1NenXkApWv19K6dB3SbgFYbvHtAGrBqI8sJ147667JJLFD5HMmQ7vnwhNsCER4-N0ibc-fZRAgp6gPa1dJ4hs8xo_iraKBfj6NKSVU-rNPm5Yaw7WTimStyhNSb4O/s400/lunarpit.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">High-resolution image from NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera showing a 'skylight' in the Moon's Mare Ingenii region. This pit has a diameter of about 130 m.<br />Credit: NASA/Goddard/Arizona State University </td></tr>
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These skylight discoveries have got many in the planetary science community quite excited. It is thought that the subsurface structures they provide a window into, could provide a potentially habitable environment. On Mars, organisms could have perhaps flourished under the protection of the ancient lava tubes (i.e., acting as a shield against harmful ultraviolet radiation). Moreover, if the lava tubes are structurally stable at a large enough size, they could be suitable as shelters for human explorers. Indeed, the maximum potential diameter of lunar lava tubes has been estimated by yet another friend/colleague of mine. While a PhD student at Purdue University, David Blair led a <a href="http://www.purdue.edu/newsroom/releases/2015/Q1/theoretical-study-suggests-huge-lava-tubes-could-exist-on-moon.html" target="_blank">study </a>in which he calculated the stresses and strains that would be present around lunar lava tubes. Given the size of the lava tubes inferred from NASA's <a href="http://moon.mit.edu/index.html" target="_blank">GRAIL</a> gravity data (i.e., with diameters of more than 1 km), the team estimated that the structures could remain stable even at widths of more than 1.6 km.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeq7wZlg0RQwgcTIjnHJi-aQ9OmBaVHzC-hkjZ2TTSCnZsbcjtjpOBfv9HzoqbqL0IgHvtmLH-MaCQtW-wCEwDxLqsPJl-TAviShINnrzdVFC-IJKS4ZEqP5Wzk8-r5NdT3hg1AhNFC72l/s1600/Indiantunnel_lavatube.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="221" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeq7wZlg0RQwgcTIjnHJi-aQ9OmBaVHzC-hkjZ2TTSCnZsbcjtjpOBfv9HzoqbqL0IgHvtmLH-MaCQtW-wCEwDxLqsPJl-TAviShINnrzdVFC-IJKS4ZEqP5Wzk8-r5NdT3hg1AhNFC72l/s400/Indiantunnel_lavatube.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Indian Tunnel lava tube in Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve. This tube is about 9 m high, 15 m wide, and 245 m long. Lava tubes on the Moon are thought to be substantially larger because of the reduced gravity. Credit: Kurt Allen Fisher/Universities Space Research Association.</td></tr>
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If Dave and his team are right, these lava tunnels may one day present a useful extraterrestrial habitat for humans—big enough to house sizable settlements. When living here on Earth is no longer feasible, perhaps we will decamp as a race to the lunar lava tubes where we will shelter from the bombardment of radiation and escape temperature extremes. I think we can therefore justify sending a piece of (basaltic) rock from the Craters of the Moon for this <a href="http://intrepidpostcards.blogspot.co.uk/p/the-journey.html" target="_blank">Postcard From Planet Earth</a>. As a terrestrial analogue for these potentially habitable extraterrestrial settings, it can be our message to the alien planetary geologists when they arrive for their inevitable visit: 'if we're not in, try elsewhere'.</div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17018373259426682282noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3377534331778141029.post-8407026216506409282016-05-15T11:23:00.000-04:002016-05-15T11:24:17.986-04:00We are what we breathe<div style="text-align: justify;">
Oxygen: where would we be without it? </div>
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The air we breathe today—inhaled from the Earth's lower atmosphere—is composed predominantly (about 78%) of nitrogen and a nice, agreeable amount (about 21%) of oxygen. Small amounts of argon, carbon dioxide, and other gases make up the rest. But this plentiful supply of oxygen— sufficient to sustain humans and the other oxygen-breathing species with which we share the <i>biosphere</i>—has not always enveloped the planet. Indeed, Earth's atmosphere has been evolving since it first formed early in the planet's history (more than 4 billion years ago). Scientists believe that Earth's earliest atmosphere was created from the <i>outgassing</i> associated with the volcanic activity that was prevalent during the planet's early differentiation (cooling of the molten Earth that formed the core, mantle, and crust). This earliest iteration of the atmosphere likely contained abundant carbon dioxide and water vapor (common volcanic gases), as well as other relatively heavy molecules (e.g., nitrogen and sulfur gases). Additional, lighter gases such as hydrogen would have escaped the Earth's gravitational field and escaped to space.</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Artist's impression of the Earth's early atmosphere and oceans. Outgassing volcanoes released a mixture of gases (mostly carbon dioxide and water vapor) from the planet's interior to the atmosphere. As the surface of the Earth slowly cooled, water vapor condensed to form some part of the oceans. Credit: Lunar and Planetary Institute</td></tr>
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During this period it is thought that the atmosphere contained less than 0.001% of the amount of oxygen that we find in our air today. Any 'free' molecules of this rare oxygen would have been chemically captured by dissolved iron or organic matter. Meanwhile, the oldest known fossils show that life has existed on Earth for at least 3.5 billion years (and possibly longer). These earliest preserved lifeforms are <i>cyanobacteria</i> fossilized within <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archean" target="_blank">Archean</a>-aged rocks from western Australia.</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Two forms of fossilized cyanobacteria from the Bitter Springs chert (Australia). <br />
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Cyanobacteria, which still exist today, are peculiar because they obtain their energy from <i>photosynthesis</i>. This process—more commonly known as the way plants use sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into chemical energy—meant that the cyanobacteria could thrive in Earth's early anoxic environment. Importantly, the photosynthesis of the ancient cyanobacteria also produced oxygen as a by-product. With the rise of the cyanobacteria, therefore, the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere steadily began to rise. For the first time, the previous 'oxygen sinks' (i.e., organic matter and iron) became saturated. In other words, the overall rate of oxygen production surpassed the rate of its removal by iron oxide sedimentation (a result of both increased bacterial colonization and of decreased volcanic activity) and the oxygen could accumulate in the atmosphere. By about 2.4 billion years ago, the <i>Great Oxidation Event</i> had occurred and the geologic record indicates that the concentration of atmospheric oxygen had significantly increased. </div>
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Although there are various strands of evidence for the Archean's low atmospheric oxygen levels (e.g., the lack of oxidized iron in fossilized soils and large volumes of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banded_iron_formation" target="_blank">banded iron formations</a> in Archean sedimentary rocks), the geologic information all relates to the <i>lower</i> atmosphere in particular. Until now, there has been no way to examine the makeup of Earth's <i>upper</i> atmosphere during the Archean. A new <a href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v533/n7602/full/nature17678.html" target="_blank">paper</a> published last week in <i>Nature</i>, however, has provided a new twist to the story of our atmosphere's evolution.</div>
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In this new study, led by Andrew Tomkins from Monash University in Australia, 60 'fossil' <i>micrometeorites</i> were extracted from layers of limestone in the 2.7-billion-year-old Tumbiana Formation (in the Pilbara region, northwest Australia). Micrometeorites are extraterrestrial dust particles (up to about 2 mm in size) that survive entry through the atmosphere and are collected on the Earth's surface. As these particles fall through atmosphere, they experience maximum temperatures at altitudes between about 75 and 90 km (i.e., within the upper layers of the modern atmosphere). The small size of the micrometeorites means that many will completely melt during this passage and then rapidly re-crystallize. This 'quench-crystallization' occurs over a timespan of just a couple of seconds and the micrometeorites therefore chemically interact only with the upper layers of the atmosphere. Tomkins and his colleagues have thus used this understanding of modern micrometeorite behavior and applied it to their fossil samples so that they can probe the Earth's ancient upper atmosphere. </div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Scanning electron microscope images of a selection of the fossil micrometeorites extracted from the Tumbiana limestone formation. Credit: Tomkins et al., 2016, <i>Nature</i></td></tr>
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Upon examination of the 60 sampled micrometeorites, it was found that they had diameters of between 8.6 and 50 micrometers and 'cosmic spherule' morphologies. The rounded form of the particles indicates that they all had fully melted during their journey through the atmosphere. In addition, all but one of the samples had compositions that were almost entirely iron-nickel metal (with no silicate minerals). Analyses for the interiors of 11 of the spheres were also conducted as part of the study and they revealed compositions dominated by the iron oxides magnetite (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) and wüstite (FeO), as well as minor amounts of iron-nickel metal. These results thus demonstrate that most of the micrometeorites' original iron-nickel material had been oxidized during their encounters with the Archean upper atmosphere.</div>
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Given the long-held view that the Archean atmosphere had a very low oxygen content, these new results are quite a surprise. The highly oxidized nature of the micrometeorites suggests that there must have been abundant oxygen at altitudes above 75 km, at the time the micrometeorites fell to Earth. Tomkins et al., therefore propose a model for the Archean atmosphere in which an oxgyen-rich upper layer—with a similar oxygen concentration to today's—experienced minimal levels of mixing with an oxygen-poor lower atmospheric layer.</div>
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So for this <a href="http://intrepidpostcards.blogspot.co.uk/p/the-journey.html" target="_blank">postcard</a>, I propose we send a piece of the Tumbiana Formation—along with its hidden treasure of micrometeorites—into space, as a representative of our special Earth and the life that it contains. Not only do the microscopic spherules tell an important story about the history of our life-sustaining atmosphere, but the limestone formation itself may be uniquely capable of telling this tale. The mineral wüstite is rarely found on Earth's surface, and is crucial to interpreting the extraterrestrial origin of the micrometeorites. Luckily, these microscopic particles were laid down in a rock formation that was once a system of highly alkaline lakes. In such pH conditions, wüstite has a low solubility and was thus able to survive in these micrometeorites for 2.7 billion years. Unfortunately, such conditions are rarely found within the geologic record and this set of micrometeorites from the Pilbara region may indeed be unique. Surely, therefore, they deserve the adventure of our interplanetary mission.</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17018373259426682282noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3377534331778141029.post-50923880849636724352015-10-28T10:04:00.001-04:002015-10-29T07:42:50.904-04:00Simon says "send a smoke signal"<div style="text-align: justify;">
I am currently in the midst of some rather hectic few weeks. I seem to be flying back and forth across the Atlantic slightly more than usual. But a couple of sandwiched weeks in London thankfully coincided with my favourite author's time in the UK for the promotion of his new book. Indeed, hearing <a href="http://www.simonwinchester.com/" target="_blank">Simon Winchester</a> speak, or reading his work, is one of (my) life's great pleasures. Every word he writes or utters seems to simultaneously educate and entertain. He truly is one of our world's great polymaths.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbY8nfNX4RrYJr71bq7wsu3khwSBlONJpz-gXiHyFdtsYScJpIVr5IHUdK8rI-XTvw2Pc5tZ3R22AZeGQgKtigHZ4rEwgek7k_y9FaH3W3xgbP8jEtxZO1Vf3HpbHRMd19njtIFtkTCCTi/s1600/Winchester_Daunt.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbY8nfNX4RrYJr71bq7wsu3khwSBlONJpz-gXiHyFdtsYScJpIVr5IHUdK8rI-XTvw2Pc5tZ3R22AZeGQgKtigHZ4rEwgek7k_y9FaH3W3xgbP8jEtxZO1Vf3HpbHRMd19njtIFtkTCCTi/s400/Winchester_Daunt.jpg" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Simon Winchester talking about his new book, <i>Pacific: The Ocean of the Future,</i> at Daunt Books in London, October 2015.</td></tr>
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His latest book—<i><a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/Pacific-Ocean-Future-Simon-Winchester/dp/0007550758/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1445198665&sr=8-1&keywords=pacific+simon+winchester" target="_blank">Pacific: The Ocean of the Future</a></i>—is the last installment of a trilogy that also includes <i><a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/0007341393/ref=asap_bc?ie=UTF8" target="_blank">Atlantic: A Vast Ocean of a Million Stories</a></i> and <i><a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/Men-Who-United-States/dp/0007532407/ref=asap_bc?ie=UTF8" target="_blank">The Men who United the States</a></i>. In this new offering he writes a recent biography of the Pacific, based around several major events that have shaped the largest of our oceans. He has made a conscious decision to eschew the ancient history of the Pacific, and instead focus on stories that have occurred since 1st January 1950. This date defines the present in the 'before present' (BP) timescale, which is mainly used in geology and other scientific disciplines to quantify when past events took place. Of course, it was in the 1950s that nuclear weapons testing first altered the proportion of carbon isotopes in the Earth's atmosphere and thus changed the way radiocarbon dating is conducted (read a previous <a href="http://intrepidpostcards.blogspot.co.uk/2015/01/a-peace-of-earth-offering.html" target="_blank">postcard</a> to learn about one proposed start of the <i>Anthropocene</i> at about this same time, i.e., when nuclear radionuclides became detectable around the globe).</div>
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Given that Simon was talking about one of the Earth's greatest natural features—covering about one third of our planet's surface area—I could not let the chance slip by to ask him a question. <i><a href="http://intrepidpostcards.blogspot.co.uk/p/the-journey.html" target="_blank">My question</a>.</i> So at the end of his talk, I sought his opinion about what piece of Earth—specifically from within the Pacific Ocean—he would send into space to represent our planet to hypothetical alien planetary geologists. Obviously, I was looking for inspiration for a new postcard, but I was also genuinely interested as to what he (as a fellow Oxford geology graduate, no less!) would choose. And despite me putting him absolutely on the spot, I do believe he came up trumps with his answer (as I had no doubt he would): "Black smokers".<br />
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He thought that black smokers—rather mysterious landforms (and the exotic ecosystems they harbour) deep within the Pacific Ocean—would be a wonderful geological emissary for the hypothetical cosmic journey. I'm not sure I could have come up with a better answer.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgI2aNmtnBm-mRD76LqtzLKkDLdQl4oHLawPnSZiNAKL3R6QUO3Z2GvgZLF41ge49NkIVFvB_fnLZtuY23A2n7Ma_9zBQVuopSjDChinrQTmaeRkFIlywQDmOAu_v-7aSRW-Wn5DMVzNouM/s1600/oc12-black-smoker-noaa.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgI2aNmtnBm-mRD76LqtzLKkDLdQl4oHLawPnSZiNAKL3R6QUO3Z2GvgZLF41ge49NkIVFvB_fnLZtuY23A2n7Ma_9zBQVuopSjDChinrQTmaeRkFIlywQDmOAu_v-7aSRW-Wn5DMVzNouM/s400/oc12-black-smoker-noaa.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Sully 'black smoker' hydrothermal vent, part of the Main Endeavour Vent Field in the northeast Pacific Ocean. Credit: NOAA</td></tr>
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These black smokers, to which Simon referred, are a specific example of underwater hydrothermal vents. Such vents are fissures in the Earth's surface from where geothermally heated water can escape. On land, hydrothermal vents give rise to features such as hot springs, fumaroles, and geysers. But in the sea, they can form black smokers. Until 1977, however, these sea vents were unknown. They were first discovered on the East Pacific Rise (a mid-oceanic ridge tectonic plate boundary) by scientists from Scripps Institution of Oceanography, who were using a deep submergence vehicle. Since then hydrothermal vents—and the associated smokers—have been found at almost all active spreading ridges (i.e., tectonic boundaries where plates move apart). Over 500 active submarine vent fields are now known.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqgUXJymDu_IQhmSkmQxTUquJdvkykgM4HW3eRCRDhJyglRqkF_3bqn401Mi2ebkhzTWviuDKdeAFImevcaUOYQZve9Az5wgMQekwvTxNqqts9AmxJCilZuehyphenhyphenhStWPp0PBgBLI1I80RDO/s1600/ventmap_2011_no_EEZs_800.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="186" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqgUXJymDu_IQhmSkmQxTUquJdvkykgM4HW3eRCRDhJyglRqkF_3bqn401Mi2ebkhzTWviuDKdeAFImevcaUOYQZve9Az5wgMQekwvTxNqqts9AmxJCilZuehyphenhyphenhStWPp0PBgBLI1I80RDO/s400/ventmap_2011_no_EEZs_800.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Map of known active submarine hydrothermal vent fields. Credit: InterRidge Vents Database</td></tr>
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The characteristic black 'smoke' that emanates from these vents is actually hot (about 350<span style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;">°</span>C) liquid containing a thick suspension of dark, fine-grained particles. These metal-rich fluids are a product of reactions that take place between seawater and hot basalt, the latter of which is created at the spreading ridges. When the super-heated, metal-laden waters escape from the vents they mix with the frigid waters of the deep ocean. This abrupt mixing causes rapid precipitation of the metals and gases that were suspended in the water. Large amounts of various sulphide minerals (such as pyrite, chalcopyrite, and sphalerite), as well as silica and anhydrite (a calcium sulphate mineral) precipitate and form the chimney-like structures of the smokers themselves.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhp1P_-wmCO3nMUQsmgW7SwRsd3vH-AMoDm9aQmo-00rikZot3lQDf27eGG9XdCaRDdUDFYdje71MMomBGucJT9mgQhRoAAPZHc-MPGpHOxSCctS0RbNKhvtEfiRbq3ZnHmG1q5qQ_7rofh/s1600/chimney_zoning_600.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhp1P_-wmCO3nMUQsmgW7SwRsd3vH-AMoDm9aQmo-00rikZot3lQDf27eGG9XdCaRDdUDFYdje71MMomBGucJT9mgQhRoAAPZHc-MPGpHOxSCctS0RbNKhvtEfiRbq3ZnHmG1q5qQ_7rofh/s400/chimney_zoning_600.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Cross-section through a black smoker 'chimney'. The concentric rings represent zones of different precipitated minerals. Credit: Rachel Haymon</td></tr>
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But in addition to the pure geological excitement of these seafloor regions, the black smoker environments represent nutrient-rich oases in the deep ocean. As such, the areas surrounding submarine hydrothermal vents are much more biologically active than most of the dark, abyssal sea. They play host to complex ecosystems full of foreign species.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwJ3yT77UqbXQ3SLsXHRsBPs5ZD66Ndj0GDkXDo5XqLRJEvCi0_vgbWh5OpmWj-zZsfRMFnkrs-VI-T5PWiiXQDCxRxMrI1sZ1ltOiIqm-RovDAQM0b2jeMUKIu_gBMjtLZvDN5AH0ZMaI/s1600/tubeworms.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="272" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwJ3yT77UqbXQ3SLsXHRsBPs5ZD66Ndj0GDkXDo5XqLRJEvCi0_vgbWh5OpmWj-zZsfRMFnkrs-VI-T5PWiiXQDCxRxMrI1sZ1ltOiIqm-RovDAQM0b2jeMUKIu_gBMjtLZvDN5AH0ZMaI/s400/tubeworms.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">A well-developed hydrothermal vent ecosystem in the Pacific Ocean, which includes tube worms (red) and mussels (yellow shellfish). Tube worms such as these can grow to be up to<br />
2 metres in length. They no mouth or stomach, but billions of symbiotic bacteria living inside the tube worms produce sugars from carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulphide, and oxygen.<br />
Credit: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.</td></tr>
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Because no light reaches the depths of the ocean floor (hydrothermal vents in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans exist at an average depth of 2100 metres), these species are not based around photosynthesis. Instead, these ecosystems are <i>chemosynthetic</i>. The alien-like species, which include varieties of clams, limpets, shrimp, and giant tube worms (specifically mentioned by Simon in his reply to my question), mostly exist by consuming the sulphide minerals that are available.<br />
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So as well as representing an exotic part of the Earth's deep sea environment, the black smokers illustrate the true variety and abundance of life that exists on Earth. To an alien planetary geologist, observing from afar, our surface biological communities are likely to be the most obvious. But without digging deeper, into our giant ocean domains, Earth's amazing diversity cannot totally be revealed. Wherever we look, our world literally teems with life.</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17018373259426682282noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3377534331778141029.post-24844652390449947852015-08-31T16:47:00.000-04:002015-08-31T17:48:51.175-04:00With a leaden heart: Oliver Sacks<div style="text-align: justify;">
As countless tributes and obituaries for neurologist Oliver Sacks appear in the wake of his death, I find myself among the many fans saddened by our loss and the void that now exists in his place. As he himself recently wrote:</div>
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<i>"When people die, they cannot be replaced... they leave holes that cannot be filled."</i></div>
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His <i><a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/Musicophilia-Tales-Music-Oliver-Sacks/dp/0330523597" target="_blank">Musicophilia</a></i>, I think, will always remain one of my most favourite books. Indeed, his writings of human disfunctions were as much about the humans as they were about the disfunctions. And I am sure that is the reason of his extensive and mainstream popularity. In each of his patients he saw a whole person, and he possessed a wonderful—perhaps unique—ability to convey that insight to his readers. When I read his books, I find myself harbouring a rather mystifying wish to be ill myself. He makes neurological problems sound almost <i>appealing</i>.</div>
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Also well worth reading are his recent pieces published by the The New York Times. In one—<a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/26/opinion/my-periodic-table.html" target="_blank">My Periodic Table</a>—he describes his way of dealing with loss. Even as a child he would turn to the nonhuman, to the chemical elements and numbers that he saw as his friends. And as a geologist—a physical scientist—I can relate to this approach. He writes of his collection of the elements and relates them to his age. Sacks died yesterday at the age of 82. His so-called lead (element 82 in the periodic table) birthday was his last. And so my response to his passing is to turn to this chemical, to this physical element that "has no life, but also no death".</div>
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<tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXZ76Td-JeVwN5AsMdBD8wEb2zn6is-c4ZgO96-6nJqQj33z8NUP3-kRvHFAOodyhtehdmzUP09ocv2UaonnfUm3VhedbgEZUAGVAqDMkvtkwi2tOzlZImjbroi9hsRHRhYv233ovWAXYS/s1600/OliverSacks.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXZ76Td-JeVwN5AsMdBD8wEb2zn6is-c4ZgO96-6nJqQj33z8NUP3-kRvHFAOodyhtehdmzUP09ocv2UaonnfUm3VhedbgEZUAGVAqDMkvtkwi2tOzlZImjbroi9hsRHRhYv233ovWAXYS/s400/OliverSacks.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8000001907349px;">The late Oliver Sacks. Credit: Adam Scourfield / AP</td></tr>
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It is difficult, however, to pick a single element in this way<span style="text-align: justify;">—</span>which is not unique in its occurrence to Earth<span style="text-align: justify;">—</span>as a <i><a href="http://intrepidpostcards.blogspot.co.uk/p/the-journey.html" target="_blank">Postcard from Planet Earth</a></i>. And although lead is abundant and common on Earth, its geological importance is not immediately obvious (i.e., it is not normally considered as a major rock-forming element). In fact, my trusty geological dictionary has just one entry for lead:</div>
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<i><b>Lead</b><span style="text-align: justify;"><b>–</b></span><b>lead dating:</b> A radiometric dating method based on the proportion of radiogenic <sup style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US">207</span></sup><span lang="EN-US" style="text-align: justify;">Pb and </span><sup style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US">206</span></sup><span lang="EN-US" style="text-align: justify;">Pb, the former of which accumulates six times more rapidly than the latter.</span></i></div>
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Lead actually features in additional radiometric dating systems (e.g., uranium–lead and thorium–lead), but I want to stick with this lead mother/daughter system in this postcard. The most important use of the Pb–Pb dating system is to determine the age of the Earth. As I have pointed out in a previous <a href="http://intrepidpostcards.blogspot.co.uk/2014_04_01_archive.html" target="_blank">postcard</a>, the age of the Earth—or indeed any planet—must be considered as one of its most fundamental properties.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgleZ8gLqF6N1VjsOVPBztxuWMJUyL8Su3GV_iH07vTwV3snNLliOIzSO4ggaCjeSiSygz-GWUJSh9lKEOj6LWQfebIfaBp0E6nckE5H7kmC5SQD7mkMll-hWn_dOMwdf-4h8NEpU6qnLve/s1600/galena.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="306" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgleZ8gLqF6N1VjsOVPBztxuWMJUyL8Su3GV_iH07vTwV3snNLliOIzSO4ggaCjeSiSygz-GWUJSh9lKEOj6LWQfebIfaBp0E6nckE5H7kmC5SQD7mkMll-hWn_dOMwdf-4h8NEpU6qnLve/s400/galena.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">A hand sample of galena, the most common lead-bearing mineral on Earth.<br />
Credit: Fabre Minerals</td></tr>
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As element 82, lead has 82 protons and 82 electrons, but its number of neutrons varies such that there are four naturally occurring stable <i>isotopes</i> of lead on Earth (i.e., <span style="text-align: center;"><sup style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US">204</span></sup><span lang="EN-US" style="text-align: justify;">Pb, </span></span><sup><span lang="EN-US">206</span></sup><span lang="EN-US">Pb, </span><sup><span lang="EN-US">207</span></sup><span lang="EN-US">Pb, </span><span lang="EN-US">and </span><sup><span lang="EN-US">208</span></sup><span lang="EN-US">Pb). Indeed, three of these isotopes (</span><sup><span lang="EN-US">206</span></sup><span lang="EN-US">Pb, </span><sup><span lang="EN-US">207</span></sup><span lang="EN-US">Pb, </span><span lang="EN-US">and </span><sup><span lang="EN-US">208</span></sup><span lang="EN-US">Pb</span>) are the 'daughter' products that result from the natural radioactive decay of particular uranium and thorium isotopes. As time goes on, the final decay products of these sequences (i.e., the lead isotopes) accumulate at a constant rate and the ratio of this radiogenic lead to non-radiogenic lead (i.e., <sup><span lang="EN-US">204</span></sup><span lang="EN-US">Pb) increases. As such, the age of a geological specimen can be determined if two factors are known: the initial radiogenic lead to non-radiogenic lead ratios, and the present-day ratios. Furthermore, if the sample has remained a closed system, a graph of </span><sup><span lang="EN-US">207</span></sup><span lang="EN-US">Pb/</span><sup><span lang="EN-US">204</span></sup><span lang="EN-US">Pb versus </span><sup><span lang="EN-US">206</span></sup><span lang="EN-US">Pb/</span><sup><span lang="EN-US">204</span></sup><span lang="EN-US">Pb should form a straight line.</span></div>
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Clair Cameron Pattern famously applied this Pb–Pb dating technique to various meteorites in 1956. He measured the lead ratios of stony and iron meteorites so that he could determine the age of the <i>planetesimals</i> from which they originated. The dense iron cores of planets are depleted in uranium and thorium (because they tend to stay with silicon rather than iron in rock-forming processes), whereas the more rocky parts of planets (i.e., crusts and mantles) have greater concentrations of these elements. The iron meteorites Patterson dated were pieces of planetesimal cores, and the stony meteorites derived from the outer layers of these bodies.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmCPbtthLr0ZkrtnaUam60mea2MVxg8M1Crjp_zRwXXL6tb4n3fnk3WUYg87bgrQKiVQbIWPqaITuxcraHJkKIZGQ90tLzE1lh6f36i-KWMXbUiYaRIWFNJ7Vd68oDuTh1cpHh0_57Wzs5/s1600/canyondiablo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="217" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmCPbtthLr0ZkrtnaUam60mea2MVxg8M1Crjp_zRwXXL6tb4n3fnk3WUYg87bgrQKiVQbIWPqaITuxcraHJkKIZGQ90tLzE1lh6f36i-KWMXbUiYaRIWFNJ7Vd68oDuTh1cpHh0_57Wzs5/s400/canyondiablo.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">A piece (few centimetres across) of the Canyon Diablo meteorite, samples of which Patterson used to determine the age of the Earth. Credit: Meteorites Australia</td></tr>
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The iron meteorite U/Pb measurements were so low that no radiogenic decay was detected. These isotopic values therefore represent the primeval lead isotope composition of the solar system. In contrast, the stony meteorites had very high <sup><span lang="EN-US">207</span></sup><span lang="EN-US">Pb/</span><sup><span lang="EN-US">204</span></sup><span lang="EN-US">Pb versus </span><sup><span lang="EN-US">206</span></sup><span lang="EN-US">Pb/</span><sup><span lang="EN-US">204</span></sup><span lang="EN-US">Pb ratios. Put together, all these results define an <i>isochron</i>, the slope of which gives an age of 4.55 billion years for the meteorites. Furthermore, Patterson measured the isotopic composition of <i>pelagic</i> sediments that had been collected from Earth's ocean floor. The lead isotope values of these terrestrial samples plotted on top of the meteorite isochron, which indicates that Earth and the meteorites have the same age.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXLxxvHdZH9hPF1Akhn6FbB_X7UoKP91z5015CpJmKV-vhlrUq4hfFjp9j3Gib_54UYFOgFmahhiOrBIE7hu0MSAAtr8ivdn8aDKHJy7y59gjmTqKGlUK6ZPr1h6aqTvgThYAYl4T1yivY/s1600/isochronfig.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="262" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXLxxvHdZH9hPF1Akhn6FbB_X7UoKP91z5015CpJmKV-vhlrUq4hfFjp9j3Gib_54UYFOgFmahhiOrBIE7hu0MSAAtr8ivdn8aDKHJy7y59gjmTqKGlUK6ZPr1h6aqTvgThYAYl4T1yivY/s400/isochronfig.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The lead-lead isochron obtained by Patterson (1956) to determine the age of the Earth.</td></tr>
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In addition to being widespread, lead is relatively easy to extract from its ores, highly malleable, and easy to smelt. As such, it has been used by humans through the millenia. Metallic lead beads dating to 6400 BCE have been discovered in Turkey. Lead was used, along with antimony and arsenic, in the early Bronze Age. And the Romans commonly used lead in their plumbing systems and building structures. Amongst its modern uses, lead is often found in battery electrodes. As well being an essential player in the determination of our Earth's age, it is clear that lead has been<span style="text-align: justify;">—</span>and continues to be<span style="text-align: justify;">—</span>a particularly versatile element for human activities. </div>
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Sacks wrote shortly before his death that he was sad he would not witness future breakthroughs in the physical and biological sciences. Whatever those breakthroughs turn out to be, however, I am certain that lead will play a role in at least a few of them. I would be happy, therefore, to send a piece of lead into space as a representative of Earth. For it exemplifies the human ability to utlilise and manipulate the natural resources we find around us. And although we, as a race, are poorer for no longer counting Sacks as one of our number, we are richer for the wisdom he left behind.</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17018373259426682282noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3377534331778141029.post-90704325887274265562015-07-31T11:00:00.002-04:002015-07-31T11:00:49.342-04:00A whole world's wake-up call<div style="text-align: justify;">
The past few weeks in the world of <i>space</i> have been pretty hectic. Most especially because of the fantastic new views of Pluto we've been receiving, courtesy of the <a href="http://pluto.jhuapl.edu/" target="_blank">New Horizons</a> flyby (which I wrote about in my last <a href="http://intrepidpostcards.blogspot.co.uk/2015/07/dark-new-horizons-shed-light-on-old.html" target="_blank">postcard</a>). We've also been hearing about the "frozen primordial soup" of organic compounds detected by the European Space Agency's Philae lander on comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, as detailed in a new special issue of <i><a href="http://www.sciencemag.org/content/349/6247/493.full" target="_blank">Science</a></i>. Some of these compounds may be important for the prebiotic synthesis of amino acids, sugars, and nucleobases, i.e., the very ingredients of life. </div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhL_X2juMCpIQuK5EzIlYWm1Nzjjd3FNO2dpNXlicronKXZjBcLc0mr7GBUtV0tNRp7xL-rgZqyGmVsbNAdwAlBqKJq7k0CFDGW0YujrM7AmYkZKRYdhVFSyHCAiOYfM2TzOzaDm1cs7EVb/s1600/Comet_from_9_m_node_full_image_2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhL_X2juMCpIQuK5EzIlYWm1Nzjjd3FNO2dpNXlicronKXZjBcLc0mr7GBUtV0tNRp7xL-rgZqyGmVsbNAdwAlBqKJq7k0CFDGW0YujrM7AmYkZKRYdhVFSyHCAiOYfM2TzOzaDm1cs7EVb/s400/Comet_from_9_m_node_full_image_2.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The surface of comet 67P/Churyumov<span style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">–</span></span><span style="font-size: 12.8000001907349px;">Gerasimenko, as imaged from 9 metres away. Credit: ESA</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
But there are two other recent news items I want to focus on in this postcard. First, the new photograph of the Earth captured by NASA's new <a href="http://www.nesdis.noaa.gov/DSCOVR/" target="_blank">Deep Space Climate Observatory</a> (DSCOVR) satellite. And second, the recent discovery of an <i>exoplanet</i> that is being billed as <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-33641648" target="_blank">Earth's 'twin'</a>.</div>
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On 6 July 2015, the Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) instrument on DSCOVR returned its first view of the entire sunlit Earth. Safe in its gravitationally stable location one million miles away—at a so-called <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrangian_point" target="_blank">Lagrange point</a>—the satellite was able to obtain this kind of full-Earth portrait for the first time since the famous 'Blue marble' photograph was snapped by the Apollo 17 astronauts whilst on their way to the Moon in 1972. I've mentioned that older, stunning photo in a previous <a href="http://intrepidpostcards.blogspot.co.uk/2014_03_01_archive.html" target="_blank">postcard</a>, but as the most reproduced image in history, I think that it is more than worth showing again.</div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWNegKJFNIlgeC525cITZE268-DxNuW7EBBOzE9i2ixG1CyS2jHXL_GUwmw_ffNBGEYAzajqQMW47gLKixzafh3niHI9mbRB4YZz7EKDDN4946uVeDfS4jI0egUMkJaMSCUPaK-s3mUF3C/s1600/bluemarble.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWNegKJFNIlgeC525cITZE268-DxNuW7EBBOzE9i2ixG1CyS2jHXL_GUwmw_ffNBGEYAzajqQMW47gLKixzafh3niHI9mbRB4YZz7EKDDN4946uVeDfS4jI0egUMkJaMSCUPaK-s3mUF3C/s400/bluemarble.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The famous and historic 'Blue marble', taken during the Apollo 17 mission in 1972. Credit: NASA</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
It might come as a surprise that it has taken more than 40 years to recapture Earth in a similar view. The pictures you've seen of Earth's full disc in the meantime have either been this Apollo 17 photograph, or composite images (i.e., several smaller images that have been stitched together). It is difficult to obtain these images because many variables come into play. The camera must be between the Earth and the Sun, and far enough away to capture the whole planet in its field of view. Although weather satellites—in geosynchronous orbits—get similar views, they cannot normally see an entire hemisphere without shadow.</div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4k9YuCu-yR9pg9Y1ob4LaRybmPwAL1TE3PN90EjylRC7BFT-JviyTdKr1SODiw0ESLFkoiALwQyAS2X3h4Z5OUu1ga3YFWE8K2nwfdeFOdiRKHbc3ec_TiubcJy6Ow23odiHbF1bMxDdh/s1600/new_bluemarble.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4k9YuCu-yR9pg9Y1ob4LaRybmPwAL1TE3PN90EjylRC7BFT-JviyTdKr1SODiw0ESLFkoiALwQyAS2X3h4Z5OUu1ga3YFWE8K2nwfdeFOdiRKHbc3ec_TiubcJy6Ow23odiHbF1bMxDdh/s400/new_bluemarble.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Earth, from one million miles, as seen by the Deep Space Climate Observatory on 6 July 2015. Credit: NASA</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The data from EPIC will primarily be used to measure changes to the ozone and aerosol levels in Earth's atmosphere, as well as cloud height, vegetation properties, and ultraviolet reflectivity characteristics. But these new, beautiful, images of a whole Earth remind us how powerful it is to see our entire home in one go. As pointed out by John Grunsfeld, associate administrator of NASA's Science Mission Directorate, "<i>these new views of Earth give us an important perspective of the true global nature of our spaceship Earth</i>."</div>
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Indeed, I'm reminded of an excellent book I read several years ago by Robert Poole. In <i><a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/Earthrise-How-Man-First-Earth/dp/0300164033/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1438349282&sr=8-1&keywords=earthrise+poole" target="_blank">Earthrise: How Man First Saw The Earth</a></i>, Poole tells the story of how images of Earth—such as the Blue marble and the equally famous Apollo 'Earthrise'—taken during the dawn of the space age, played a huge role in the birth of the now-popular environmental and conservation movements.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjleZasmqLRnj7Va8iNR3e-WoWtWF819r8uXXGX-DdM5ubiR_r7Wa746r5p043jW9mR_p-8qOr4vLMiW9zzuQAxSAhkhxFnA5lGklsh0CuiTP59FgQgbizK3AJ6xh4gNi8WQWZNcbo_xkOH/s1600/Apollo8earthrise.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjleZasmqLRnj7Va8iNR3e-WoWtWF819r8uXXGX-DdM5ubiR_r7Wa746r5p043jW9mR_p-8qOr4vLMiW9zzuQAxSAhkhxFnA5lGklsh0CuiTP59FgQgbizK3AJ6xh4gNi8WQWZNcbo_xkOH/s400/Apollo8earthrise.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">'Earthrise' photograph taken by astronaut Bill Anders during the Apollo 8 mission, on 24 December 1968. Credit: NASA</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
It is another aspect of these images of our blue Earth, however, that strikes me most. It is the human capacity for intelligence and creativity that enables space exploration and capturing of Earth-selfies from afar. Yet we do not see evidence of our presence in these pictures. In many ways, we are invisible to the universe. It is not life that makes Earth special. It is the blue oceans, the green forests, and the white wispy clouds in our lovely oxygen-rich atmosphere that make our world habitable. So for this postcard to our hypothetical alien planetary geologists, I want to send a snapshot of our whole world. Let them see the Earth and all its systems intertwined.<br />
<br />
The uniqueness of Earth, however, might be under threat if a new discovery from the <a href="http://kepler.nasa.gov/" target="_blank">Kepler</a> space telescope is anything to go by. On 23 July 2014, scientists working on the Kepler mission announced that they have found the most Earth-like extrasolar planet yet. The new planet—known as Kepler-452b—is located about 1,400 light years away, and is a similar size to Earth. In addition, Kepler-452b orbits a Sun-like star at a distance that is similar to that of Earth around the Sun. The planet is being hailed as "the first possibly rocky, habitable planet around a solar-type star". And it will thus, likely, become the focus of an intense search for extraterrestrial life. Perhaps we'll even find those alien planetary geologists there waiting for us.<br />
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwFYMnrBHhXDnUpcnKYYa6RdDDB23_Q3hlhwe1OLHI61mfwsJi7a87QVGmfJv1yGEkcXIhmVBWs_7VJsWj6GPIkSeSxdaMiz3tsr9Qgd1pLKfGZzGUS7DWUK9sIX5d7uk2lyM-zY4pZsfz/s1600/452b_ArtistConcept.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="223" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwFYMnrBHhXDnUpcnKYYa6RdDDB23_Q3hlhwe1OLHI61mfwsJi7a87QVGmfJv1yGEkcXIhmVBWs_7VJsWj6GPIkSeSxdaMiz3tsr9Qgd1pLKfGZzGUS7DWUK9sIX5d7uk2lyM-zY4pZsfz/s400/452b_ArtistConcept.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8000001907349px;">Artist's concept of Kepler-452b in orbit around its parent star. Credit: NASA Ames/JPL-Caltech/T.Pyle</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: inherit;">At a time when humanity seems to be as fractured as ever, perhaps we need a wake-up call like these ones from NASA. We need to be reminded every once in a while that we are all one family, stuck together here on our little spaceship Earth. We should do our utmost to look after it—and each other.</span></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17018373259426682282noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3377534331778141029.post-91148572782948429462015-07-08T04:51:00.000-04:002015-07-08T04:51:17.582-04:00Dark new horizons shed light on an old Earth<div style="text-align: justify;">
My last <a href="http://intrepidpostcards.blogspot.co.uk/2015/04/requiem.html" target="_blank">postcard</a> was about context. In that postcard, I explained how <a href="http://messenger.jhuapl.edu/" target="_blank">MESSENGER</a>'s exploration of Mercury has helped us learn more about the planetary neighbourhood in which our Earth sits. And for this latest offering, I want to follow a similar theme. But first, we need to take a pretty huge leap (about 5.85 billion km) across the Solar System. Where we will find ourselves in the vicinity of Pluto.</div>
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Pluto—once famous for being the ninth and most distant planet from the Sun—is now more famous for being the planet that <a href="https://theconversation.com/nasa-mission-brings-pluto-into-sharp-focus-but-its-still-not-a-planet-40495" target="_blank">isn't a planet</a>. Following its discovery in 1930, Pluto—which has a diameter of about 2,300 km—enjoyed more than 75 years at the planet level of the Solar System hierarchy. But in 2006, members of the International Astronomical Union (IAU) decided to demote Pluto, and assign it a new status as a <i>dwarf planet</i>. This decision was prompted when it became clear that Pluto is just one of many large, Sun-orbiting icy bodies in the outer Solar System. The astronomers therefore decided to officially define the term <i>planet</i>, specifically so that Pluto (and other bodies like it) would be excluded from this class.</div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiy_H-r1h8cXSp8gA4cvALNQKrI9dMeUjVCraMYcQwMHsFYZ12nye1rlG17lfGoDOPpoVYgpA4yLskTlDl7Pz1S9UDEWz5ZHmjOh9UhXTsMlLyjZrJf0cQnNXXGO7DqqwCkMy_DMEAKwc7W/s1600/Pluto_discovery_plates.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="247" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiy_H-r1h8cXSp8gA4cvALNQKrI9dMeUjVCraMYcQwMHsFYZ12nye1rlG17lfGoDOPpoVYgpA4yLskTlDl7Pz1S9UDEWz5ZHmjOh9UhXTsMlLyjZrJf0cQnNXXGO7DqqwCkMy_DMEAKwc7W/s400/Pluto_discovery_plates.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Photographic plates used for the discovery of Pluto. The arrows mark Pluto's position. Pluto clearly moved against the background of stars in the six days between the two observations, which were made by Clyde Tombaugh in 1930. Credit: Lowell Observatory Archives</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Under the IAU's new formal definition, a planet must meet three requirements:</div>
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</div>
<ol>
<li>The celestial body must orbit the Sun.</li>
<li>The body must have a large enough mass to give it a nearly round shape. </li>
<li>The body must have cleared the neighbourhood (of other material) of its own orbit.</li>
</ol>
<div>
Unfortunately<span style="text-align: justify;">—for Pluto at least</span><span style="text-align: justify;">—the former ninth planet could not meet this third requirement. And a global public outcry</span><span style="text-align: justify;">—which continues today</span><span style="text-align: justify;">—followed.</span><span style="text-align: justify;"><br /></span></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJXL36jarh8srhV3-Zsq80VQYAxG2-kUdWaR1UwORRmt9VqlSI9vnv-JN1EyHkRcyKnAPJgRLKNWGBSe03kSucS-u9g-c4mPZORsCzC1Sj1mlHHxg05ztBi6Vr-B1826LA6tnizAjzYhqP/s1600/plutoreclassified.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="273" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJXL36jarh8srhV3-Zsq80VQYAxG2-kUdWaR1UwORRmt9VqlSI9vnv-JN1EyHkRcyKnAPJgRLKNWGBSe03kSucS-u9g-c4mPZORsCzC1Sj1mlHHxg05ztBi6Vr-B1826LA6tnizAjzYhqP/s400/plutoreclassified.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The International Astronomical Union's decision to reclassify Pluto and strip it of its planet status hit the headlines in 2006 and caused a huge public outcry.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
But the question of Pluto's planethood is currently being pushed aside, as the level of excitement surrounding NASA's <a href="http://pluto.jhuapl.edu/" target="_blank">New Horizons</a> mission rapidly grows, prior to the spacecraft's Pluto fly-by. New Horizons—first launched in 2006—is the first spacecraft to visit Pluto and its system of five known moons (Charon, Styx, Nix, Kerberos, and Hydra). The probe will not go into orbit around Pluto, but will instead zoom by a week from now, on 14 July 2015. The fly-by will only last about eight or 10 hours, but at its closest approach the spacecraft will be about 12,500 km from the surface of Pluto. </div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzbTPpJ94Ix-p8YXn16-51uVMQtUBy5MZmLqamyG5xrICFxHE7oYAXvPs_23oibJKD5EvSPt3bFrRV4lQ6UDpJOenm5pqBNfzyzQecIvXMfL3UGdmc_K9HHFkye_kI6fYZOD3SXgiZ-yw5/s1600/plutomoons_hubble.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzbTPpJ94Ix-p8YXn16-51uVMQtUBy5MZmLqamyG5xrICFxHE7oYAXvPs_23oibJKD5EvSPt3bFrRV4lQ6UDpJOenm5pqBNfzyzQecIvXMfL3UGdmc_K9HHFkye_kI6fYZOD3SXgiZ-yw5/s400/plutomoons_hubble.jpg" width="391" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Photograph of Pluto and its five moons taken with the Hubble Space Telescope in 2012. Credit: NASA, ESA, and L. Frattare (STScI)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The scientific payload of the spacecraft consists of seven instruments that were chosen so that the geology, surface composition and temperature, and atmospheric characteristics of Pluto and its moons could be investigated. The bulk of the scientific data will be obtained during a period of about 24 hours around the time of the fly-by. The best pictures should reveal features as small as 60 metres across on Pluto's surface.</div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhY5tCajSAsmxMDhGpw2LY28yanph-JAUtDyBePVvkLaohSvR1p59uU1XqnZTrN_eMM3_z8bDgaYfcukC4OFANT72Fr5lsG1dVVxL1RluE9oMkts_91aPUXHoYuwfFc4-t1FL5Pu8LzElkl/s1600/nh-pluto-map.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhY5tCajSAsmxMDhGpw2LY28yanph-JAUtDyBePVvkLaohSvR1p59uU1XqnZTrN_eMM3_z8bDgaYfcukC4OFANT72Fr5lsG1dVVxL1RluE9oMkts_91aPUXHoYuwfFc4-t1FL5Pu8LzElkl/s400/nh-pluto-map.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Map of Pluto released by the New Horizons team on 7 July 2015. The map was created from images obtained with the spacecraft's Long Range Reconnaissance Imager (LORRI) instrument, which were combined with low-resolution colour data obtained with the Ralph instrument. The map clearly shows an intriguing pattern of bright and dark markings on Pluto's surface. The brightest region may contain fresh deposits of methane, nitrogen, and/or carbon monoxide frost. Credit: NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Southwest Research Institute</td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
This newest installment in the history of human exploration of the Solar System is all very nice, but how is it relevant to my <a href="http://intrepidpostcards.blogspot.co.uk/p/the-journey.html" target="_blank">original brief</a>? How can learning about this far-distant world help us convey the uniqueness of Earth to a hypothetical alien planetary geologist? Well, if all goes to plan, then the fly-by of Pluto will not be the end of the New Horizons mission. It should just be the end of the beginning. Pending approval from NASA for an extended mission, New Horizons will be sent on an onwards journey to study another <i>Kuiper belt</i> object.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
The Kuiper belt is a region that extends outwards from the orbit of Neptune for about 20 AU (astronomical unit, equal to about 150 million km). It is similar to the asteroid belt (which lies between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter), as it contains many—relatively small—bodies that are remnants from the formation of the Solar System. Most Kuiper belt objects are icy bodies, composed mainly of substances such as methane, ammonia, and water. Pluto is the largest known object in the Kuiper belt, but about 100,000 objects (with diameters of more than 100 km) are expected to exist in this region, and more than one thousand have been discovered since 1992.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsLGfF_dWW8vFQnRfEWQcU3Bk1PVF-fT_i_OkK-D3MzZoNENCzQJLQAYjWKU15AIAYGEa61Lxg8B3Nd66k9BwX2syeUCGvfBO6tf_TPzvxjTHRQH1SPX37JTc1dS_vvjHCuhlT9KZbs8nJ/s1600/kuiperbelt.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="226" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsLGfF_dWW8vFQnRfEWQcU3Bk1PVF-fT_i_OkK-D3MzZoNENCzQJLQAYjWKU15AIAYGEa61Lxg8B3Nd66k9BwX2syeUCGvfBO6tf_TPzvxjTHRQH1SPX37JTc1dS_vvjHCuhlT9KZbs8nJ/s400/kuiperbelt.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The path of the New Horizons spacecraft (yellow line) through the outer Solar System and the Kuiper belt. The orbits of the planets are shown in blue. The largest Kuiper belt objects are labelled. Credit: NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Southwest Research Institute/Alex Parker</td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">By studying Pluto and its Kuiper belt companions, we can potentially learn about two aspects of Earth's earliest history. As remnants of the Solar System's formation, the Kuiper belt objects are seen as akin to <i>planetary embryos</i> or <i>protoplanets</i>. Planetary accretion is believed to begin with the condensation of solids from the gas cloud that surrounds a star. Accretion of gas and dust then produces bodies that have diameters of 1–10 </span>km, which are known as <i>planetismals</i>. The Kuiper belt objects can help us understand this early accretionary stage and thus what processes went into building our Earth. Violent impacts that occurred during the stage of <i>runaway growth</i> allowed the many planetismals to coallesce and form the large planets we know today.</div>
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In addition, the Kuiper belt is thought to be the region from which most short-period comets (i.e., those with orbits of less than 200 years) originate. As the European Space Agency's current Rosetta mission has wonderfully shown, comets are intriguing bodies in our Solar System. Indeed, many scientists believe that comets may have contributed a significant proportion of Earth's water inventory. In a <a href="http://intrepidpostcards.blogspot.co.uk/2014/01/wake-up-and-taste-water.html" target="_blank">previous postcard</a>, I discussed how a Jupiter-family comet—which probably originated in the Kuiper belt—has a water signature that is a good match for that of Earth. </div>
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New Horizons therefore provides us with a great opportunity to get to know the Kuiper belt better and to potentially understand the building blocks of Earth just a little bit more. But furthermore, the Kuiper belt may provide a big clue to any alien <i>astronomers</i> of our Earth's existence. Neptune, as a giant gas planet, exerts a great gravitational force on the cloud of dust that surrounds it in the Solar System (which includes the Kuiper belt). The gravity tugs on this cloud of dust and creates a distinctive ring structure. Computer simulations show that this ring contains a gap where Neptune itself resides. So even if the alien astronomers cannot directly image the planets of our Solar System from afar, they might be able to detect Neptune's presence. As such, they would know that our Sun possesses a planetary system, and we on Earth are here to be found.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSTI3L3SIeXqbz8MypaRQaKF4-cW4srEnxFsXP4uKxb7vxLn9ayhl6WKL6v1AsFJ9Z7vwwxd4SNOT4H4ngAIWOoP4N5AG2Snq91B4jKTjfZ_WVvBBkzfJjpbF2I_SjR7hpGL4vJ1gh72uX/s1600/computersimulationkuiperbelt.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="398" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSTI3L3SIeXqbz8MypaRQaKF4-cW4srEnxFsXP4uKxb7vxLn9ayhl6WKL6v1AsFJ9Z7vwwxd4SNOT4H4ngAIWOoP4N5AG2Snq91B4jKTjfZ_WVvBBkzfJjpbF2I_SjR7hpGL4vJ1gh72uX/s400/computersimulationkuiperbelt.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Computer simulations show what the Solar System might look like to an alien astronomer. The gravity of Neptune creates this distinctive ring structure in the dust cloud. The planet itself resides in the gap that can be seen as the dark area in the right of the image. Credit: NASA/Goddard/Marc Kuchner and Christopher Stark</td></tr>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17018373259426682282noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3377534331778141029.post-3471537459011175372015-04-30T03:23:00.000-04:002015-05-29T11:19:30.913-04:00Requiem<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><i>Lacrimoso</i></span></span></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">Today will see the end in the life of a dear friend. A life in which I am proud to have played a small part. At the beginning of 2011 I moved across the Atlantic Ocean to Washington, D.C., to start a new job</span></span></span></span>—<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">working on the science team of NASA's </span></span></span></span><a href="http://messenger.jhuapl.edu/index.php" style="font-size: 16px;" target="_blank">MESSENGER</a><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 12pt;"> mission. That move was one of the best decisions I have ever made. But later today, after more than four years in orbit around Mercury, and over 10 years in space, the mission is about to come to a very conclusive <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-32510911" target="_blank">end</a>. The spacecraft is now, well and truly, out of fuel. It will crash into the planet and it will form a new crater in the already pocked surface. </span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 12pt;">But as I mourn the loss of our spacecraft, I can look back with pride and celebrate the wonderful </span><a href="http://messenger.jhuapl.edu/news_room/presscon14_multi.html#results" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 12pt;" target="_blank">achievements</a><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 12pt;"> of this groundbreaking mission.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgotJ9tNMVxDQDYSVtUVPnzp5e0kD7R6FaFhYF5RAvzoMgHRwILnbbjw601oxmbI0ckiB4D46SzuAXztPeasMZdzSpA3A3J7gj-dK2t6rxnaKfnFAFzoN_QuQXqg2ib7dJi0OS3lsqC3rxA/s1600/messenger.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgotJ9tNMVxDQDYSVtUVPnzp5e0kD7R6FaFhYF5RAvzoMgHRwILnbbjw601oxmbI0ckiB4D46SzuAXztPeasMZdzSpA3A3J7gj-dK2t6rxnaKfnFAFzoN_QuQXqg2ib7dJi0OS3lsqC3rxA/s1600/messenger.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Artist's impression of the MESSENGER spacecraft in orbit around Mercury. Credit: NASA</td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">MESSENGER</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="EN-US">—</span></span></span>an acronym for <b>ME</b>rcury <b>S</b>urface, <b>S</b>pace <b>EN</b>vironment, <b>GE</b>ochemistry, and <b>R</b>anging</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="EN-US">—</span></span></span></span></span></span></span>has been the first spacecraft to orbit Mercury, the innermost planet of our solar system. After more than four years of studying Mercury from orbit, MESSENGER has completely transformed our understanding of the planet. Back in the 1970s, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariner_10" target="_blank">Mariner 10</a></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="EN-US">—</span></span></span></span></span></span></span>the only other spacecraft to have visited Mercury</span></span></span></span>—<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 12pt;">made three </span><i style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 12pt;">flybys</i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 12pt;"> of the planet. Although Mariner 10 led to several important discoveries, substantial gaps were left in the Mercury cannon. Less than half the planet, for instance, was imaged up close by Mariner 10.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEge5bOaS2-PiTZ-lET0FMaUBWdss0-DPWjMUQjQg2H4Tw2tLGPeShNP7BePy_w8aYep8Ien8yIG1MBGjDa0rHqwsYIP2-htQyj1W3JfLNrjPFydWPtQEd-v6u8ppBFsKuRYRH_vQ-gHLcIk/s1600/Mariner10_Caloris.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEge5bOaS2-PiTZ-lET0FMaUBWdss0-DPWjMUQjQg2H4Tw2tLGPeShNP7BePy_w8aYep8Ien8yIG1MBGjDa0rHqwsYIP2-htQyj1W3JfLNrjPFydWPtQEd-v6u8ppBFsKuRYRH_vQ-gHLcIk/s1600/Mariner10_Caloris.jpg" width="293" /></a></span></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Mariner 10 image showing part of the Caloris basin (left), the largest well-preserved impact basin on Mercury. The basin has a diameter of about 1,550 km and its full extent was realized only during the MESSENGER mission. Credit: NASA</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">Following Mariner 10, many scientists believed that Mercury was geologically similar to the Moon, and therefore not worth an expensive and extensive follow-up mission. But a committed and insightful group of scientists and engineers, led by Principal Investigator <a href="http://www.earth.columbia.edu/articles/view/3050" target="_blank">Sean Solomon</a>, were not so easily placated. They believed that Mercury could not be so easily dismissed and they set about making their MESSENGER dream a reality. The MESSENGER mission concept was finally accepted as the seventh of NASA's Discovery-class missions, in July 1999.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">Several engineering challenges are presented in designing spacecraft to orbit Mercury. In addition to the extreme heating conditions the spacecraft must endure, the Sun's huge gravitational pull is a major issue. To enter orbit around Mercury, the spacecraft must be captured by the gravity of Mercury itself, which is tiny in comparison with that of our parent star. So the clever rocket scientists came up with a solution. Instead of sending the spacecraft on a direct course to Mercury, MESSENGER took a particularly circuitous route into the inner parts of the Solar System. To be captured by Mercury's gravity, MESSENGER's speed needed to be dramatically reduced as it approached the planet. But a body moving towards the Sun will be constantly speeding up. Of course, spacecraft thrusters (i.e., brakes) can be fired to reduce the velocity, but this requires a tremendous amount of fuel, and massively increases the weight and cost of launching the spacecraft from Earth. </span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">The gravity fields of the inner planets were therefore used as an alternative, natural, braking system. After MESSENGER was launched from Cape Canaveral on 3rd August 2004, the spacecraft undertook a series of 'gravity assist' flyby </span></span>manoeuvres<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">, which were designed to reduce its velocity. A year after launch, MESSENGER performed its first flyby, of Earth, on 2nd August 2005. Next up were two flybys of Venus in 2006 and 2007. Then i</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 12pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">n 2008 and 2009, MESSENGER made another three flybys, this time of Mercury itself, before it finally entered orbit on 18th March 2011.</span></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdxYeICLUKQFRJc-hgkI7pSqJkUuxlVKbdMXxU0_j77z2loEY8zkpN1peSUCdoR8bibmcUPnu4iL4empC60bL27BJtuoWnXe5EiYILBx8DwMb5xorHF-SuUHjFefyLGA1acOGQn9bwhRT_/s1600/Earth-flyby.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="397" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdxYeICLUKQFRJc-hgkI7pSqJkUuxlVKbdMXxU0_j77z2loEY8zkpN1peSUCdoR8bibmcUPnu4iL4empC60bL27BJtuoWnXe5EiYILBx8DwMb5xorHF-SuUHjFefyLGA1acOGQn9bwhRT_/s1600/Earth-flyby.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">The Earth, our home, as seen by MESSENGER during its gravity assist flyby on 2nd August 2005. Credit: <span class="wwwbodytxt">NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Carnegie Institution of Washington</span></span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">It is images such as this one of Earth taken by MESSENGER, that remind us of the power of <i>comparative planetology.</i></span> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">Even with the fantastic capabilities of remote sensing, as exemplified by MESSENGER and other planetary satellites, there are certain geological investigations that can never be achieved if you do not have physical contact with a planet. The study of Earth, and the comparison of its geological features with those we observe on Mercury (and other planets), is therefore a vital part of our planetary science investigations. But furthermore, by studying Mercury (the end-member of the Solar System), we also gain a more thorough understanding of the neighbourhood in which our Earth sits.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">My role in the MESSENGER mission, was as a postdoctoral fellow at the Carnegie Institution of Washington's <a href="https://dtm.carnegiescience.edu/" target="_blank">Department of Terrestrial Magnetism</a>. I worked with <a href="https://dtm.carnegiescience.edu/people/larry-r-nittler" target="_blank">Larry Nittler</a> on the analysis of data from MESSENGER's X-Ray Spectrometer (XRS), through which we are able to learn about the geochemical makeup of the planet's surface. In our first MESSENGER XRS <a href="http://www.sciencemag.org/content/333/6051/1847" target="_blank">paper</a>, we analyzed data from the first three months of the orbital mission. These data provided the first glimpse of Mercury's major element composition, and showed us that Mercury's surface is not as like the Moon (or typical parts of the Earth's crust) as had previously been thought. </span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3ng2WJh6UDr6U07F21qa-0vawPRDi6il1bjJg2XjZ4MrI0IM_8TJLDLiRsAMDlgOkxjYLGrdNJpuN5goidxVhmnIejH0WYIvGLxe-0SXCL3KALFefmkimwJCFDIuNvXVVr-KbogpEdsp9/s1600/xrs_nsmaps.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="221" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3ng2WJh6UDr6U07F21qa-0vawPRDi6il1bjJg2XjZ4MrI0IM_8TJLDLiRsAMDlgOkxjYLGrdNJpuN5goidxVhmnIejH0WYIvGLxe-0SXCL3KALFefmkimwJCFDIuNvXVVr-KbogpEdsp9/s1600/xrs_nsmaps.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Maps of magnesium/silicon and thermal neutron absorption across Mercury's surface, as measured with MESSENGER's X-ray and Gamma-Ray Spectrometers. Credit: <span class="wwwbodytxt">NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Carnegie Institution of Washington</span></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span class="wwwbodytxt"></span><br /></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">It is these geochemical findings that allow theories of Mercury's formation to be constrained. In particular, scientists have long puzzled over the reason for Mercury's particularly high density (i.e., it has a disproportionately large core). Some scientists believe that the outer (and less dense) parts of Mercury were obliterated during a huge impact event early in the planet's history. The MESSENGER geochemistry results, from the XRS and the Gamma-Ray Spectrometer, however, have revealed that Mercury is not depleted in a group of chemical elements known as <i>volatiles</i>. These elements (including sulfur, sodium, and chlorine) should be lost (evaporated) during the heating that would have been associated with such a massive impact event.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">It is more likely, think other geologists, that the major-element composition of Mercury is much more indicative of the original materials which accreted to form the planet. Perhaps those original materials had distinctive compositions, unlike the materials that built the other planets in the Solar System. In that original <i>Science</i> paper, we proposed materials akin to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enstatite_chondrite" target="_blank">enstatite chondrite</a> meteorites as the potential building blocks of Mercury. The jury is still out on what those precursor materials may have been. And in all likelihood, those materials may no longer exist and may not be present in our meteorite collection. But by studying Mercury in depth for the first time with MESSENGER, we have learned about the full diversity of the Solar System.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">So this postcard isn't about sending a single rock from Earth to the alien planetary geologists. It is about the much bigger picture. For those aliens to really understand our wonderful home, they need to see Earth in the context of its planetary brothers and sisters. By sending spacecraft to visit Mercury, Venus, Mars, as well as the outer planets and moons of the Solar System, we are building up a panoramic postcard of our whole family.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">Thank you MESSENGER for playing your part perfectly in that endeavour. You served us well and you will be missed.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">The Earth and Moon, taken from the MESSENGER spacecraft at Mercury. The Earth is the bright object in the bottom-left of the image. The Moon is the smaller and fainter spot to its right. Credit: <span class="wwwbodytxt">NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Carnegie Institution of Washington</span></span></div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17018373259426682282noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3377534331778141029.post-45482956939942999152015-01-26T16:49:00.000-05:002015-01-26T16:49:39.522-05:00A peace of Earth offering<div style="text-align: justify;">
In recent weeks <a href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/the-anthropocene-the-human-epoch-started-with-first-atomic-bomb-test-scientists-decide-9981119.html" target="_blank">this</a> interesting science story<a href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/the-anthropocene-the-human-epoch-started-with-first-atomic-bomb-test-scientists-decide-9981119.html" target="_blank"></a> has caught my attention. A group of scientists has been tasked with deciding whether we are in the midst of a new geologic epoch, and if so, what historical event can be used to mark its beginning. The potential new epoch is known as the <i>anthropocene</i><span style="font-family: inherit;">—</span>the 'human epoch'<span style="font-family: inherit;">—</span>and is defined as the period in which human activities have had a significant impact on the Earth and its ecosystems.<br />
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Several sensible options have been put forward as possible start points for the anthropocene. These include the invention and rise of agriculture about 10,000 years ago, or the start of the Industrial Revolution in the 18th Century. It seems, however, that these choices have lost out to the might and power of an atomic option.<br />
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A group of researchers, led by Jan Zalasiewicz at the University of Leicester, have <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1040618214009136" target="_blank">proposed</a> that the new epoch began with the dawn of the atomic age. They suggest that the first nuclear bomb test, on 16th July 1945 in the Jornada del Muerto desert of New Mexico, marks the moment in time when humankind left its first permanent and <i>global</i> imprint on Earth.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiKNGSf-Jidu1o0NV3dU6LBsQkJnNuw7zB1m6t6UU90agLXfik37MrVvCEppVhf4PWbXuk5qs_diwmH-ainx21HCpkc55-PQfDKbNK3WG-ZR-uMGLHjtHaDJnC0-Lpe2TErE5vGNgOXc8g/s1600/firstabombtest.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiKNGSf-Jidu1o0NV3dU6LBsQkJnNuw7zB1m6t6UU90agLXfik37MrVvCEppVhf4PWbXuk5qs_diwmH-ainx21HCpkc55-PQfDKbNK3WG-ZR-uMGLHjtHaDJnC0-Lpe2TErE5vGNgOXc8g/s1600/firstabombtest.jpg" height="288" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Rising fireball and forming mushroom cloud, nine seconds after the world's first atomic bomb was detonated on 16th July 1945 in New Mexico. Credit: U.S. Department of Defense</td></tr>
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Earth's geologic timescale is divided into units of various lengths that stretch back to the planet's formation about 4.54 billion years ago. Any given eon, era, period, or epoch consists of characteristic rock strata that can be distinguished from those that are directly above (younger) and below (older) it. Often, these stratigraphic boundaries are marked by major compositional or paleontological changes, such as <a href="http://intrepidpostcards.blogspot.co.uk/2014/01/the-earth-giveth-and-earth-taketh-away.html" target="_blank">mass extinctions</a>. If the anthropocene is to be added to the top of Earth's stratigraphic column, it therefore makes sense to identify its beginning with a similarly global signature. <br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBHjWKidmEXjBj5w2WHrBT53rg4zAWTw73A-0jYnOom9havYTcBN_JkG4bqUuSAgjyUkCpwPuYCMouQ__71dyEi9KwQHwFctJ9ibUqWFnZHB8lUvhtK8miHgdFfgbD0CjULjjCPaaelU-_/s1600/geologic_timescale.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBHjWKidmEXjBj5w2WHrBT53rg4zAWTw73A-0jYnOom9havYTcBN_JkG4bqUuSAgjyUkCpwPuYCMouQ__71dyEi9KwQHwFctJ9ibUqWFnZHB8lUvhtK8miHgdFfgbD0CjULjjCPaaelU-_/s1600/geologic_timescale.jpg" height="640" width="292" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The geologic timescale. Credit: Science Education Resource Center at Carleton College</td></tr>
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Luckily, as Zalasiewicz and colleagues point out, the nuclear tests that took place between 1945 and 1963 caused an unambiguous and detectable change in the Earth's atmosphere. The nuclear explosions were the primary source of man-made radionuclides (i.e., radioactive isotopes) found in the atmosphere. The most abundant of these nuclides<span style="font-family: inherit;">—</span>caesium-137<span style="font-family: inherit;">—</span>has no natural sources and is the product of nuclear fission processes. The first pronounced increase in the atmospheric concentration of Cs-137 occurred in 1954, and there was an additional peak in 1963. Man-made radionuclides therefore represent the best chronological markers for the atomically-heralded anthropocene.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="" height="260" 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/9w2223DT/96U8HhoGXvvSlw1577TXstttuDR9e8hD+z//8z+Gee+5pzw9+8IPhN3/zN4cDDjhg2HvvvYcXvOAFG3DHjVE8LrIn3v2uga6BroGuga6BroGuga6BroGuga6BRdGAvc9///d/D48++mjbm9mneSFrf7Zu3bph3333bfuuvIBlFMgeKcYCusgeStoDDzww3HnnncNjjz3WcO3X9tlnn+FVr3rVRi+QQxd+i6LTrS3HwhsJ6qadsliUbPQvuuii4cYbb9xgpXKqQMPaddddh6OOOmo444wzmsEA7MknnxyuuOKK4ZZbbhnuuOOOZiR40Yte1Db9u+yyy3DiiScOxx133PDiF7+48dBY4V1zzTXDd7/73eGJJ54Yfvazn7WG/rKXvWw4/vjjhze/+c3Dy1/+8g31J5/eODeoowe6BroGuga6BroGuga6BroGuga6BhZQA3XfY9/kpeo3v/nN4YYbbhh+/OMftxPcP/zhD9u+7dWvfvVw9NFHt/3WwQcf3NLG+zsqCuzhhx8errrqquGmm24a1q9f317a/tu//dtg73b44YcPp5xyyvCa17ymnVBAk/0Xv8q1gGrfoiL96hZhTxCZpUkD4ISdCGAcuOyyy9pJAht7Jwd+9KMfNcuVEwRPPfVUMxYwGDgxII5Gw3U6wGcGrFsa9EMPPTTY+Od0AIsXg8Ott946fPGLXxx+8pOftEboRAJDwb333tuMBRqpkwg5HtMb5gQbVxe5a6BroGuga6BroGuga6BroGuga2CLNGDfk029EwRern7lK19pL2Ttvbzt32GHHdqL2e985zvtlIGXq7vvvvuG/ZMNPZc9lD2VfZo92yWXXDJce+21jc5+zilwJwvs93bcccfGBxxteLTA0k83FDytiV/56yUXpSyyn824jf2555473Hzzza2RsSSxTjn+f9999zVDwe233z688IUvHPbbb7/WUDSyc845Z7jrrruGww47bDjttNOaEcHxFfweeeSRdiLBqQLu4osvHv7pn/5pOP/885tRwsmEY445phkXnGJwlEbD96kCg0Nki/7T2MXTeJPW/a6BroGuga6BroGuga6BroGuga6BroEpayB7HPuvz3zmM8NnP/vZton3+ffJJ588vPa1r217NZt7J7Nt3vfff//Bfiu0Kb84o4OXtB/96EeHj33sY+1F7p577jkceeSRzSgg3WfmThr4/JshwkvcMS88Z8GS11rxF/4kQbUGaRw+N3AJoQbz1re+tX0m8JKXvKSdDDjiiCOGv/mbv2knBpwA8HmByzJ8NsDKpcH++Z//eTuq4hME37V8/vOfb8djvvCFL7TG5lSCRn7hhRe2fM4666zhT/7kT9q3NBquIzUsYj5fYBF7xzve0QwU40baG+da6YK9nF0DXQNdA10DXQNdA10DXQNdA2tPA97wu7fNC1P3Dhx66KHD+9///rZPc7rb6WwvVf/2b/+2vZiFX08Q0FgumHda3J7NnsxF8yeccMLwoQ99qO3fvJS1//q7v/u7dqJAWF72YvZcY55rryZ+scQL/xeI4822BqexOUHgVMArX/nKdmrAm30Wq3VLl2MwImiUPjPwOYHLM1w6KI1FyoZeo/JdDCsUw4NLEBkWnBJwZEZjkxdL1YEHHtjCvqlhAfOJAysWa5Y88OPQpJGOfemMHFzSajhpFRY8fsLSxy60FS/48cc04jWthiu/WXRjWGjjV96zeAWPn/TQJC3xWT5YXMUPjCEnLunxwWs48Vmw8IhfcRKOP4tP0uIHp/rhvTm/6qmG0dV4zUvaOA7GjeGb4lHxQxd/nBb42K/8a/1UeuFNOTzDd4w3Cz7GnxXHJ7JVHsGNDy/p1a/h4Iz5jXGCx+dmpT+d8uxvcCr+s6mzQ6EZ+5VH0mZz2H7QKlfC/Bqu0tW0lG85WOjG9RS6WX5gyT884ld4DUtPPsJJiz9OF+cqjTj8SpPwGK5vJQ1ddRU+phvj1T5aeVa68ONXeWs8OJW/8Bi/4gnnCd04vhwc3/CKX+VHF/iY56x48pnlVz7j8iQOJ2E8qnzhWXUtfYwfvOSX+Cy/8kp6pROu8ZrXOC30FUc49BVfuOIFJzziV/mCX3nCC9/wiF/TxmFxLjyfjj37G56BBC8+uE1Kdcl3TAunpo3bVy1P5T+Ld4VtKjyWofKt+VW84FSYPMhb6yFlkVbD4nGBxwdPuOYT/MA2hYc+POJvDX7lETni17SE4wdnOT94/BqGn3ilDSz+GA88afEr/TgMZ6zPSlfDNS/wcVp417TwHrfjihO64CYe/vZp9lhObzup7XH62mkBcJ9m2zv5RMB+yZ6LQaFu7O3buFx8yFjAKGCvd9BBB7UL5u3b7OO8zEXrvgN7MWH9l+8ZlyXyrkV/TZwkULEao0Zl0+57Fo3AJwVpEHyfD3g0Ft+02PT7lMCpAY3TrZgaIloNlYHBg6/GxqCggdr8y0/DdFcB3hzjAKOCfFm6dAANubrgjn048uGSv3DwklZhSYtfOyQ8cWlJ5wdHOpe0p2NP/wYn+GOccTz44ZE4vIorLG0MQ7ccbBY8+dS0wAxSdMWXHpwMXuLVaJP00PPHMgbGDz6/4qXMcKqreKFN+jhe+QUn5RGXXsu1HO/wncUvaeGXfOB6ajtLGr/Cwze+9IQr/6pzOJEXblzFD2xT9ZN84AonHj6Jxw/PpCfOH8OWiwfOr/UhLp+xS97j9OBWfoFFntCOeSadHxngetRN5RMeFS95ggnnqfmAhbbCE04e4TWOw6v0CfODm3YUWORIevJKHonHH+OBR+6E4wc3eYBzFZ74GAc8sgpz6MZyJS5tVvo4L3zQzIIHBodLvMpR6w/OOI4mZZEWlwVSFlri+HpqGI1HH8THfAdHHByusCcLrcoTjTSOLPDd4wMunPTwRgsPbzB5CeMt7hEGF5bmkYd48sAnuGCRKbjkSTnhcdKE8UKjrJFVGpg04fBJHuJwOW+zyCdPcPkIpyzhA1canptKkwcavCIfWvKlnEmP7HDx5OQR+dCTD16e6AG+cPLAM/KB0Xtc0qpeweClLPKUR6UVr20o8qGBF77wwDzwE691D1c8MtRySPOg58gijg8Hl0MLLh5dCpMFLjpP+IBHf/ClkSHyhQ/eNc+xDqTDTRnFwydhNNLHeVT9oSF/dLCpODzpFTd5yJOL/HDTvqIHcW1cWnSSciXOTz/ADy6cOPG4Cq/hcXp4wKn0FY4mPMZ+TQvvCovs4R36irtceFM0Y3krj9BVmHAtU3CqPAlL86RdCqcccJI3eOLjvJJf4GPelS5pwcU37SJywBHWxshVacDgB2ZPxAhgj6XNecHqE3AOHofGye5Zf4WYcimzEwkuixe2x3KpvL2YvMDwZixgQPAJw9133z3sufTy14WGcckz8bXsL7yRII0wvsak8aUzqXwN4rrrrmtHUNyGaVDz1t+G3p0DDADiGpfLNEKrMbNwgTv+4jIMm/4M2hqiRpoGh05nEGd48FQjQWRM507DFE8a+VnROHADPL7C+JJdZyKDySvp8MHxgc9PHM+UKZ2twuAlDk84T3iJR87kEZi8xzBpgeEfV2FwKv/g8COHPCsvaeEHR/kjf+j4oYNDb3gELzA4YGSqtOEPhhaeB11w8QNLefji4Jw4Wrw8Nc/QwYv8wmjhedCIh3/S0XLB00bhwJUfFxww/OHEhR8cT+SSDh8s+Ub+8IcbnPDDP7zAKn+4lVdo4XAppzAe8gOLDHz80XHx0Xukc2gqXfjjByf1CUda5OCHv3D4Vzy6w8cjPbzkG1jkqDBhuPhXWcE5eYSf9MTHvOAmT3gpE1q4lX/kr/xCmzJV/pEjOOKhBcMP/7jQ4sUlv8DJxqW9iaMXh4u3hwuNcPgFFlnRRLbIBZanwiotnhza4Iijiw9OPrKhTVx68iQHnMTRBw8s/MA84uGF1pOyp0xNgKWf4NHPmD9c6R48xaus4nngoBcnA5+ziHLjc2DhIx6ZzHXg5hHzijwYzzlpeGejQE5htNKCC8diDDx8gos3PE5Y3p5aLvKm/HDhicPDBy7e5AOTB198LDv50GYOd1oQf/HIbgFa+dQ8NoUrTZ7RiTha+YFFHvkoh3jyhAemHNEfGehaGlzlwmssnzQ00vCAj688lYsTrzqpcXzJ6uHG9YAPnlXvtR5CiycceUbv8MRTLrKCyRNf7YLc4tJSzugr9RBdgsNPnsKeWs6KSyayg5GBE8dHPPoKH3GPNDj48vGpsiufOBe+6KIj4eQZPtLwqfKhHfMRj3zC8NFx+HLS6UbaGJcuudTDrDyjk+BqU2SJPDVPMkR2ecKlL3zDBx0ccT6Z8PC41NsaOe0WbfQDVzxlCW0rwNJPyguHkx5YcOWJXp5x4oHB85Al4fCKjOGPBn+8wl+88kKLDgwO2vCRFtqKF/4VFrzKS3oceHD4kS1ywYNDPvzB4Xi4ihcdpZ4ib+SHHzmSJxhe4OEvr+BJ52o+kQU87Ua9o9mUi+zarPZChtBI86xfmqu+9a1vtZe2TgbAA+fImTBa/4rghDaYvRlcYw0Hpjz2YdKMsS6UB8MnfvJvRGv859kV3oIqQqNII0qj15A8ccIsShqisE8PHEfRuBx1MZhqNB7p+HBpUPLQATkdRae0AMnAKI4Ono4gjpeBViMNz/CN3xgu/aTBMg7EGAHHgzbpoZMPl8m3RZZ+Ag++OHquwhpg6Sf8IjscD7rw4lc84TyhS5xfaQOPDPINLHiJSwveGEbnYDU/+HiQVz1FzpQzvKRlMhYGxwtewnhxKXtowSIL/nHJK3E4HHjwwMiNF1iVK/lrU7Xt4FHzG8tXecOtTlqlTVrKWWkrLDTw4eSJjFUGMK7CIn/KGTp4yZMPHr+GK6/ov8oQPuEljj48Ap9VJjAusomjS1yaeFx4VVjSwDzB4QcPv7jkKd1T48FDBx5eoZ3lw9NuOWFP+IBFjuQHVmVNOjoueJEdrPIb06ILj+AFhpZLenhWvKQ3xGd+4HP4KNtYtsSfQW/eWK7EQ588QyNdPlXWsZxwg5NwjeNZ+zCc5AtPeuLJDzx48oYTPGnBr2FlGNOJJ//GcOmn4iSP8JdXymrOYaD2aVyObZqXpJsz0GTugkumLPqk69MecxwHl4zms8x/4h580UsjnzhfHNziLXNgzROOuReePDNv1jzJOc7TmEkGjzQ4FoTCaJUDL3GPPDl05JGWssBVToZ8aV4u4Edn+JOdbGjR0Z88+PiCK1tkF8YbHRx/x4W/eOSRJ961HsgnXuWreZIPvyofvmSQJ1zhsXxkwVf+eJOd3sU5cXzIH9mjr1nywPUoS5Uv+opO0Fb55CnOoSOneOoBHfnIUOWjv+hWnuqG7Hy4eNCnNLzSLuSBD9rgpq7DR1yeZCWPOFzp4RNceseTvtIuxMkgD7RVdnzGugWrdUQ+7R8fMuDhQZd2gEaaPJVVHP5YPjpJXUcn8MifuhbGt5ZTuclEdvTKgrf6JJ9NFrrUJ97CkU/YSVwvy5zExQuddA9aeQjzpeWZBdM+4HHBS1zZw1s6evGki3OhE06asiUOhldcePDB8cmTPNGM+SeOT+WXPCNHeCUOfwyrvKTDHcPAxw6OvJNnyqkOOXFhOIFFDj46j7aSPPEEC+/KH0544af9qnf9Iy5yV5mSd8Wp+Xn56hNuL2zxcoecdhoZwjP08SOncoYfmLC2yGmD0Yv4WBawte4W3kiQBpTGq8LBArdQ+sY3vtH+8cAxFf9E8IY3vGF417ve1TqDRoM2NBpYGpxB06a9dhQNLo3OAGxA1ckMoB584AdHY0+HGTfGmi9rl47iMsXvf//7jR5tZNHYnXjwWBTl5AM6fFJuPpoaTzg6qfmOcaUlT7pRNnTjMsDzjOEt46Wf0KCvOHh7wDz0BNeTvIMPVtNDC15d6MHCAwwfcS408YOX+m9Iz/wEhw8vfPiRIeHggHPgoQ8uOJh4+IUuNKEXF5au7NpU4tLigh/ZAkeXvMZ++IBz4ujlU/mFjqz0k7TkEVp4tTzwKm7SKn54JI/QjPUGL3KGBj8wuHFgy7nQV19Zw4du0z6DE17kCl5klBY8fspaZY880sETR5tw5K888Ao8+Yam5inNA9dDfnUU2sgERxht6JOGb+DhBcbB8YR/5SPMSQtvMHrkyMLV+FiuhvDMDxmSv3DyrjjC4GMHH2/1OasPSwvv0MdHGweWeMqXePBT3sTRwoGf/hE+lVY6XZAxPKSHNjKKox/zSD7pn/BDG9zwByeLTYbP6DjGcDdIw0HLkQmuDZg5BZ+0n+Qjzkk3B8JNGl5oUiZ81Xv4jOXzxifljMxwOHKCVVq8pKdc0TH8yC7MRb/1dJ85E4/ILg1ezaOWRZgjY944CXu8sUqedCIMX9gjH3j0U8uWeGO89IMvXPT0CZd8eEQ+aXhFf2jpAF1kz1wPB23epsGVJx7w0UmXB57WMNUpF4dP8qw6kR8+eEiPjsSlyYdLWuTBN/mTIfJJ59By6LiUWTsIDnjklS5Pjgxw6EvYo645eaYcaKIv+BUXDp1waJNGVg6dBx5fujR5yoMjD/mSZ3QCF12VD23lWesPbsoJJ+UkH7nFlcWDT8oSGcAjX9agwcWbfPimXQiD4wNPnBOPDyaNS1mCKx6+4aHe3FivHI5yMxbQq/TgkFE4+eMtXHEil7TkLx0cfVxkBg8P+HC55BNY4jVdmgeP8E84+fArnnjyFg6/wNEHBs8TWOSXjicnLU66MYFjdOHSrtN/G3DpB4+xHIkn/+BWePKVBi+yaGNpb+kDcMFs3H2abQ5RrwxGyR9veE5in3LKKe0zgrTfyJE8alkjU+Tg+xTgm9/85nDeeee1e99cOP/mN7+57W8qXvjKV17RUeD0mDIIw+PLP2H84sgS2sDWqr/wRoJUbBpprXxHLm26L7vssnb80sbaZYZvetOb2j8XuNCC01jQaVAan3CeND5WMy4NTn7w0caqnfT4cGLRAquyiXNpqDqmwd7Aq4MaMPAHJ5NB/9577233IVj44WtBmIUMXvJLWcRDL8yJc+k8wmiUycNFHrKC1c4YnIb4DC650ODtid5SVj6HNngN8AwsYbRw4EdO+B7ycilf8hSv/OHAj0vd4Rueweejz2QqPflJS1kDgwcfnnS+uuHgBC4t6WAVTxguufj4CfO50ApLr/oQDwxcGL/giIeOHxw88RfnxMMr/MDx4qLr4IAHFlp44S89Dzw4XORJ+cThoQNLOhjdhkZcWuRNPtKFkx784MlXGhcZhMHgBIa3R9yTeM0TnTgX+YXpEU3yjDyBJf/kiSYueYqnvsG0oeQVuuQpnrob6yxlGtOmTPJBT7d8eMGF4+Hi4ycdblwtHzgZODJFRnFhfFIudFziwlVevOCHR2QDy4Mm8gpzka3iCIMrZ5U/MHSBw00ZkqeFBdrwAQ9OdM9PnnwuZRAOf2HlTPmDk3JK5+CnXvAjQ/STdDhczTdjccpKLmH08hC2KbBoZ0g2Z/G9mdHOpGdBCl+e4pE55ZAnGPk5tPLyhE5YesbALNAiW8okPXlKQ4NWHtLgeYTxznxZ31iCe5InPpE9fPDFJ/KJeyKPMFzpScNDPG90zeN0jA86aeLyJQ/8vMkWH8sOzxNaZYl8ScMTLDLgIy3yRe9pI3DxAa954hPdohWGm/oUT57k4cTxlcYpGxrpyiJdHjUNbmQlQ8WVhp88I0/4iMPHkxOHK13YI1zT4JInuOQjDz7C6NUReZInecSlo6vyoZWGLx54i+MDV5wMNU+40uBLg4sPeJVdHC+4HvLAtSYDr/KFlmwesuKVsoiD4yPMRbez5CObB9/kKRwd4BP5Un/4oJFPlSc6IbN0tHBruZWFrNLTpo0zeFuz3nTTTW2McdF3TvVI49Cikw+enDgXGB+MDBz5QhMctMIe6RwYeeNCDybNk3IHBjdlDW9+YOFV8cIrPnzyRebE8RjjiHN8eMkrMH7KEFx8hcMvdKGVlvyrLlKGlLWWveLJU5vGJ+0NP20DD47xx9/IG+9c+O4uAQ7v1K15JUbO8IcTvYRXyhO5A/fC09/R26PJj6FJXvZo2lH4VHo6wEd+4OLKKZ406dormPLBi47hiFd5ybyW3cIbCVR4Gl0N33bbbcO//uu/DldeeWW76MKtmqeffvpw/PHHt8sGNRYNSMPU2LlYgcE1NJ0GngFRHJ5BUqPUyRzp1BilwcugSR7fabHCpTHDiUs4coPj68JFea9bt67xUh584TMecE5D+AuRk046qclDZg6OvMI7MDw4fMjNzyACF0xcWTk8PBkMDBLS4FZ5xMma43HKgo5DG1zlCn84aDhyZBLHS1pohKXHj2xkBUs8+eGXgSs46NVN8oMLhpYvT7KRQRwdmEc8/NDJU5wfmcBDK4w+dOEHrkzRh7iHDOBkEwZDkyf6QMfJM7Kh8wSHn7hwHNrEySaOPweetJQLDicOj0wpb/QNjg688kcHRh/hW/kJJ0+yooWPHx3IM+nx4Un3hBdY8oosZEMjHj3Cq/zll/LLD564fC1iOPTBQZvy6/uRHyzywxfOUVS8gscnF35k40Jb5ZRPcMAjM5iwB718oiOw6EweNjjhAc8THWrfxgd5B4YeDlp56t/oxcObvNLSP8VTpsiPBl9wYwAnPy79In0fDF3KhU5cnuiFoyfhlAEeHE66OJdy8lOfVT9w4JKDq7Thp6wcHwwvNMmTHCkzmHQwDr/oUZngwZGOV8pJNi66ko7WQ97wQB/+0jh++AUGjws/cGF6Rs84wPDtkTejuIW7y3fDS3sX9pA5/NCTJzKJJz9lgusRrrTi5Ej5U3bxlAlPNFzCiYcXfQhHZ9EPGWqeKTNcafJLmB9ZK5080ZHHQzawKjs+0uTPF4cXmdOW0qbF4Y7LA19eZOF7IlPyhBPdKmfkqfKhq2mzyhn+yYOvfuHKUx6RA28ODgce2eHDFZcnHPGqB7DIQF7xlAs/aWDS0CV/sFnp8OFGPjjCXGjIA49LWaITcWnJB27kTVnUEV7i8PAPH/GkhQ4PMuELRpehA+ekoUs58fRoC+B1c0LWOLw5fLnIK17lS/uXLxyPPOUhLA80KQuYcvLxiezkS1rklS++0jzhixccDyfOySe4ygWeNi/uTbM3wWBZX1sjSyMT/uYndHjhLwyecPoTXZE/5RCHx8ElR8oNBx8w5eHE0XPhLxw6/PBBS15xtObv4OMfOeGqf/MnmjzgcNDwx/MnGYKTPJMvfHLixYHDZ2jh8OKi6/AGQxfZUibyp8x4Jd/gKad6iG74cPjyJIfPBZQFnnylK7NTL/Y3ThH49zZv+G3cgyvvnXbaadh1112bjsnIJe+aV8orXRiOvyb0N/JOEYi//vWvH0488cS2rzFfVZeyhV6biq7I6aFr5U1Zlce6xB6M3NI4vOivu2c1sPBGgjRAjUNYY/HvA1/+8peHz33uc+1N+5lnnjn87u/+brsFM4skjUXjcWRGR7AZsLjS4DRCzlt6/2ggTWdySaHGp3P4S8S77rqrfUfD8JDO5e4DFjIN3WZeY46Mz1bL050JnNycwWrdunXtkUcatU4Jz9G9dIzXve51w9vf/vYmUzolHmSoThoHLpzOEZ7SxnAw+aFJR4cfWrA8FYYuLmUSx6fykpY8Ix+86EK6sDS+vLnw4cfBkR5diYe+5pnyRi5pcCP/cumRKfIk79CGTlxa8CuesAeu/DOohzZlwyMuNJE3Pv6cuCd4aJO39OSXdD4cNOERWPWThgdHRjoyIcDj4FSaKkfKlHyShi46Sjjy8pOPtNBEH/zoLLDQkoNsZEyeeAQmvfIW5lLv+KFLXBgMXZ4qDxgHhwz8Spv8ksaPk4ZX+PGTLhw54UWG4CcPvJQt+pDOVTmEQxe84PBTBjgJR7b44cePIyuampZyho804ZQr7Sbyz9J/eES25IFP6FKe5BOZ+NLCQ7o4Bya/0PBrunDkhZ+y1jzBQy8d7/AJvNImrcoLlrpNfoFFbnkm//ANDj94/ORXYWiTdv/99w/XX399MxiYg/z7jpNnSUefckRXyTPwlknBmxWveUb2mgeaihOdgMOreUU/0sYy4UG+WTKO+QcnfBIf8xzHx3ykpyxjXPHwlQ9X6cWDEx+MG8efhj77O05PfKwf8Mg35juW5VnuG4fCu0IrrXQuZR2nVRkqr4qHvqbV8Kw0sOS3ufSqk+CGXj4Jt0D52ZQMBW1DsOLX8KbKiVi6sqykPLUss2Sv+Y7D8koedW4ADy5ZuHGbAQutcPDH4VrWyArXBn+fffZpL65OPvnk4a1vfWv7h69KH57L8YBLhuDhT87g86WDwanwOm5Ky9gdnOAHLq+qI+kc/OAIg3vMn8GJjPDBxAMb+zX/4EZ+8YTRwa2u8k1alQ0ueq7m0wBLP1XeyDXOE26tx8iBnzJ7Eek0sw28SwTtNfyDADlSP8mPn3yEI1v0LI0jA/74OqFw7rnnDl/72tdaG3Ky+wMf+ED7h4KGvPQzlg888vn0wX4Jb/siBodDDz20ffYAzx5OGRgJzH3mQMar6AsOR6bI9zRkbf4uvJEgFZ2GakOvEWo4GhojgAa0xx57tAaZxqc5aGiO0bjA0LEXDcvjUkPu8ccfbxY3nYORwF8cymfdunXNSMCS6hMANBZkLHEMC2TAQwON9Q2PyIp3OtOsRsqQEYcOjs5rM2xgJjefC5/gV7+m4RO3kjDcyFbxwQIPv83FKy+44VflC054JS24yav6cIIHXsPi4RUeiUsLrIZnpQdWeYd27OMVfOFZNOBcaJ+ObYwbWHjFr/AKSz4VthL+oRvjJp/A62YzaaGdlWdg8dEEXzh8k564tMCCH19aDQcvsiUOLzDhyruGpVV+4niMccK34gYnfmj5gcUHi8Mr/OJLE64yJ6+KkwkueImjr3mFFry6Mbzyhpc4P/xm0YzTKk7Skm9kTXycHtr4kaPGA4t84RU/8NAkLn2cH1hND80s3IonveKKVzdOQ1vpI0fFCyx+TQvvpInX9ITj17zMDeYPtOa60Na5J/jxG9LSz5bEk3f4h0f1Kw7elX8N13JW+CzeNX3Mv+Zd8WoYzjg+5lPTa3gWLVilrzgroYUftxz+WD/L4eEzliW8x/6Yx5h2nF75SqvpNVzx8KxpNby5tM2lV51sDld63KZkCE71K34Nb6qc6MfpYJW+hmtZKhwNV2HLheGNx9vgbk4WtFzwazjjBp+LrHDl58WV8UYe1qTwzE0VD12VYZwmPXknbewHZwyvfOFwgeEZ/KdTNtbROM9KG/zgiCccfxZMWvKseMENLH5klV5d5RP4GDfx8IJXw4kHFh88MgpzeCVdnZpH1K/6hBv8+GkXT1P/Yr6z2qK9kXvXfP597bXXNkO2fZn9mRevyZ+BIfngX/OC43SAEwxe5uLpZa3PFdYt7cu0QYYDezL7McYBeeARfdW1U+Rfy/6aMRJoBCxIDAQf//jHh4svvrh9SuAIv83817/+9dYI4Wk4/rNTw+QzENxwww2t4drcH3DAAc044FsZb2WcCDjmmGOapctpAicFNE6GiMsvv7wZEDRQlyReccUVbXHmc4C3vOUtLS0NvjZ2YS4dY7lGmnSnCxwD8tmBh5UsJx6Wo+3wroGugcXQgAnO5GbcEM6Etxil66XYGg1kjtA2LIw8FlrddQ10DXQNbI0GMrYsx8PJXWtTPgd/1np3OfoO374aqPWbsLlDnVpveBib695lSyRGj6/2ceeddw4f+chHhi984QttL+NEAL4uaneqIOubvfbaqxkOvJgF80mLvZV925577tkMGAcddFDbk1199dXtYnrrISfBGQluvPHGdprcy1/3G6DLeqmWI+XdkvIsIu7CGwlUfk4H+IbGf23avFsoaWBf+cpX2rcvaYAahs31WWedNfzBH/xBa0S+hWGNcofBX//1XzfrqIHO0Zh1S5v/97znPe1zBQ2T1dQ/I0j/53/+52ZEuOaaa1oj1ABZuXzecMYZZzTeaVTyr42yhoMzy0+jVk55etDi50njn0XbYV0DXQPT1kDGDX1+3Ncz7k27hF36rdFA5gc8hC3wtmZRtzWydNquga6BxdSAsYWr61bzkRdXvm837gQnY1LFXUytLE6pUmdKFMOPecT6Q1pNh7PSus2axSbfBZf2ZtoMei91/fOcPZtT0tqR/Y2Xq3/xF3/R/oXOqWwnD7zk9fLWvu2QQw5pdxjg40Xvl770peHTn/50279l7vMZjH0Ympy6rnKPyyNtrbpnP4pdYA1oWBpHLuNgOdLoYt3kaxQafPDytsXRGp8cOC3gFAG4UwJOC2jgPhmQxoLFQIAH/KOPPro1VjR4erOP1oWFvoHxmQNcLg0yHUt8pS40BmEP5yiP8qUDrpRXx+sa6BqYlgb08Yxdkdy44jHuddc1EA2YKzzahXaTuSPp3e8a6BroGtgSDZh7lluvjuF1vbsleXTc+dLAeL0h/lznktpG8HBRvJe05qfsY3JKWvuxx2E8sJdLnvZv9mRgHDz7NnezHXHEEe1zAvyyB8PPiW+GAvfNjcuDR5VLfC27hT9JoMFoIDbqGqBLBG2g169f33wNxqJJg2OVgut7G58DOBmgwTr28s53vrPBL7jggsHlg2jcDM2q5dIOR1e4NC7WrL/6q79qpwXOP//8dsGhewlcwqHxaqTyikuDD314BR685XydJ4YNNCulW45fh3cNdA1MQwPGkUx0wnVcmUYJupTbSgPjeSDzS58jtpXGO9+ugbWjgfH4ouTGGI81t/WzDZs1d9IyP8GZRd8Q+89caCB1VOspawz+LIMzGs7eS/qmHL7aiRPW/t4QT3s0n0x76SrNvgZeZPGJgA0+B8deS7oXr17acgwM7hrIhYeXXnpp+1wcP//GYD937LHHtj0h/LTJ7BdreaWvZbfwRoJUrsakEWmMvmlhjdJgNA4NIxdpaBziTgD45iVwNL/zO78zHHXUUe0UAeOC+wzwrAYCnUJjlp9G6lMEF2/41IGxQYN2kiF4tTGmcwUWP2WY5afj4OeJ/MqWBj+LrsO6BroGFkMDjJv+seWRRx7ZcFsvg+hKxo/F0EAvxXIayPyQdMZk84In803Sut810DXQNbCaGshpXetha+k+J62mdp9/XplP1KW9k/r12G/Yf3Cp48Q3JyU8ey0vZb1IlYf9Fb7SxD3y4FwQ7wSAOcynAowGNv7CDFLkgs8xGvhXjcMPP7y9GAaz/1q39Jm4l8GRFZyrcTxq/GmMtfe78EaCGAFUrbAGpiFpKAau2rjhZGM9buAai4asMWq8Flvo/TtBXBpUfHCLdTQW8hqleBpxxRvzSHxzfnikU6QzKVfSNsejp3cNdA1MUwP6O4PnbbfdNtx6663NIOlzJ8bQPslNs063hdS1LZh/OHNdd10DXQNdA89VA8YVrq41hfPY7FkrZ/wJ/pimMek/k9BA6pDPWODJfilpCmJ+CXxTBYOnvXiJ6uQJh492M6tdmb/ywK0vRGJICF32c1762vOB420PmDAewY8PBq/GwdaiW3gjgUpV0Z40YBan8Tf7Y2NBGkgaWRo8o4DGq2NUFzyw5CNP+TBMoEMzbsTw0xDjg83KA3yWS374K5uOiVflN4uuw7oGugamrwF/xXrJJZcMPms68sgjmzHSJ1Amxu7WtgYyB2Q+Mx95zBGZi9a2hnrpuwa6Bp6rBjK+jOmzJs1LNEfGGQysUfOSbEzT4/OnAfWbuYN0wh77HU+Fwa3tYaUGAu0h+yfto4bxD8+xHMlbOhp+8oTL4c15oWtvVHkkn4aw9FPjeCXfpK9V/9mP4hdYA6nsWvFpPCl2GlfioQlefOka8tjV9JpP8EIzzifpYz/4Y/hy8QzCGnp3XQNdA2tDA4yJ/mXlnnvuaX/xc91117W/eXWRT3ddA3WxZG7waDPg3qZ0Nx0NpC4jsfgYVtOyFtgUznJp4cOfhdMNTFVDPTyrjYDlZZdNWl7MgVsjz6Lpmpw/DairjCWpN3F7HvHqtrROs2+Kj1fCeFf+s8KBjWVZjjb4NZ/In3wT7/7TGlgTRoJFrmydMoOucgrrwJ4t7bCLrKdetq6BRdSASc9CzFsaC3c3+Lrlty/iF7G2t7xM2kfmAYsgxme++aG3kS3X5/NNkbqTb+oyMHFPXODBzaJ3UzjjNDzqE178yj+8wbvrGliuHWWM8XIsL8iyNq00XYPzrYFaV/p++j9fvSY9fsaQ+S5Vl24lGuhGgpVoaY5xdEodNZbaDMa1486x+F20roGuga3QAAOB+074HAOBv2dlNOiua2CsAfNFFnB10zfG6/H50ID6yqZqOYlSn1mgL4cHHpxZdS9t/KBZDldad10DszSgHWVdqv2al5x25fradJbG5hOWvp9xo44P0ryU8Fh/qGcPF7z5LFWXaks08Ivn5reEuuNudw3olDpkOijLrUdcJ07n3u6CdgG6BroGVl0DP//5z4ef/vSnGxZg4o899li7zNAYEIv/qmfcGU5OA+YDiznzQ58bplN94wV35vTUYeJKBMaBpf+DBZ7xIPGG/MxP+MxKC8+kBbfS9/Da04D2MG4LiTMG5OZ7MHEuNPHXntamXWL1lscna57x59G9bqddx1X6biSo2phgOJO+QVjYYzDu1toJVmYXuWvgOWjAQsyGQJ/nu4/ASYKMDc+BZSdZEA3UxZq24clcIa27+dZAraNxOJuxWoIKS/8H86D3JF5xK48aDk7opNVwxe3htakB7SEu7UVcuH7eZOwJvAX6z9xrQB2mflO3eREJnnAKoo4z7gTW/WlroH9uMO362yC9DuvJQjDxDQg90DXQNbBwGtDPHffzyUHeELvI0N8iSutubWsgCztaEGZIygViWbSvbQ3Nd+nrIj11yM/nRZF+3NfVrfEg64FKW8Oz1gnhVdtO8MAqPPl3f21qIO0hbSJthza0PX9px1AArs3W9LWpsWmWOvVWfXXOIFCNAmkH0yxll3qWBvpJgllamSBM59SB66JggsXoIncNdA1sgQb0eYsvpwniGAg8xgKbwu66BmggizptJou9rpn510BdhOvTPi/Sv/2v+A477LDRpl06I+FTTz3VxgR17q+//B3qC17wgg24P/nJTxqPGBvgZQ3Bt7FjTELrb+xqmnB3XQOzNJC2kbUo4zXHWKAtSddGtengzuLTYfOjgVpPwuouJ5VjiJwfabskq62BbiRYbY1uJ34ZdOsCsHbu7SRWz7ZroGtgG2rAIt9j4aW/6/8WZvmHg24k2IbKnxhr7UM7yYmTuvmcWFHWjLjp1+qOIdDm/6GHHmqGgp122ml40YtetGGzpe/r9w8//PBw7733Du4n4Xbcccc2Lrzyla9sFxz7FMm9JQ888EC7ywQd/nmMGTZ0vjXeddddW5jBIA4+B7+7rgEaSJuo2gAz1uQJTh93qpbmO6zOMi6QVDxGAn5df/R6ne+6fK7SdSPBc9XcHNHpuOmsxDLB54hXn8jnqKK6KF0Dq6wBmwi3RuvzmcC9ZXziiSfapsK/nsRJ5/qYEI0svj+u8xgIlNwc0d18ayALcXV18803D5/97GeH66+/vm3g3/3udw+77757OyGgnu+5557hoosuGr761a+2e0mUDL0TBHvttdfwhje8YTj55JObIeG8884brrrqqkbjDhPjhMfYAN/pgX333Xc488wzh1NPPbW9OcRLPp6E61hSDRryhlfTwThwblZaS+g/k9PAcnWpTahvvjbD9fqfTvXWek298XMhZU6IpG6nU7Iu6Uo10FcJK9XUnOLpsDpybhgVZzAIfE7F7mJ1DXQNrIIGLPD197xRtBiz2Pe20LFji/0444RxoY8N0cji+3WRp7TqPk5b6W6+NWAxzgh41113DTb2n/jEJ5oBkFFw7733Ht7ylre0Pg7vlltuGS644ILh0ksvbePBIYcc0jZm999//3DdddcN3/ve95oBYP/992+b/kceeWR4/PHH24LfZwsxLrrjxHrC6QFhbSabAO1p3Ka0I7Dg0Oh4jEm7m0U/3zXQpdsaDdhEqnNtWFti7Eo7GbeRrcmn024bDaTf4p5+nzttwKwzrD9iBEqdBhdOd9PWQDcSTLv+NnRcndVbIgOwTtyPGU+8Yrv4XQMr0IBPC3xfbDHmG2XfK3P5T+oxC5O3iTyT+Ti9xxdXA1nwaQNpB4tb2sUomTrzWYCNv5MENvKc+T6fBYgbB/R9xsLDDz982HnnnYejjjqq9XPGg/PPP78ZCXyqcPDBBw8HHXTQcPrppw9PPvkk8nYSCc8bb7xx+Pa3v90+Udhvv/2GPffcs60nxuOFtUbWGNn0xehU25dwXA0H1v3F1oB5SLvQVhgIahuo4cXWwnRLp44yb2QMiFFAXL3q/xkDUqfBnW7Ju+TRQDcSRBMT9dOBYxwwEIPlWGk67USL18XuGuga2IQGfHfscWLA98M2ETYMThHYNGSyjo9VHxM2odAFTlLvHgu73gamUdE2Wffdd1979Ovddtut3TegDusbPfO/Owps/OE4LeAOAieNzj333OHqq69uxgYnB1784hcPZ5xxRvuMwLhgE2fc+M53vtM2cgyOjAhnn312MzRoK/C4GAfkz+UNonDa1NivaeETHGndLa4GnGrL6QF1nnqv89Hiln4xSlbrTH/P3sIYoB7zBG8xSt1LEQ10I0E0MVFfx2TZc9yQ78kRoN5pJ1qpXeyugRVqwIRtEfbSl760GQscLY5V3wajLsZqeIXsO9qCacCckEWdBV93860B87m7AXwO4M4BJwoeffTRDZt1dakepZ9wwgkt7DSBBfwPf/jDdvrg9ttvb2PCq171qmGXXXZpnxwoNRy0xg8XHn7hC19oBoVjjz12OOmkk1q+WUOk3VRtxWCAh/Tg1ngNo604ZI+xofLt4cXRgPo2H3lS94tTusUvSV0zqD9x/V6/ztoj9Sqtukpb4T08LQ08fZPItGTu0o40oMNaTOi0Hp1z3GFHJD3aNdA1sAAa0M8ZCC3CXvayl7Vjwr4nFs+4sFwxpXe3tjSgvWSB1+t//uve3QMveclLBhv8ffbZpxkD9e8s2G3wOfXKUOCx8fai4Pvf/367nPDKK69sY8QBBxzQLjoMDTrjhDWDzxDcWbB+/frGy2kEp5OkxckT77ShbPDrBlBajScM7okDD31g3V88DViXZpxJm63tYPFKvFglqgYA9SZu/NB3PenH4HloIHSLpY21WZp+kmDi9a7jOtLle2THBB1BrJ114sXr4ncNdA1sQgM2Az4rsHGwkRB2pNgpAm8SpefW8rDJZJ949xdbA1mU14WbcN+kzX+969fmdYaCzPXqLaeE9G8Ldc5mTBjeHXfcMZxzzjntskN3Gvh3AxcZvvrVr264GQMYAYwZThv84Ac/aEaGPfbYo32uwEARF3zx8fqCDJ6cZoxhgSxONdhUeNL+smmM3Mmj+4unAf+UoZ61DW02n8hoT2mvi1fqxSqRuuLSf9WhscG45ASSetXn05+DF3+xtLH2StONBBOvcx3RYOvmWI+wTYGO3F3XQNfAYmvAAt/jPgLfIFvom9RN3I4l870RnDVhZ1JfbA310lUNaAcedV/fKFecHp4fDdQ+6n4Bi/K8yTPXx9Cjz1dcfd69BO4rYQBwRwnfvQMMDi9/+ctbIdHfdtttww033NBeNLz1rW9t9xr4fMnCP/zr+CEvl6X6/MHnTXz/lMBQYCxinLQGcUeCMYlh4sADDxz2XLoE0X0IVc750XSXZFtoIGtSbTYGAvlkHNoWeXaeq6eBsYEgawv1aiyqBsE6RqyeBJ3T9tZANxJs7xpYhfyz4OPbFNQjXqvAvrPoGugamBMNmKTHk7G4xby3jh4L9LzVMxZU/Epfw3NSvC7GNtBArX8LdZtLde/ZnEsbiR98PPAN76SHJ3g2mRWGfnPx5BE8vrltnGfw4sOLPIHFD6+aXmEJwxeel40sWcis7Po1ufLWLnImnrLC99mBfzmwKX/FK14xXHjhhe3CQ0YClxLuuOOObczAw4b/qaeeajCbeZt68BgIohM+3saWxx57rN134K8VfdYgbtNg84CXN43ycAeCzxxcukh2pxScLhBOuYTlF/7CSeN7qkt6hfXw9tdA6jCS1DqMQVI7Tn2P6zV03Z8fDYzrKHWqrtWlsYefPhl/fkrQJdlaDXQjwdZqcA7odUybAb7B2GIig/IciNdF6BroGlgFDYwnYHETtMV8vlv2Js9bQwuxHAGWdWgz6Yt3t/gayKI8JU298y3wVupquxHWvma54EnTLtPuKm7FAU88sgUW+NgPr4ofGn7g6JJ/eNQ0MDogZ9Irn6SBxYWfeNVthUsbx8Geiwsf+s6b2Mz1NuKR0cuBu+++u2Wx9957N8MA44C/QXzd617XThh96Utfaht7cSePbOLR+fcEb/8PPfTQwUkC9FUfKSff+OLUwec///nhq1/9aqMlg5MHeDIK8BkSnGT61re+NbgT4ZJLLhnWrVvXLkR8//vfv8EQkQ0j3mOjRG1j9MCRK7JFNy2h/2x3DaReIoh4XloJp/0mvfvT0ED6WfogqdM3febsxUTiKZH+rM7HbSLp3Z+OBrqRYDp1NVPSdGATbBY7YLVDzyTswK6BroG510D6N0FnTbje3FmQm6wd7bVg9w2yN3s+PWAo6GPB3FfzNhOwLt60g5wy05ZW0i6CZ9HHVX5jWNoq31Nx0Sa/tONxPHC4XF1ohmfFSVhawk9Tbvyb9ORXU82ZFZ4wftm0hr7SJRx8sipv5IgfvOfq45n8+WQCy9H+6Njbe/984FTAa1/72rbRd0eJdG/xbdbicvTbWBE+xhAXn65b2shLj/EBTcrI+GjD766DL3/5y+3EgJMKTh8cf/zxLV8nBYxFPo1gTDj//POHyy+/fLjrrrva49MGBs13v/vd7XMEehrrOnJWnwwp61jXFa+H50MD6stjA6l+tT+POkw9zoekXYot0YC6zPihHtVx5hRx6Vyv4y3R6nzjdiPBfNfPiqWrHdQEn7cN6bQrZtQRuwa6BuZSAybkcX+2uLfQB7cg83bQG0YwizLp3JhuOVhD7j8Lp4Es2rOxn9UeZhU6dHXDbH4x33ikc5WfcOLxw3tT8eSVBWbljz5weJVPDcNLvOLNkjObTWnhXWnx4gJLOLxCAy5c8cBWw0VGvMzpnjj9O3H5Mwbce++9zX/yySeHn/3sZ+1zg+9+97sNjs5R/5w0VKd4qE9lCi94qW/hlBM/nyvccsstzUDg9ICTCv4u0acNey7dObDzzju3cQiu8cidCC5SRcOR6+abbx6OOeaY9kmEy8+UUX58OoweyZS0yNCYLP2McQPv/vbVQPoGP09dj47rcftK23PfEg2kX6aP6oPWGRk/Ki91H/wK7+HpaaAbCaZXZxtJnI6YjmoQzkDcO+pGquqRroGF0oD+ra9b6OdCM5eFOfLr78y8zbPwzxiRwqPrbm1oIHNAFnbaS9rDStrBLFwbOsYnb6+dZIGDr0WjecixYjhpe8kn8xI8LhtR6WB8b6nciF7/qQeu9PDU3m0+M+fJX7pHHvLHK5tedCkHGq7KXOPy9iY8PPmhxVPe+pVy22xbJDPKBT/ldyeAMmytUx75csonL5tz+dnw86XLyzF/m/iLLrqovcX3l4lkzKmi/fbbbzj11FPbZwX4oKNHPFxk6LGxjx6Tr3Q8Lr744uGTn/xk++cE5Xvve987/Nmf/Vn7a8bQpU7p0ecOZHCB4oc//OF2ooDefIaAH3nw9tCj9uRxAko6o4cyGtPw4qubtKOt1W2nX10NaC/qMn7C6ku70Lc56cFZXQk6t22pAXXGpf74GSvS72u91vC2lKvz3rYa6EaCbavfbc49HTGTrQzBPH0y3ebq7xl0DTxvGtDH4/RvziRtM+Rxo7knf3PmO+NsikIXv/IKrPuLp4FxPdf4SueHSkNDNnqOkvve/OGHH25tzCIxbdGG0UZdm2S8Qi9dftqjR9hG1WOjCg+NI/K+jT/ssMNaGF3o5e1NtDfjV199dbtRP/OcvPG1EbEx5hgybOrJAyZdHK64vG1O4cln3dJRe/na1DK0hQ9e6OTtrwWvvfbaYf369Y2PTas8lRUO5426t+uO4dtMb60jL33ljgG68px22mnt5BAd2JS/8Y1vbDqzmb/++uuHK664osnmjoHf+73fa2/vfYrgEwE0ZCbfwQcf3PgoOz4ZW8idurdxV3b/ZsC95jWvafnhHWMIHXL0nLBPGN7+9re3OmAUYGA54YQT2gWGxiqO3pw0+MpXvtIMCU5D0LV2pk2oCycPzjrrrGbkcFqKTpJHY9J/trsG0lbiq5/0PTDtKm0rONtd6C7AijWg7oxD6tWYp2+qx1qXcMawFWfQEedSA91IMJfVsuVCZQDmm0D53XUNdA1MWwN1Ah6XRB+3yYGTzZGJO4t26TYCceJ9Ao821pY/az5YySYrG9RoS9ym/qGHHmpvrW+99da2ybZ4lId0bRBvcRs9bU6cLz2bSG0WHI52rN3aYIN5K+6ODTRptzbzNqv+cs9G3YYVnbw5fIXlnzjeNvtg+MAnQ/pLldEm2QbaptSx+fAgA+fSPgYKxhE3+uNjo0teYX0NP8Y5G2Jv0VfD4c/ZwPvm/4gjjmhGAkaDlJ1vQ56NuDoCo1NGQ58FMBB4Mx8nndx42ng7oaAMdFMdHHcdPPjgg62ulXG33XZrdUUmLnRwI2/0Rv/+UcEpAUYCMpIdH4+7Dm688cZ2p8JNN93UPpPAJ3xjkNl9993bPyW40yB5NKT+M5caUIepYz6XNiEMVuNg3c2XBlJvpKp1pW7F9e2MQZE8dT6GJ73709LAxrPBtGTv0j6jARO0xQ9fxzSB6sB9EO5NpGtgcTQw7s81bgPF2QzZuOj/2RDN0kClnZXeYYuhgVrP2kTmhizgN1fKbCTRZk6xWXaCwGadkSAbujGv4I/h43jw5OUNso2tt/CHHHLIhg0/mrzNl69j9W7lz2JVurJy+HGJt8gmflJGvNYtnSbwltziF302o3CU2wV88mYkmZUPmLfzDAX632o6/dpbf4YUxg8GjciXenYk34kCZbD5ls4AwPBh88+QwpFTmRgWGAfwkx4DQfhFfkYHb/iViW4YCdDSGT6hi07SJqJDMhmQJukAAEAASURBVMOH62GskOa+gssuu6xdhuiCw9Al3/jq+nOf+1yjdaKAHmIMDU7350MD6tWjrfHVd8adpIGlrcyH1F2K5TQwridrDeOFRz2mTjOm4DOmWY53h8+/BrqRYP7raJMS6owG4BwTtJACc5Syu66BroHF0UAm3izM+WCMg8J1IRacbApM5HFJAwvPpHV/sTQwrt+8bd+SUuIRPnybUxfVWSR6Q5zNpfaXBWPaG99CMg4OlzZrw8mZt7RLb5htcG0Cg5u8bQp9CgDXhtmGPZ82JF/88MGfXBa0yR+fLGrhcOiEGdecXJC3Uwz0lI0vvKT7pl/5nWio/PC1gcbPm3KfTHjjvdqOTmyw64kAeURH5KADpwfy2VGVITqtNGjHG+7wi17VtTBH5+4vsOaIblvC0g+csV6kgY31AZfB54ILLmifr6gHn5v4i0Y+YwvjhFMGPkegc6c41JP81y0ZdLqbPw2k7fDVsXrVNzIXzZ/EXaLlNJC6VIfp64EZS8DFA0v/j78c3w6fjga6kWA6dbWspDpoOqWwjpv4skQ9oWuga2DuNTCrH2dCtlmyCbKZsTGwMeJsoCz6pWdhljFCeuiFu1sbGkidmxtqm9iS0muLnO/wbdb5jrHjXfnDSbvlW1yGNgtNcni0XbTCnLbrqD9jQQwI4WVR6q23DbhN4nHHHddoslgVSVgZE675g+EnP/navPDlZePtTTze1UCQ/G1y5U02fQudh5MHnvKF52h85dGQJvijfMrkyWklRgIvIWJYiH4UL/pIUemEblLvqRfp0hgBnB7xOQMcBhr3OTAUMMw4veEUBMOMz0voNHWXPLo/vxpQ3zEQ1P6izXjSLua3BF0yGhjXk7hHHzWmjt14HBin9/h0NNCNBNOpq5mS1sFWh83CKhP6TKIO7BroGpiEBupkmwV3YOI2K/q9zVUma74JXDrDQV3ET6LQXchtpgFtgcu8sZKM0t74Hm3Lxs1mOW0ufMI/NIGvxB+307R3tEkzv9lIyh+MLLNc8OPPwgHbVHrNH65N8b777tvuGliufGi45eRqiRP7SVn82wAXI2QtRvQ41kto4cJJexH2VEMm3bm34Iknnmh465ZOCjDYuCvCCY677767GRN8isJo0N38a0D9q3P9trYFko/j81+atSdhjHrp3zSgPvP4q1OXqAYv/R8+l3iL9J9JaqAbCSZZbc8KrRN6TLA6Kj8d9FmsHuoa6BqYogb05yym4uvfHm/h+Pq/tKRnHBAPLpzgCne3tjSQus/iTum1k+fiKi/tk6ttqoaDC0eYq22xtu9KBy/tucIrj8CTR9JqHsJjOFhceIiP8Wr+SeOHJgvjpOERGuFFcCmbsqbcYOotJ5cCT3mrjsDCA432F5hTATb7Ph9w+sI9Dv669aMf/Wj7/ODII49sn53k84LXv/717bSHOxa46L9F+s9caiDfrfs0JSdrtJe0ibkUugu1QQMZz9LH0/f1PS8i1Svjafr1BsKlQGgqrIenp4FuJJhenc2UWOc1aZuIdc507pnIHdg10DUwCQ3M6sf6t0dfz2JL3zdxc3UjWHEmUeAu5DbXgDY1q13Nylj70tbSztL2At8cn9CGTh6hFR7T13ykL+cqHt5c/NCM44Ev5y+HX+WFk7yzMA6dvhYXmqQFPjWf/BlDbOjFXYjojf9yDk7KHxywjFHSnH7iu8zQ6Qx3EHgr6Wj6Y489Nlx11VXt3xRuvvnmYa+99hr81aITBDlFgF/0nzy6P38aUMfmJXXv2ZKxZ/5Ks/Yk0s+49GfxwIwLqVvpwRuP6S2h/0xWA91IMNmqe1rwdE4dN52zduLAJl7MLn7XwJrWQCbpKMHk7Htd3/JacPtOOItmb2wc77SQd9rAwpu1fzwWZJwIz+4vngbSblLX4oGlvayk1OjRxYVf4jUNbJwevM35m6PbXHr4Rx74Ka+0Cp8VrzDh5Fd5BCa9utq/lsOp+FMJayfua/B5CWfc8UmATb17KWq5U6Zx+R1Jvvrqq9s/UhiL/B2jzb9LHs8+++z2+cill146MAr4xwNjl7+bvO2221qdGd/cg3HMMccMJ5988uCUgb9u7Bc0R+Pz6WsfnHnIm+d8DjtuH/MpfZcq4158GlF3+nz6vXjqMz58T3C6JqergW4kmG7dNcnTKfk6JWstC1/txBMvYhe/a2DNakBf1rfTzykCzP+NuxncEV1GgWoEELeoZkjwVo4hwWK6Tth10l+zyl2jBa9taXMqqLjCtd3UcOVTaSo84ZqOR3U1DXycR41nnqv0WxreXH74wRnLWeWoeVY84drnKt5UwnTMSOBuAPdAMEja7PkLSBcJgmfjl7JXnYLhcfvttw9///d/3/6dwFj0gQ98YPjgBz/YLnh0yeM73vGO4ZRTTmkGCMYHf63JaODvJh988MFmOGBAYDi48sorm2Hhfe9737Dn0l8rdje/GtAW0h60o/QH7WIR+sf8an51JEvdpd5wracHkp6+nzqt+KsjSeeyvTTQjQTbS/OrmG86pglc5xQ3MfPTiVcxu86qa6Br4HnSQCZbfZnTnwPzvaeH098ZCOEZBxgN4Lo53Js/3/xmMd8I+s+a0EDG/8wF2k7aj8XeSpy2FT4VHyx8Z6UHt7bdGpY+phunhwc/aYGlHIlLD7/40pYLhy5+pQdLudFXHtJqfEw3ThefqouOfXvMIODNsM8NHn744fb4y8hZ5U956Yke77333nZKgHGBEfOBBx5odGgZHeTj7gH42qXPEFyQ6LSAEwjXXHNNO7lgjHOBIaMDA+me3UgQVc+ln7pVv+raw6nn2ofmUvgu1Ia+nT7Oz7yhTtWvOLh4r9PFazTdSLAgdZrOagKuFtsFKV4vRtfAmtVAXVhZcJuMLZZ9RpCNjD7POGCShu9tnbHAjeT+X9x/pofWpA4/8TWr2DVWcO3Co949aVebU4P2tpxbyaKw0m8Of5xe4zU8S57Npc+iqbAxfZW74o3DlW658JhmKvG0EX896bi/Tw5szhkJvOX3V4XGFusP40/amPLRhVMBN95443DuuecOd955Zyu2v7h0DwFcpxGuu+664ZFHHmkGgeOPP74ZCHyKgO8b3/jG4Y477hjOOeec4WMf+1j7DIFh1OkCvLubbw2YozzaRuan+Za4S1c1kPEsvj5r7ZD1gxOL6jVjpXS4fC50lWcPT0sD3Ugwrfr6BWnTKXVSj7gJ2yaid9BfUFcHdA1MTgN10o3w+ri/D+MyaSfNpO3NH7iTBD45gD8+SZCJPXTdXzwNZH4YzwXqXvvormtgUxrI2OMfBdwDcNppp7WTBPfdd1/buNuo+0xg3bp17Z8KjDFOMdkYurfgpptuGj796U8Pl19+eXvjiB8+xx57bMN3QuCCCy5opwwYL08//fThve99b/sMYYcddmg4NiLGMxcn+sxKmxZnBO1uvjWgnjIXWZMac7JO7fPPfNddlS7ziDrT7/Rzj7tG9PWkh2Y83wTe/elpoI+y06uzjSRO59QpPTqxt0Q5ErQRco90DXQNTFIDmXSzsLLgMkGLu1TMQixpFmKO6qJxYRRDgYkcjJPeTxFMshlssdCZH0IozmWuCLz7XQOzNJD2YmPgk6WDDjqoXTjIAODY/w033NDGE6eVfI5gLGIkMO74pOCKK65oJw6cPtDmnERwaaHPCPIGkqHB5wPGJMYInx0cfvjhDRfMCQQnF+BZ15DDSQNGg+7mWwPqK3MXSWOYTLuab+m7dFUDqTP1Kaxvqk9P6jg4/KxHKo8enp4GupFgenW2kcTpiDEKmMwzEG+E2CNdA10Dk9OAyTYTcBXekVs3gPucwOI8FxfCZ+G3gDYOPProo+2NHoOCBXzevs3iWfn38GJoYLl61k483XUNbEoDtf0YZ97+9re3scUlhhdeeOFw0UUXtVMCO+20UxtfjDGc8YnhwCkmBk2fPx166KHDWWedNbzrXe9qRgLtb9dddx0OOeSQxoNR4eKLL26nD/wlojHNRgQfdxnguW7pxIJPEPDxyUJ3860B9af+rU8z5mhTtV3Ndwm6dNGAOlOH6tTJRC8eqoEAXuq212+0Nn2/GwmmX4etBFnw6ZwxHCxI0XoxugbWrAbGk236uTd1FuAuEbNgZxjIBC3sgjELM0YCFxdyMR6a5Md816yCF7zgqee0mxqPYXnBVdCLtxUaMFZkPWH8cE+AfyJwIsC489WvfrWNQ+4UcE+A9qWtwdW+fDJw4IEHDieccMLwtre9rX1mkM0/XAYCnxP4dOqLX/zicNddd7Xxyj8ZcOHjpNSJJ57YDAxnnnlm++vEyLUVxeuk21gD2o+61RZqfWUc2sbZd/ZbqQF9WV2lvuKHbQxAGSfG6cHr/nQ10I0E0627jSTXOXVonVaH5dLBN0Lska6BroHJaiCTMCu+zwgYCyyyLbyT5rQAGGu/EwQ5ppt0vqePD5NtBlstuLrPPLHVzDqDhdVANnbai4cztuy59K8CNv7e7q9fv779zaqxBo5xxxjkcwJ/b+jTgaOOOmo47LDDGgyPjEHaoFMILix0YoDhgVFTGC94DAUuOzz55JOH4447bnDKAO/u5l8DdZ5Rj+LdTUcDqa/0RZLrs+LGhuw3xngVfzql7ZLO0kA3EszSygRhGYyz8DMgd9c10DUwfQ3MmnBjJPC5gaO8Fu5xFtA+N3CawCcJWcSHTyb04Hd/cTWQOh+XUBvIBnCc1uNdA9GA9sNpL1lTOKm03377Dbvttls7+u8zAXcUMEYalxgJGC19euATBacP/KUh+pxewU8YzGmDN7zhDc2IkL9XZCTAK6einFxYt/SpAYMCt1y7bon9Z240kLnJWKO+sz4lYB9/5qaaViyIfpd61IfzrJhBR5ycBrqRYHJVtrzAOrDHxJsJfXnsntI10DUwNQ1kkeWtnQW1CZuBwGLMhJ3Fs0sKLb6dNvA9L3zp6C3Ogje18nd5t0wDqWd1z4lz4n2OaKroP5vQQNoNlIwdQWeE9NjAa1fGIht7YW0rhktvG8Wlp80FBy/pcJ0icEeBv1qUV3jlEla46KpMYN3NrwYYjNRXDALxM4/Nr+RdMhoY9zd1mUdd+gwonzqONTamHaf3+DQ00I0E06inFUmZzgtZB+2ua6BrYPoa0K8z4aaP+8zAt54esCy+U1qTtyO/FmMex4K5LNKC1/3F1sC4vrWjtKVacm2ou+lqYFadKs0YLs6tpL7HtOO21Bg984Of8cZTnbEnsDpGJX95JD0weJ76SUHkDm+4Y/kqTk2veMuFw7f7q68B7abWTeog/urn2DmulgbSJ1NX+rO+aX3B5XODcX6hG8N7fHoa+OXpidwlXk4DOmYmRzi9oy6nqQ7vGpiWBtKXTdbezvhu1ykBm3+nCBzvtRiDx7Lv7RvfhA6XUSHORF/HicC7v7ga0G44bSSLdgu87uZbA96+j13qElxfzgJ+Fl4dN6SLByZeeQmHX3D5W+O0tTj8a37gkSV5B3fsR+7gh7byG+MEN354hmYMT3r3V08D5h9tyliTtpx6Wr1cOqdtrYHaV4RTl+m3/DxkqeFtLVvnv2018OwIvm3z6dy3oQZ0yOp6B63a6OGugelqIH05fTwLLIYC3wA7pusZL8bBHAXm3FvAUGCxxtUJvwH6z0JrIG1HIVP3aVcLXfAFKJxNFqe+9N/04RQt40His+o6abP8tAdpwsaRCptFsyWwyEyuWbKmHSbv8AbPRiSw+OEpjg4uGJ8Lz7GupEWG4IB1t+00wDjgs5G8cU4dyVFddDcNDaSu4qtPdSmeMUM46UpVw9MoZZdylga6kWCWViYEq4MusTOBzpogJ1SsLmrXQNfADA1k4rWA9liAcen3wnAc4TV5Zxxw4oCxIOkt0H/WhAa0h9putIm0kTWhgAUopPrSn7MgV6Qs0mvxUs8VNsYTH68bKn7CFWelNKGNP5Y5cH5kjT9Oi4GkwoXDM3D0ecAShpcyjOUPTnh0f9towBxF9+rS5yP0zqVetk2uneu20IA6S7+J0Yefx7ySek09bws5Os/nVwPdSPD86nvVc5vVGdNRVz2zzrBroGvgedVAJuX0cxOxewhs+J0m0Nf9k8GOO+64YQFGwJwwYCxAw0gAv0/kz2v1zW1maVdzK2AXrGlgU3N5xgQ4FS/xwCoepql7Y0F18Dc3PoRnpdtUuPILXuUR2Wqa9DyB88ewGq98wOMCjx84v+JVeA+vngZi0Mmnb+HcdR9NTM+v/c6njuo2LyXUN1dxplfCLnHVQDcSVG1MNFwnQGEdtcImWqwudtfAmtfAeDGlX7Pc2/RbgHtD4xIhj7TgMxLsscce7a4C/2zgTgJp9e3amlfuGlJA2kUW7eLLHedeQ2qZ+6IuN4+rv9RpcGoczFMNAeLBUfAs6IXBpWftID6mhcdVHk9Dlv8Nv4ohn7ELT2n1GeONacfxlCN04uENVstU4cHv/uprgJ7pPacK5DCut9XPtXNcbQ2kztSnsMeLh5wqAK99KvirLUfn9/xqoBsJnl99b9Pc0kHrQnCbZtiZdw10DWxTDWTiTd828VpsOU0QB5YFv3AmbYaDl7zkJc2Q4P4ChgUuuKHv/trRQG1PdcO0djQwrZKm31epwfRzT5xw6jYw48S4r4/xxjShhYdWG4kMYHmCt1J/nI/4mDdewUueiUuTNxeY+LgNBwee8ouHl7AyJT7WDZruVlcDdJ16TlgOtZ5WN8fObTU1kL4SH2/1qe+kPwknnnqNv5qydF7bRwMb/1/N9pGh57oVGkjn5SfcO+hWKLSTdg3MkQaykE3fJhrrvQ0/YwB4JmiLYicL6l+K+Q9z6e4ueOqpp4add9654aDr48QcVfQ2FiV1bYGnnfT638YKXyX2qTdGwR/84Aft0ZcZAF/0ohcNL3/5y9tx34wBwYeTC0tzF4lPkhgNHQ/mahsQ/slPfjL88Ic/HJw8Mob4x5Rddtllw/jyXItU89H+nGr68Y9/vOF0k3KQa3waSn7Kgz48jH3kw4eMjjvDSbnhad/K7HniiSda2ste9rLBWIim4ib8XMvW6TatgdxF4D4C4ehbPXGJb5pLT93eGkj/4+t76pJLHMwYFD/421vunv/Wa6AbCbZeh9uVg0FWh6yDsM7aO+l2rZaeedfAqmog/ZzvVIANA+ezAot5i1993sPBe+lLX9oWxhbW/t3AJsBmA37l1wj6z0JqoM4DWdyBZVO5kIWeWKHGC+taZ8KMe9dff/1w0UUXDTfccEPr/4wDhx566HDaaacNhx9++EZ3ktgc33///cPVV189fPvb3x7uu+++tpl+zWteM7zpTW9q+AwFyddYYNN+8cUXD5dccslw9913t3tODjrooOGoo44ajj766BZPu4l60aP1hJe0Kn/ggT3yyCMtD/k8+OCDjfbggw8ezjzzzOH4449vY1PWL6HBn2P4sOm/9tprh8cee2zYb7/9fqHsxkZpyv6tb31rePzxx9sYecQRRwwnnXRSwzdmcuHbIv3nOWlAHXFVl2kXMVhL097gqtvgh7YB+s9cakDdpd744nXuAEs9xk9Bgp9496epgW4kmGa9bSS1zujNoklUJ7Zh8HTXNdA1sDgayIRt028hpt/b8Hub5u1ZnbyVWjzp8NFx+HS39jSgPXi0m7SftaeF+SuxOqmuLq6FH3744eHKK68cLr300uG2225rhj5/b+qNvNMBO+2007DDDju0unW6yEaaMSEb5UcffbSNEdYIe++99/CqV72q0WSNwHDIkMAQIY/169c34+KTTz7Z2gljI4OBN/1cxprITcaEpWd8CRy+DaP1CQPEFVdc0crz0EMPtc0jI4i3/Lvtttuw//77b2ijaasZ9/iMH3ShjHiSC1wefIbQG2+8cbjgggta+X/0ox81YynDCR25p4W+4HJV7gboP1ukgegRkfrmwPLktJu6lx6c4DWC/jMpDajb1KM+6Ek/qu1hUoXqwi6rgb6TXFY100jQWXVQJwlsCITrUeTeaadRj13KroFZGtC/ax+2GLbg0t+9nXFU14YhkzQeofHG7JWvfGU7RYDGuJDJHV7lK97d4mlgXMfiaQO1zSxeyadRovTVWdLqrwwEX/7yl4dPfvKTw/e+971m/GcYsLF2skC6zbt+7l9ObKK/9KUvDZ/4xCfaZjn1L5/zzz9/sGlmLHznO9/Zxg753nnnncOnPvWp4Z//+Z8HG3djjDfy3//+99uGnsHh7LPPHk4++eSNPleKzGlPeYOcdpW2ljUJI4R8PvvZz7bNvPHJ5v2qq65q+d5zzz3DH/7hHw6vfe1r21omfOVDZumf+9znhs985jOt/MZApygYMYyFPpWgq4985CPNSIKODE5J0J2y0dEpp5zSPqOQ3t3WaSB1jov6St2PuWrLMUymXaRtjnF7fP41kL7JCGS8ULfqHjz1Gn/+S9Ml3JQGupFgU9qZQJqOqKP6Ti8d1psB4d5JJ1CBXcSugU1oYNyHTcZ5K6OPs+JbbFe8TNQvfOEL2wJaei4utLDmgrOJrHvSAmkgizoLOs6CTtvpbvtqIP029UOabLR8UvTxj398+PznP9821W984xvb8X/3ijiqf8011zSfsQDM5vo73/lOMwbY+O+7777tTfsBBxzQ1gc33XRTMxLYlNtc+/zAeGLzjpdx4tRTTx322muvFmYkcBrhm9/8ZjuJ4A28McVD7owhjvffeuut7YSDPNetW9fwjU9OK9gg4vMP//APzSDgfoA3v/nN7XMB+TNCXHbZZcM555zTeIL5xMHGnzPe3XHHHc1AAMcnC3FejGjH8nJKIZ9kyOOEE04Y9txzz3biAn9y+gTBpxoMLcbC3geiyefmawdpw/G1C3Wo3ulXe84pNrmk7Ty3HDvV862B1GvyrfWnD+njGbOC0/3F0UA3EixAXeq06bgGZy5xfnddA10D09aAzV0WXFmE6euzNnvp8z5DsHlw2sCdBN60WXBn8T1tjXTpV6KBbOTgai91flgJfcd5fjSQPpv6Uk/estv4OvZv881IYOPr5ACjn37t1IA37D5DWLe0OUeD1rH64447rm22GQNsoo0F5557bnujbtMmTy8UnC5At/vuuw9nnHHGcOSRR7bTSXfddVfDufDCC9ubeIYJ9yA4uUROzriEh/yNL+A27q9+9as3fPJozLGx9zYfLgPAb//2b7cyyZdcDBLSGQzcHXDYYYe1Tbw8lNXnEAwfdEFuY1hkMAYa3+C4g8BnBe43eNvb3jYceOCB7dQBmX2mcO+99zZ9vf71r+8GAsrdRk7deLRFvjpTT30zuY0U/jywzRjFT98TDvx5EKFnsR000I0E20Hpq5mlQdjmwcIhmwibA9a9DM6rmV/n1TXQNfD8a8DiSn+2KM+pIYthb8y8AeQycUc6Y8K6pY2DBbgFtjeTFuV5Exi87i++BrKYi2/esHHsbvtrQF1k85Q5W9zG1qV+PiU45phj2ikC9wnE2Xzfcsst7e28CwrhwP/gBz/YxgnhQw45pL3Vl4ex42tf+1r7RME4wNl0e8Muzcb5j//4j9vpI3GbeRv+Bx54oOE5ccBI4Hh/5LXmcD/A5Zdf3vgYk4w5KYc8jEOMFicvfa4A7pJC4dyJYDw677zzmpGAUcTjEwG8OKcI8Nd2nYr47ne/29ouGbRhPMlIB4wQJ5544vD7v//77ZMKayFld8kho4q7Cpy2IDNDRnerrwH1pG69ZWaM0paE02bkqM66m6YG1K8+xel/HnHw9Hvh7hZDA91IMPF6NPDqmBYMJkhhVnaTd++oE6/cLn7XwDMayMSsn3vz5+2axTUjQU4GBCeLMen+WoxvoWbBZvGWcSETelfy4mogda2E2kXahrrvbvtrYFwPqR+S2Yz/5V/+Zeu3mdMjsTfnNtP69LqlTfk+++zTjAku8mMcUO946ffrly4itLH2Jt0aweWFxoU4PPA3Tlg3cJEDzNF8R8eNO04EMFSQOxt0JwCcJLDxlr/PFRg4POht1BkwnFCwmcA7BgIGT/coMFZwNu7oGQjwl5/LFBkKGC1OXjIufOxjH2sbfYaO3MOE3v0MygXPyQv5cvJjpHAxIp7KMtZ7Q+w/W6yBOr6EOLqVpj2pc762yElP+wpN96ejAfVa61hdjutT+qy2MZ1SdkmjgW4kiCYm7OuQJnlvFHXWGAxM0N11DXQNTFcD+nYmXH07BgGLXQttMOEsvjMxZ0zIItrmIIs1aVxwp6udLvlKNFDrO3XOHy/sVsKr46yuBtRD6iT9PPWVt+D6vA2W+ko/d3Gho/WMBTa/NsXZ+Ne6tXlmHPD4fAA9fGsF+eCZdQJ+PhlwuZ80G3j/jADOKOnfFMA8DAKMFGRjIHBKiUxOLZHDBl4+/rWAUcI4lLKmvDSJzmcM5ELn8wD3CJBP2ZyU8BmBN9EMorvsskvLk2EDH350QkfGRMYJ9ODJMwaDvEipMqxuja4tbmmrSj3Wqbh6SB2Yp2bhNWD/mYwGaj3rf+o141MKUXEC6/40NdCNBNOstw1SZ6LXUXVY8Tpwb0Dsga6BroHJaSALLAtezkLd33xZfFmAW9B7S1M3EFkcg7tszAI5E3nSJqeILvBz1kAWbOaFzBHaRuAYS6vxZLYcXLq21A0N0dTGR6hn6fJZzF8MVV2iHffTvIl1DN939S4CtPHnHK9/17ve1b7tV1+pEwt39xU4hu/CPht+3//bsOdEkc23kwLys9l3SaJPFPDwZt4dBjb+ORlANgYCJxO84Wc8YHxgjJCfCwyNUY7/u+PA5wnGKGG0KZv84LgU0acEDARHHHHE8N73vrd9VoGXSwj9E4Kxy0WHPodAY6NPH8oRAwrDBbhyKY9PHDj5pQ373CD4YBw5yBsjasbRlvjMD5r0G3yNvfKJwyN00X3SttQPry2l21749Dt20bmyeNLW6CZ1gaaGxzx6fL40UOtKX0k7t7bQP8RT75G80gTW/elp4NmRbnqyd4mXNJBBOn6UMo4H3v2uga6B6Wkgk7JTQowEJmBv6tzUnbdk6fN8jwVa7i2IocCCu0/e06v/1ZI47SgL+M3xTZuCp92k7YCH1+Z4LHI6fcRVXYFFV0mf5QeHLsOr6jY6tmn2Rt+dAh/96EeH22+/vb1xf8973tMu+mMMjAsfG2nf8H/oQx9qm+yLL754+PrXv97uMHAxICOj8cPmnIGAIcHGX5427dIZAWyufWJgg2zD5+TBrrvu2k4IOAlg08AYwYBhg25c8vhswH0K2bBrcymb/D796U+3fzVw/P/d7353MxD4LMApBIaNb3zjG8PNN9/c/rLQJYxOS/j8AL5xjJ/NPWOHMY68HuNkdBe9MCTY7Me4QE/i7lpwT4GTC3iCZWMb4ypchhLGDjJ6lC0bJHmk/uEqa+oUPGmRhR99CCd9LLO0KbvUj3J5Uk5lquEpl3GRZdeW1VPqSjyPcutn+oi2bLzhpMcPXQP0n0lqoBsJJllts4XWIXXQDMizsTq0a6BrYGoayKLTAjZvviyKLeAzEaf/17jFs8UtWBbXUyt7l3frNZCFWxbq2tNKHLranoTRBp60lfDaFjgp13K8t7V8lX9kCSz+crIFHl2Kj8Pi6kzfdfT+kksuGfyVoQ2tjbO/PcxbeoaELNTD26bdm3ybdjycQLDRtqk3jhg/3APgHgMbd/cDZOHPUMCIYCOMh42zsE22Y/9OCTAMKKe/VWS8BM8nA3sufTYgX+OUckQ2svsXA3+76FMChgwPQ4TxysbSpwzuOnAPQgyjcJ1qsNmXp5MRLl2UhzZJPrqqG3twuB6ye8gCB0z6Qw891PSCFx3Jn6xw0l/EGTvkxVih3NJiKMBHPPWXssojThoXGPy40IkLe2p68Kbmm6+UhT6ik5QxephamdaSvLVdptzapbpLGxVOXcaHW8Oh7f70NNCNBNOrs01KnE69CBPMJgvaE7sG1oAG0p9NuBaiNgJ8jzQLr/FknAUr9UizeLbwzVsdsPBdAyrsRXxGA+pde8ncMG43sxQVnNpeQj8L//mGRb7nO9/kp6+RIU/gK/XR0W1cdBt9S7dx9ab7i1/8YvvLQ2/aGQi8fT/22GPbaSFyqFt0xojw4YszBtjU77///u3TAMf2/eMJuDsD/CUhet/9+5zARYinnXZaGzOcPrBZl85A4EJFJwmcFLCRdrLgsssuaz6jBTqfLOBFfi7lcW/BJUuGjk984hPt1IK/Z1QOnxI4xs8xNpCNQUBZGTaMXfJ2gaHPLeR73XXXtdMG4Nm0y48ulJkjM0eHjAs5IZB0dPLy2QMjQdysesGXY/RQvre85S3DH/3RHw3rli6OjMNXnil34Mv50Uvy4+dZjmZKcO2PPtIelbe76Wig1lvaZYxx6jJ1K41L/SY+nZJ2SZfTQDcSLKeZDu8a6BroGpgTDWSCtjj2mKgtVr15y0QeUTNB85Nu8s4iN3hgwQ2s+4upgdRzfKXMgm5LShya+OO2tyW8FgG3lj86qeWq+q7wWWH08OPD8bbfJtlG3dt1m2oGgpNOOmk4/vjjN/xNIDlsruHm8kBGAW/1s1G2CXeywLjh7bxNszHBfQJojzrqqPbpgfydPnKSwOY5pwu8SWdUyLhjbOGcHmA4MC75REGcHxe9uKDQJw0MCvI//fTT210K73znOxt+xrWcblBWpwXIzbiAfv3SPzVkI+5EQu5CYKjwwHECwSbe6QR68TAASEMjDpdceOHhwkbOSQP5Kw/jQ8Zbb8QZKuD7xMInCk5k0NvZZ5/d8qJb4zIHP/pJ+dMWxD2JN4IZP+qGrFN2MZikzMqyuXJPubxrTXZtNHWbeo2/1nSxqOXtRoIFq1kdVKcdbwgWrJi9OF0Da0IDsyZcC2zOIt7C1MKWm7XwtFi1sM1iWZibxbcl9J+F1oD6rwu7zRU2bSrtZexL35QL/qZw5jltS8r3XMsauvjRubffjth7Y+7bfH358MMPb8YBG+Bs/sHR+BbfZwQ29vnEyGY3x/FdRGgzLB/jhjf9NrVo8HevgVMFPi3QRmzQbbhtzPEx3rjjRF7akfzh2Uz7LMEm2oa+jkfS4ZHN5xI+S3CfAkODUxAMAejhkQVvY9WeS58q2LwzNjBOgNngG/ts+OXPGOG4vzzF4bpE0UkDJw7222+/dncAOnFGArIwEOSzAzKTjTFAHnTgrxqdkkie9EUuecNlhMGPkYDxBg390Gn0EgOBtp16TTsXH8OSJp+kyX8RnLqlFy5lW4RyrYUyqDvtMPWmfeor4GD6kydtNXjS4Urrbtoa6EaCadffRtJngtFBPd11DXQNLIYGsvhUGpsHfd3C3AI1i/JM0CmxMSATOhxxb77A8sYruN1ffA1oM9oRvy78NlXy2qa0nywG0Yzjs/jIa1u6Kt+sfLY2/5XyD17NL7BZclUYGrjBj2+z++EPf7h9ZmBD6pt9nwHYCNvY5221N9/rlo68MwaAuVvAJta/H5xxxhlt06ve3WXgnwTgO2WAlw26Tw8uuOCCtqA/6KCD2ubbBt2pBG/9fWrwute9bnDZoQv7MnaQW3vw6YF/V2CAYLywWY8ebBJcuMhw8Y//+I9NJicYfNfvbT/+ZMLHGGWz7ZMIxgNlijNmOVVxydKnCgwnDBjuUoBrQ08m4yIjhI074wbDh9MR8r/iiisaDXzlYKSQJ5+RAT3/mGOOGf70T/+04dAlwwBDgk0/44ITDeT9l3/5l3Yqgq4/9alPNbljKIjMdBAdgUUnqV9xYXVDFmGw9Kukh98UfWVQdxl3UoZFKFvKssh+2moto/aZ+tM/9BP1Ww0C2nN3i6GBbiSYeD2ms/KrG8drWg93DXQNTEMDmXxNwCZnCy6LVpOwxXjewikNnPR7k3tdBFsMm9Atci3S86ZxGlroUq6GBrQNbUjbsCmqi7rl+GfDIj0LP4tC7cgjvCk3a5G5KfwtTUt7X45ua/PfHH/5Jg+6olNvvr2NtxmPzpaTD1we4ZGwvspI4Hg+A4H68kbcJtnGOmOBjbVNuqP773//+9spA5cCOjXgjbcNvo2zDTQDIfwzzzxzOPXUU9vJAHzypv7GG29s+RlTOPnLl6Hhfe97X7skUTxGxsjMWMlIgJfxyoY645axxsmBa6+9tv1torixyF0A5513XtOXewfwtUlnOHBHAQPAuiUjQfRBHjy9yWcUoGeGDkYJupanzf/RRx/djCHrl04/+PtE/9aAB8MCwwQ9+ctIMnBktvlXV3TjdAJjiw2/upNe61BZnaZgsKAfn4AwyLiEMYYUnyMwmMjD6QvlIl/0lXyN43CVS/7KIa/gxW+CTvSH7j306Imr9RpY9+dPA2mDqS/xPKTVxrXtzCXBk1bD4t1NUwPdSDDNettIap2R03mFE98IqUe6BroGJqeBTL5ZdFtoWfBbqJucTdJgwpmUx/3f4pdRANwi3QbEWIGuLoAnp5wu8Io1oO7Vtfakrdjk1HaiPWzOwfdoP45u24wyFIhrY5z2JQ/tElw7FcZfnIOLT97QimvTDA7ZsOKDxgZL24drIwk3fKVxcJWppgmnnHBsfOVpQwqOFk95Cs+Sj0xwPcFVFnokQ/SpjP8/e3f2tVtWFfb/GRm/m2SMaBqV2ARPEUQQaSwapbWoKIU0aoINRmOTjBG9SS68y7+QC3ORzm4MNRlRIk0UlBKxQCAoFo00hSAUUIiAkIbExOHt7/3s4ntYbJ63OadO1Xn28641xn5WN9dcc801VzPnWns/HPza7t8GnIRTZimg5zl1Kzv6cCrr5J5yr+0UzsasfE/KNVj0uH7vI4Da6YN8wWs/2r1OQJGOLmUoxBRsirtbBfCixU0DSvPznve85TYC5ZhrTqpdcHD8wiOMvlDflROlHw34bT4Cg6/S9AM6PNK1ixt5Ajd68BYtbgVQ2nPSfDjR9xoo7nigHvKhT7xGoEw3HeDm8F5/8tWh7vLyq4MPpxtceIpXnDrIi3HFOIP32u2VB7czxvbUJ4w+DCj3nRg0GDzIi/YHm0wsFRz4D1q5+MXXj/hp/GhzMPH5wJs0yfscB9ZyqD/1rz71mJ9zweaXPv3tcmAaCbbbdwvlBqsB2WNSbnKeA3XjnTvJnxz4HAeMaa6NqLHt9MnG2Gb0NAfOptPCTtmgBNxy8r7v+OXx08rO9OPlALmwwTvPWU+4jFTWG8qXk1nvmDt9lpcMkk+yKi6d8kTxrxxc4uqHB1xKOPgUf0qbMhSxFHR5ZBlOyhnFE4zTZXXCKx0N4JSltHEjffLEKaZwhwc9XPQpW53oGdupbAqldPVKo/BSYr2f7oQ/ZXxBfMqPNuCHJ4cGJ98/+ZM/udwKSMlSB34Fry3mAcYBc4HT6B/+4R9eFHsfHPSvCMa9MgwOcFKYwebQ6/TcNwIoreDhoUw72Yd7bIe6o5l/lsM/xgb/nnDrrbcufaWMJwVbeTxUhzrROdJXHXwfYvzxH//xq399yGigbfiDDy960YuWE30n/F7LYPjQFu1jIIBbH3EpOOjQprGPxzrjtTR9Ds4rDOQwWTefaqsbHK961at2r3zlKxcZe/GLX7y0BQ/g4eAQdkPEKxj33HPPclvje7/3exfZgVNd0bAUOvAftNa+SBUnn9q7pbZE//T3c0C/Jp/GbXNTaUrN/t7Puy2mTiPBFnttoNkANQk3ETdRFx9AZ3ByYHJgoxxoYbYo26RyFAmb6fWCXFwZj02xDbS/NvOf4K64OlEMbqMsmWRfAwfGviYT1g3PRZ3yyROZo1B6R/6FL3zhsvaQMcpNyrNw9Qhz1Wdt4shya5cweEoFR3FTp3zl5K3j4ZE/5omHt7JrvOLq9JQHlgsvGtAeDfJGWHVycHDxh1LKQOBU+KIOLuWrWzkKMFy1r3pGGGHKKT8clGaKPYWbUYDxQxpFNmPJiFObnIyry/V9hhMGFv2cQl3b1FG7889qIxj1wu1EPR4rA2dOGK/R4hGOxuoBgy6GAqfu2p1sgZGvnV5VYBTwkUeGHjDmv25TwRsPhfWzuLLVG13RG7w+cFOgf5EQ19fqUq9vOfiwom8iMHoIGxMcGsGHyzzudRAGDQYM8dpT/Vvy66eR5oumjWVm+LA5YEw0Lhqv9XO+fOHih92iSd1ZHJhGgrO4s4G8Fpz8BnCDeANNmCRODkwOXJADxrWNpsXXhrlNvw3yekGWZhG3+fUo59TVSWuLePPGBaufYEfAAXJxUZdcJSdkjCw97GEPW66/d2ovjSNXlRFWjs+FY4wHG03wC5euXIoTZY4j01yGhPLJNyeufPWEK9xgCvOD20dfeeEFz4VTvkd65YWjaQG+4M+IW1u0kyGw9BGNOqsvWuSDVVb95ob+xUB6PFGusvESPgYB/SocTriU9VSm9gYz0rUOB4MWjzgH3+jW6eLVF1xl4EF3+bUXHNo4+V7PYBwAF2xtWYBOfsKlHGXezQPGVHxQxm2B6gVj/nzf+963fI9AvRwjiIdRRT7ay6teafCMchFdaDV+xrwF8UZ/6ku+MTrKkCbFi40271KSXZ/xjQO+h2HLUx9LI8fJ/aVk1pE1ehoJNt6hLYoWOGELjsW+TdvGmzfJnxy41Byw6LaxFbbpapynQEjf55STZy4wJ9jw+qBWV7DnQr6Pa8eVlvyM/mnysq/lKUg2geRFPLlJrioX3sqUnn9efnCjr4wHTgodR/7HeDDli4MZla5whHsdly6NW9O/hl3Hl0IP4GeNT/3xOFq0pzRVjWHxsX9qN7zCcAhzlYOvesf6wKzj0ipfmeD4Z7noD2aMr3GhiRthtKv2jG2sHeD3heE2V9oPjfhqR+XgBMM3P3rd4s4771xuCzCAecyzcJk7fWvAxyTdFIDXbZo77rhj+d6Bmw2cdGMDXcIjfQvAyY+2MijwyS14YU/0jvyp3Nb81it9GB9q39baclnp1V/juEkupZNdT2P0svLomNs9jQQb790mXgtdC6IFr8m5/I03c5I/OXApOdCGqkXaYtxjvBvfLdoYFJxylXWi5uqzOcG7tD6YJSx/zg+XR6zIRvKh1cnHWRxItsZNIEWG3Izlwz2mrfGellcdwY9xZdbl1jK7hhEf6d2HV9pYz2nhyu7zK8P3rOkqf1/ZMW2EKxyu0+LKG8PgPLU3+PDjxTpNXviDG/34rZwn2H14xnJnhcO17qsRp3rEuWiobmljG8HJG5VqMPY+HFiKN5e8LpGTn3BLBxdN4v4m0k0CrxA4ePGYZ52Wem3Dq1o+1umGgo8S+ubA85///OX1BvjhYmyonHhtWreV8UGafoSfH2y4+Ft2tRmf68vSttyuy0L7uq/Is77sYUQju42x4MW5+vyy8OsY2zmNBBvv1QZng7EFp/SNN2+SPzlw6Tlg4fUY4222LNaNeeHRreNuETjlspjbwNrsrmHG8jM8ORAHkhPyx4mXxm9TOKaDk24NIq9j2fL4Ix7xXOni4zpGAZSX3Msb61WPZ8wvDK78sUx18KVzwVV2SRx+ggvniK+yY9pQ9IuC4MNXZm2ufaWPuKVRXnOVWeMqX1mOX7sqs4YJB79ypYWjMmN6aft8cGtYuEsrXDwc4vL0fe0tDUxtkZ/iUtlwFuePacrigT2TsvBS7hlS4ZOXsg9WmOHB9x58f8BfHvo3BR+ClA53yr664K0O8doGr7D2gKFoqc+JrLmag4urzBLZyA+aR/pHno9tWqdvpHmTzBMOjH08MiR5bVyOeTO8TQ58fpXZJv2XnuoGo8XG0+JmIZpucmByYNscaCPV4muM26zaTPomwbgZ09LghOV5bGC9L8v92Z/92fL3dV45cMNguuPmQPKQf62tHeUvWQvHOi59hKd4WYdao4KPlpSl4mN+4bEsfJxy8otb8+AAyw9vZZdCJz9jXmkjfcJc5cITfZXJR0N5wp5oCOY8fywvXFy54tFYXJ42a786uWguLm2NS9rolBnbOMIHF15xuKOhcHBn+dGk7BgOt7QRX+2Fs3AGgspX1nwob+SFcmNbglW2cHjxsUe+bxH4KKdbAtK9EgCXuVZZ86jvD/iopI8VXrly5Wrd4NADN3qiSbqnNsIDhkEBjDxztDldXm2UfgxOe7TXEw/WfXQM7TzmNtRv9aG48UFmyW7jaoQr7Zj5chnaNo0EG+9lg9Zg9FgsDVqPxWe6yYHJgePgQIuvL48L24y2+TytheVbxBkELOq+vu1xm2AaCU7j3HGlkxcuebBmcOQil3wVzx8VlcJrP1h+eaWNG8Wz8tZl17BjfMSp3HqtW+dHC3+dN8bH8D7YEY/wSJPwGF/DnhcfyxbOX9MFV20OJvzruPQxbQzL24db+j43lh3D+2DHtBF2DAcjbUwfaRrD4Ec48YwH+/LWsGM8vHzp9kz+/cBfNf7zf/7Pl395ME4YZI2NxtD4/nVlq9v8ypjgY5HCnrHOcYwJG3/o72G4NS+jgxvhl4QD/DmPRnIKxrqFnyM/DrA5k6QVB+rfcbwk9/rW+Gg9CXaFYkY3zoFpJNh4BzZ4KQ0eA1Va6Rtv3iR/cuBSc6BNVb6NpzFugS7tLAaB9VdcNsFeNXAy5nqruWK64+dAGzc+R2YoJeSnzd3xc2G2cHJgPweMAXsl48O4cEvA91uEOUYBTr5n376qvMZUr3MxAmQo4MvPCTMKZPSVD7fxmTJ9kfk9fIfsa0dPdOIZdyxtrF3H5q/7R79JI6PCGbpqd+NpXa786W+PA/f/YfH26J4Uf44DTbYGq0XG5t/CM5WAKSKTA8fBAWPceLYA95Egm1hW/POcxdpG1zVZp1zwfPKTn9x96lOfulD58/DP/O1woLWCgkIuKCbTTQ5cZg4YB8YFwykDKgXfHNtYiTfgTjMQyDM3c+Zl338x58IFr7TwgTPu7NHMwf5y0ZzctwyMzYwF1b1lX9vxwpORJF7h23SHzYGxj5Lh5F2c3HbbRnpjRF7wh93CSd15HJhGgvM4tJF8C49BaZA2Gc9BupHOm2RODpzBAYtvRgF/w2Uza9PlhsBFnSusX/qlX7qA+0K3L3jbqE53OTjQZs+akKIyjQSXo+9nK8/ngPnUQQuF3dN4MVaMmR6YCvNz4MXtv+ARZiQwx0ozf3PgxP2V4l133bX8lSJFS34wI97wb9XPIKlNGQfiw1bbdNnort/0IflN1sXdUCS30rhgg7tsvDrG9k4jwRH2aotMA/cImzibNDlwKTjQoquxbbRsQtuIXoQJNqUWcxvhXKdZxad//BxoPSBTZIlcTDc5cJk5YB5sPODDqNw0Rkpr/Ixx4REODuNKGuefEnwsNqcuht6777579853vnP5O1rwFK3KVTa/slv08ddJM2NJN9+ad8a1bYttu2w0J/+1u3Ewymkw+cFOf7scmN8k2G7fLZQ3GLPYmnhZwucEvPGOneRPDpxwwPi2CHs6lXIrwHh3lfWizhVYhgLuz//8z3ef/exnl5Mu7+BOd7k4QJbIVSeXl6v1s7WTA5/nAGOrudRpPoXW2EiJbW/1eej7DbXizcujL/2v//W/vnz08BGPeMRyW+D1r3/98peJ//t//+/F9x2Cd7zjHbuXvvSlu7e//e2KLM6eTf3cWfUvABv66So6HntGt4+/Y/4MHwYH1v3U+iFd/5LdMQ3V4ty67JI4fzbFgWkk2FR37SfWgGwytvGjDKwn5P0lZ+rkwOTAIXOgRdYG0vurFHxh6b4xcFHHSNDrCd6F/djHPrbg8x/f0x0vB5KfWtjmTXydF8z0JwcuCwccplDKuza9b9/UmGm8rP2UenD+2eAZz3jG8hqB+dpNgpe97GW7t73tbcvfJuKrmwSMtF/1VV+1+/SnP73M4+Zmezf0wOMJ79b7QrvcYssoqY14GB+33r5jp18/kcf6K2OWNEY2clp+4ynYY+fNZWjfNBJsvJcblCZgj8FpEEufbnJgcuA4OGA8u0nAat/m8SILcYu3Mj3+5aCbBMfBndmK8zhADjzkiM/NNeI8rs38Y+cA4wAF/Su/8iuXgxVKT0qQ8XHWXNvcikdj+Gu+5mt23/It37K79957l9sCvgHznve8Z/fBD35w+ajhwx72sN1jH/vYZS6/7777ln3bl3/5ly91ZQC+yNy+hb6xJ8WbfTcltkD/pPELOaAvGx9y7EncwmmsjHI7jokvxDJjW+LANBJsqbf20NoiZuC2wIxW2z1FZtLkwOTARjjQ4uumkH8lcPLE/c2/+Tevvj5wVlMs2nD4aOHDH/7wZSMs7vqrq6/mDHNIi/u4sI/hs+qYeYfLgfqw/s1QlH+4lE/KJgcefA54dev2229f5lP7pltvvXVHYecaM/lj2hhujOUzAjznOc/ZfcVXfMXuXe961/L4UCyDhPoe+chHLvUwTHz4wx9eboEyLJif3fjakos3tX2kXVq3B3zE0bojzdO+dYSf4cPlgH6uj4X1X/1r3Kxv4AR7uC2alF2UA9NIcFFObQDOwPSYjKebHJgc2D4HWowp9K6vstw77bIwjxb901pqLoDDwu77A4961KN2H/nIR5bN6f/9v/93SR83AKfhmenb5IC+5dq02cy1obuI/Gyz1ZPqyYGLccA3BJ71rGctJ/8UWvNqc+5FMJhfG2P85luvEjAWPP3pT19eEfP9GHgZAf7aX/try2McunHQ3ySKG6e5xmzxQ/bjARrHNmhzcw6YHjAe+dMdNgeSw/qYX7/Wn2PeYbdmUnetHJhGgmvl2AHDG8wWqSbgAyZ1kjY5MDlwAQ60QNtoubI5/l2W+HmuxVt5p1geONwk2Fe++vLPwz/zt8WB5AHV+ni6yYHLzgEn/J7ctcx9KbmVMb4aV+ZcBgGvM0izN5PGtU8DP94eqGy0HIM/trn2aGe8K2362+DAuIa44cjYTJ5Lz99GayaV53FgmvHO49BG8huYJl9P8Y2QP8mcHJgcOIMDFmGKvY9ecV/yJV+y3Aw4o8iSZR6wiNuoeUWBkcD84AOIcGUokMbNeWNhw9H91K/kyMPNTfrRdfNs0A3gwDhWLoquMvweZYXbj5mDhT3GnrwUrOppTDYfl74lX7s4PoO0Z2yPcDBbatdlp7U+5Pe4fUOuk+exX4O/7HzbevunkWDrPfg5+g1OzxyYR9KhsxmTAyccaExT5in2Xjkwxl2LHRfks5hlAVeGYcG/GTi58tVt78nawHHhyj8L38zbLgdaH/iFt9uaSfnkwAPjwDgGGM8o7aWlsJ9VQ7BgMsBJG9PH8Di/Sk/BGusIfoQd87cQRrvHqxT9da81iyuvdm6hPZPG/RzoLxAbN2Ofbll+97f2cqZOI8GR9vscoEfasbNZl5IDFmHfEPBwrsfaYJ7nbFzNBXzfMmAoYCSwuP+///f/lg3cuLCHb84fcWLbfn2bT/FJ+SET000OXGYONM8ZH8Lm1DHtPN6AVdbT2BrLlw5P4618vnl97aQHs87bWrx2ZAzBj+m2yYH6MvnkM/x0m6D0Wjf7Ok5s259Ggm333xdRPw7MMfxFgDNhcmBy4OA5kJLfX3N1KmNB7hbARRphk+Z1A/9y0DuwDA7hgG+6y8OB9Ybu8rR8tnRy4PMcsEfyjOOhfdNF5sSxPKziKf7Kh6u8aq7c2tBrvs+YkF+Zrfi1WfspkdYu4U6ba8dF+Bvs9A+HA/UvivTpKLNj3uzfw+mzB0LJNBI8EO4deNlxwB44qZO8yYHJgT0ccDplHP/lX/7l7rOf/exyk8DG0sewfBTrPNepsdcV/sbf+BvL6wbKWdgt8G1owzPnjDhxXH4btjZ1Wtffkx1XS2drJgcuzgHjorExlrroPKhsc2zlzc/SzbHN3/JGg8BYr7oyCIy4xnC4t+CP/NTm+KGdtan2bqE9l53G+rMxkbxaS/StPq1fLzuvjrH900hwjL160iYDew7cI+3c2axLxQFj2Q0Cp/7+b5rzAULjuwV7ZEgbMHk9FvO/+lf/6s5ffqUcyoMTfuHcGC5t+tvkwHqDt+7rWhVc8ekfBgf6w/f0AABAAElEQVTGsVjY+B7H+EjpmB4831Me+ML5I47gpYUjuPwxbyx7DGFj4XrHw1iu/deYto8/8oOVP4b3wW8hjdxQIq0vGaKTJf4xtHEL/XAjadRvHvuH5gH9eFpf1t83koaJ66HnwDQSPPQ8v6E1NhDXC1HpN7SyiWxyYHLgIeVAizEjgdcD+K5vemWgE5oW6TZjxc0J48Ow8NVf/dW7L//yL1/a4EOI/jHB9wlywZs/5hwSV7br14etD3zyQa7Gft9uC4+bcv3VWKwvG99aXr82T5Qnvbzg6vfiygQvHI7Kqk84X7nRjfjH9BmeHIgDbrBZl5Jd6VNu4s62/OaF+tDcwQhkHamP6+cRdlutnNSuOfD/rRNmfLscmJPvdvtuUj45sI8DxrTNOwPB//gf/2N57cCrBl4dYCwYF+Vxw1+50sQZFRgKfJfAhw//4i/+YsELv/xRGRCf7rg4MMpK8nFcLTy+1oxjUuvcJGpT7mYQY6G+bLxSyv7n//yfyzwBXrqxbr4Aa6zb0DM2eoUJPmlOB80VbfaV8VqSMvLCDye3puv+1Pk7OfCFHCA35GeUoSk7X8ijrcSaA8wXrSX2IB57i9GVX5kxb4a3xYFpJNhWf51L7RyU57JoAkwObIYDjWeben9/6B8JLNIWZk6+jT2LPmcz1g2DFm7w4aEI+IcDHzGUzlCg/HTHyYH6PRkYN29kZbrD5kDjO58B4E//9E+Xv5bzd6Zf+7Vfu8wF8vXx//pf/2v3gQ98YDEoNq7/1t/6WwvcV33VVy3fMvG3dJ/85CcXPG4TJRN8eDwMEA972MN2X/ZlX7b7yq/8yqvzh7w1/GFzcFJ3MzlgDTLPWK+ab5Kzm0nXrPvaOFCf8c0zfM94U8TckBvDpU1/mxyYu4Rt9tsXUd0g/qKMmTA5MDmwaQ448bP5ZyRwimjD5avRlABKP8PBH/7hHy6bfkrDN3zDN+woBi3U3SbABMYBrxzY/DstdEOB0kApGN2cT0ZubDusLzny4LHJ4zIiLZH5c7Ac0E+MhPfee+/uNa95ze73fu/3lnH/ohe9aPe3//bfXsa0Pv74xz++e/vb375705vetPv0pz+9wFDM3Byi8D/pSU/aPf3pT1/mjXvuuWfB84lPfGKRg/EWgTnBDYInPOEJuzvuuGP3FV/xFVfnEvIz54aDFZWDI8xcY51KsUTguB4dHMGToC/iQOtHGeP4Nzfpz/Ya5env1pvKTX+bHJhGgm3221WqW7RLaLAWn/7kwOTAdjlg0bVp988GjAXGt2vAnhZneS9/+ct3d9555+5pT3va7p/+03+6KAQ+UsgpY9EG3y0C5aVTPpwGBLcE5s/RcaCNebJg477e/B1do4+kQW77MAK+4hWv2L3yla/c/cmf/Mli5HvsYx971eDj2yJ33XXXYkT4sz/7s93jH//43Td/8zcvBsQ//uM/3v3ar/3aYhQw3hkLzA2+TdJtA0ZCRkNl3/3udy/zAoMjI4Mn+cHS5hL+NDQdiZA9SM0gH2SMIZrsMXCbg7gUygep6on2BnFAf41rhbmgOUHftpaAq2/H+eIGkTHR3CQOTCPBTWL8ja52HMRwi89J+EZzeeKbHHhoOWAB9ioBRb4xbQF2k6DF2w0DJ4If/ehHl5PFT33qU8umrH9AQLEyzQd9lwBOhgd+i3swxR/a1s7aHgwOjH2pfzk+2ZrusDlgbP73//7fd+973/t273znO3fGNkfpcquo/tSX5gCwDIGPecxjdk984hOX8e2VAjcLGBf+/t//+7unPOUpu6/5mq9ZDAhuIphffOckQwEFwLcK4JGvjgwD6s4wkC9tusmBfRxo3UmRBEOWzEnjvLSv7Ew7TA7ot4wAfR+l+cFcIT//MFswqboWDkwjwbVwawOwc/LdQCdNEicHLsgBG3EKgY2+kxgbeLcAet3AYvyZz3xm2fALOwn82Mc+tigHbdCkC7e4u3r88Ic/fFEEet1g36Lewn9BUifYAXKgfuVz+pRrI7dE5s/BcsCrRG9961uXmwB33333YhgwBzAe6EthfUvRp+Tfeuutu8c97nG7Zz/72btHPOIRy7g3P5gzfMuAoUC5Rz3qUbu/83f+zjK3mGPg8WFUc425Ab6v//qvX4wJKQSY1JyQf7CMm4QdBAfIKfkkXxm2D4KwScR1cUBf9pgD0jcyGIpz+ddVySx0UByYRoKD6o7rI6aBavCy2Gbduz5ss9TkwOTAIXHAYuxkz8bdRqtXDSzMbgJIdyXZPOAkkTJA+edarM0L4MXdJPBtAkYHikEfLzN/BC88KgeHxI9Jy7VzoH7Vpyl4s3+vnY8PdQl9Zcw7+b/99tuXce3VA+PZ00bdN0Z8b0D8kY985DK+GRjcPDDG3Qig/DMMGP/mAv94QC6UYRxwW4EhwmsHXkn4pm/6pmUOkE9WUg7wYJSj9byRrJWeH63yS3uo+Fl9zYPVW9vEwYjjTfCl16YxDsZzLeNoXV/8D0c4q6989a5hxjg4ZbnKiheWvs6XxgUXbWv/fqjzf8MDUr0MA9Yqt1Tg9Ey3LQ6MfRrlxoc5Qv/qZ08yEwx/X9kxf4a3wYG/sg0yJ5VnccAAtfgZlAaw974sIOLTTQ5MDmybA5R5RgDGAAty49u4ZxCULywPjNsE0nLSmw/4rhFTPCgR8swZ0j3i3Jw74t62/bE/O33WIumzjw+/b/WRfyXwrZFv+ZZv2V25cmVR8hvP8q39NuxuB3gYADk3CP7oj/5oeRgZu0HkewTNF3y4vI7wB3/wB8utBXEfPw0PWQneXMGpE1zp6CBfyVvp7UuUAR8u8YfCoYNL1tEvLbrQVBht8sGuy1WeXxv5yo/w+9okXx0c+NyIpzR+fJKPDvHqkV+90SgtusIpPrp1fmX44RnrkC5+La66KwOveskFvsqPjmCmf9gcWPdp1Np36FfGgvV3JoI5rWz5098GB+ZNgm3006lUmnRN5r5GbOPPtehd6yR/aiUzY3JgcuCmcMBi7MOE/vrMaZ9TwN4dtghL800CNwra7HndQBlzAweuBdvJDqXD35p95CMfWU4mKzvCBX9TGj0rvWEcaFOuP23UrQnC0pOXG1bZRHTDOWC8PvWpT11O9T/4wQ/u/vN//s+LIZARUH9yKbZuE3DWf39x+N/+23/bve51r9u94x3vWG4TeBUBDIPCqLSaP/xjAnjlnvvc5+6e+cxnLh82JCPJDNzNKdVNlsDAwSjhA4oeZdxc8JivRte+BA3hGfNvZLi6+I2F0tTPoIofDCIpO40VdAhzytb2MQ4XmBGucONLvHaWBkd0BB998nJjnWu4dfnKqANs8MXLz6fk6Ss+w5G1pXLVG47KXNRXXr1utDFGC0vDc/yebjscSBZQnMw5jNCnZEefgkl2allpxae/TQ7M0brNfrtKtYHoMWgpFOPAHMNXC8zA5MDkwGY4YAzbaNmEZ7m36W6jZYE27tvgWsT9XSKjQhs8i3mLu4b3DwfKMDLA0QI/54zNiMaFCE0GAOtbsqC/yYNToK27Y5fXFGxj1SEAZVNY/5kP6l9h6Zw0cWObkaGrwQwLXj+gGJoDch/4wAeWf0+gKD7nOc9ZXlvwt4fNG3x8VvdYHwXbDacPf/jDu/e///27++67b7mR4PUG9fqmgVcW+raBv2VFS3hTnKPjwfKTEbQLe73K30X61wdt+Lqv+7rlnyA6ZIm+yqGrdkejeGngPNw4z54VH8uEJ1+56o5HxeXlwnFanbVDfrDVYQ7Qd/pev3klwL9lMB4nG8FW37X41Ucmkz90jLTua9O11DFhHzoOjLIgnGzpX3uR8sc+Le2ho3LW9GBwYBoJHgyuPoQ4DcQm5NF/CEmYVU0OTA48SBywqXJVuFcDKA0pA8a7sFtENuXiFm8Pw0ILeaSJczZtTo3AUxwyEsibCzsuHKcbN+n6/hjcscurfvJop8dYbRyLF25O0KfSjXEfLnRLyCbexw/NIf4BgQHR9wg4+KRTnM0jf+/v/b3l+wejQWCt2KGHcu31hHvvvXd5KJqMD4yZ5itKJ5zgGBEooIwFbjHJQ9NYx0LMg/SD3nEuZCh505vetHvve9+78NYtgvGABf9GVx+UJn+EWcerK74pn6uctHX+mBe8/glOmnIjXHnVOeaDL70y0jhwcGv3e97znsVgYM1wa4WxxLMuc3/Ja/u1LllruLHNNwL3tVEyoa+XA+u+IjfJGd8z3fFyYBoJNt63BrDHJsGia8BaGLj14N54Uyf5kwOXjgNOA706YANubNt0pRAY31/6pV+6bMBvP/momRM8p2NgKQPi/gu9jWRzRf+RbqNuI+8WUptRdYCfc8dxiFobuPqzdUJ/j9+tOI7WHl8r9Js+5Os7Y9MjTR+6McDxvT4ExkcOKeM+VugvDyny/+pf/avd61//+t0999yznB577cA8QEn0epJXBRgVXvCCFyzfI6heewn7CnXxGRTe9a53La8x/NZv/dbubW9721I/46XbB+YjSqF5y/cQ3vzmNy/5XjvwusN3fMd3LM/f/bt/d0l/sH+iWz3a4t8dXvayl+1+9md/djFo+Njjt37rty5GlcYIn6EDT9zK0hZp5t5uYfGlVSb89ZVyDCTmbg6vGWZ8F6LbFNKbm4W5yt8fu59mr4DoJ6f8+JzinxygQTnj2Q0JdYvrL3WpV59knIHb3C+dYUA//c7v/M7u13/913f/+B//490P//APLzJQPdFyLX68Qbc+yIdj3cZrwTthby4H9B254ITtHcw99el6PKzl++ZSP2u/Hg5MI8H1cO3Ayhi0nQia/FmBxwXkwMid5EwOTA5ckAMWYYo8xZ+zUbXxy1mU/Se6TaCx/+/+3b9b/uHARtEp4ujGBbwNY4u7DeV0x8eB+rzNHXkStj4c6wZO+3K1v/gW/frJOp9BTxuNWaf/HOX3V3/1V5d9gA8c+tCh6/0cw0HzCCVfuP6nDLt2Dh+DImXe/kEc79QhDN4e47Wvfe3u3/ybf7N75zvfuRgMzD2U7Cc+8Yk7ir95BZ3qYXx44xvfuCig6POvKxRe9DBqUnrV9WC65jWKqjnx7W9/+9VvLzg1pxCjhRKPbg/j6hve8IYdI8i73/3uxZggnVJ95eTDkdrruw3aHn5twCMGhY9+9KO73/zN31wePFC3+dktje/8zu/cffu3f/vCq/pV2X1yChcDD1r00R133LG8vgEWPfzK+VcbNwIYQHyDotfT8Fi9T37yk5dXSXyQMp6j3d9lfvd3f/eyxvgmBWNBNz4YfK7XoUv7KJAZI+OVvOTrevHPcg8tB+ovPldfkqWMl9LLr/+lTbdtDkwjwbb7b6HeZGygUhK4caAuCfNncmByYJMcMKZtCJ3EcL1u0CZRvuerv/qrlxsFNnZOwCgCjARtIjtRU675wUJfeJPMmUSfywH9bX1oYy7OJRfnItgYwDHKc2Nd24zZ5gRKZP1JGXON3g0iewHzQYZDCiTFl7KmPMMCHM0J0j02/JR8LnlJTvgUf98ecPIsDM/jH//4RWFmJKBEw4Em85V3/dXnWr8Ta/W57SBOEfV3jA+FQ48xoH5GCvMjOinMFP0++AgG3V6d8CFHBg78xFvtx18n9eDcunBjQ5vl4yeHzwwob3nLWxZlXbs5ZdwscNtC29UZrxeAz/3oY3WhGY8ZCRgqzOeMGtzYJ+D1Hdr8NaZ6fWcgJ52BhtFA3Qw5jEfhQAcDghsmXh/BG6+HMKhcq5Eg2qtbm7WjmxjS64s1bGWmf5gc0G/Gsj7lm2PIENk3rupPacIeLjk7zFZNqi7CgWkkuAiXDhimwckfB+wBkzxJmxyYHLggByzAbhG4TWBxttGzMbX4tiDz3TCw4XMN1gaYgcDGsg2sspxFnlPGws+BbR4pPbgFYP5slgNjP1JkRpkhE23mTmtgctHmnkLi9Dmlj6JD6UhJCg4+ChclhSObZDQXHNmjkJBz9MDFEFa9wZNl44CyQ77hAze2Dyw4p7e9amM89MrNiBMeMMYVfE5cvZuOP1z0wUe5o+hQup04e+IbOHTjiXYYb/AZp/FkQfgAftDkwXv04Kv61Z1DG544Kf+N3/iN5TbRt33bty2KPOXvfe9731KeYkvBRSO68T98eInmkU+Fwd19993LTQK84/wDQifx3WiIHj5+osvfK/6H//Afrl7fR88znvGMhaedQqrHgwY+mriUEeFoyZd2EZeMUPAp0ZRvH2h81rOetZyy1+dk0C2A//gf/+Pul3/5lxdZU1Y+fuG/1wd++7d/e5ln0eEWQsq00/7f//3f3/3iL/7i7q677rraHuXBkg+3E/DFWHjSk550tU3JW7SSy1e/+tULLYwyjBnN03AFBzfF3s2Fn/7pn16MIHhSmxqDr3nNaxZ+Gw94b5zBI+57EdrBKGLsuJHwoQ99aDGC4D9Xnfxwj2Ew63T55ElbwxPd+cpNd9gc0I/mCq45xzwnrX5MFvLBCk+3fQ5MI8HG+3AclCbpJmrNauHZeBMn+ZMDl5YDNp42ppQQm1GKQAs2phjv5gCLNcWEAuDkyEaYcvPoRz964V0LdvODTVsbt3EOubSMPtKGWwPGdaGNnT6/SL+P8kXhoES4/kwZ5VxXfvazn7171KMetSgD5JCy5dsY3lcHR86e8pSnLFfSv/Zrv3aBg5fiDc678k6XKWJOpsFSihggwKmX4uKqO2WXccBX88E5Daa0c5RAiiz6KHsUVHj+4T/8h8s4gN/mluHCu/LqdVJs3HzzN3/zoii5mo1e9WqrK9idsHrP3zv+lEt1gsFfCpXTY+1leHCKD847+L4LcCOcvqKI458TZfPCN37jN141RJgXvGLAeOMk2WkwpRIP3SRgHNBG3xx45CMfucwhDA7mCUZHfHLKjEc57eO0kaJPWcVj/eGWACPEE57whIWu9hqjTCnvHfx/8A/+wVKGIsvQow3oAkte4IPf6wj6xocVGSL0lTaD1Uf6plcayPFYVzSv/WC0Ff3kiPxQiskt/Ck66vSBR1fuKenkC6+unLxiYO5FHyODv6LkkwF9LA+tZNMHEZ3KU44ZUeDg9IGx4JYCQ4J52asdDFhc4wZ/zN/wM1SQZ+MJv/UNnnq0i8M3hgeyTPbwSNvg1h43J8hmN0AYOBgIyEIGIXjR87znPW9pOxrxCgzZOM1FB390xfnkAm88wqOrb8a0GT5sDpDT9h/GFKefxz6vBaUVn/42OTCNBNvst6tUt8AZuG0A868CzcDkwOTAJjlgI9UJok2p7xG0+LbJasNo80uRAWfjTUmwkNsEBhsTKELNEzZvneTKX+OvzPS3x4HWh2RE39a/Y7iWjXClBU9OGJ4ozpRsMkbJZCC4cqJIpXCROUo6hYTiLJ1BgDJFWYUHTopDChFlCK2UKUphcowGBjKKFyMBZYc8UySdyDKKkXfOiSolz4koZVNbKNOuwqOvcUCxooRRBhngKNho0o5bbrllweWHov27v/u7S1sp3+DcOHA9uzpTcPGEcQI+dblKT6G9EUaC+I8vcDuBNifgpTahnY9+iqI4H21Or53kMiwwqFA2kwlKovkEneYDCv04TyQL4PUp/upvDh8o0LUv2CXzcz/S4NWX6keL/lUOTYw4YNCJ1/qEgop2D/rMUWD1i/lMO7XbXKdsvBnrHcPNa8qqn/JPgXblH+3JBJ7pO0YQMPhMaabkkzMyrP1oBuu1CWOhWxVoVZbcg2U8YyiiaOs3uPHsVa961SK7YMkUIwF8eGyMwGnMkGFGCfRro3ztrc21G03GBH4xvtx2223LhyEZqvAVDrIK3phh4MAHdVYvfjEcMNB5tcFrC8rJX9cXb0svvs8Hw2kDWvgXKbcP10y7eRxI1qKgOPnQp55RlsoPfvrb5sA0Emy7/65SbxK2yFgMhQ3UNgNXgWZgcmByYFMcsGG1wbQI29DbzLkianzbcHka5zaDFAWngl13bqMWjMa3qMPJUcLMGzbA3FzkFzYc3U+ycFbD1n3f5o/MkBOn1BQYSg5Yp6I+xBYc3GSW4kKpT3bJFyXGaXeySIF3Cu/0lZLDddLshJaiTfmiiFEgGSbEGRdc56Y4ujau7hQixgYGBU49lHdf1G+sgPWet9NXNwU49FJEfemeAq4OafA4oaUQwuVU1kfhnv/8519VqNGGJ9oKjqO4uengRPdGOXRTVinbDCOUdvyhkMrjpFN8ne5TVtHL4bsTZvCNcWW0iTJpXrF3MH9Q6kc5SR60SV/hC8XdLQa0pGRL48gJ/nGVNWfddqK8ooFi7HTa/KQM+fD+vyv+jCwUWEo1OlJupZERfauP9Cflu7YslZ3ygxay5waBGyFkGD/MkYxWHF6QRcYjxhf807Z/8k/+ye7KibEgXoGVjq5/+2//7dLfjCbkUXkn9m4TKPM93/M9ywcB8ZeDw7V+9b/85S9fbs7oH31C9vBf+17xildcNUrhk7qMCbzSX/FUH+G1cahudTICff/3f/8ie+pEF365JcAYATdjDLk3XvQdHHDLN+aMMf1hjIC1nsQnOHPJSPSUzpcnna+P9Cejjj4NvvJjuRk+fA7oN7LDJzdkSL8Krx2Y+nudN+Pb4cA0Emynr/ZS2gJmoNowWPAtJtLnIN3Lspk4ObAZDhjDNoEWW5stSoBNpXSPjaCNagu2TSE4mz9KhXxzAWde4MCaJ8DZtNocU9Js5MaN6FzgF3Zt+qf1QV962sxJJxtkiOPv62/ykKxRFpwKU/CcCFOoKBdO2MlkeMBRCClblHuKmpNbaWSuuihAlCg4KY9ocspLiaNcpGzCXfn7Tk6atUGcUmTdQ6M0dFCIKDhuEsCnTka12g3eSfSVE6WKsgSGMqZOY8saCtb4cMKuDsqc8aTd6IWjNhgzTsY9Tl/xFH5xyvGNdGjCK0/KHToa1+rCewq8k+z6WHuCqY/58vn4Vj4cI05hdVHU+4ifPnTrAN9OKwcPpw71o0s/4A/+cfA62aa83nnnncs8BvdtJwYFxiR1MMIwEDDWMEjpMzAMRBcxEqgP3cq77q9/9TV6OO1DHxnDV68gkCEGFyf/8TlYcPil3ylL5k88gIcBhfGGzHnVAL54DIY8wU3O0GRswEVWtJORAZ3GlX9PoKBLZ+jKGAMfXPoN3cYYeGsEeo2fXONHP+Gl9QC+ytZ2PAKLL73WwMjHaINPxilXvYWXxFN+4PaoD4/wBS+lcWiYbnsc0H/khU8ejAFxfSuem/0bJ7bvTyPBxvuwgWmgGrAGK98zB+rGO3eSf+k5YAwb2zmbRQ9n7FNMbJydSFFO+DaSylBSUvwrz2+Bt+G1YbeRs8FVl0d+MGO5Gd4eB9ZrwHqjrp+5NVwtTcmhRIBNkaKwOv2kVFFOKCw5cklZoehIh1uYgiRcXWSTIuQv+5Jryi0DwHj1nTLoKjTFi6JDaelEHR2cOilcTvCNCWXgB6eO6AdnjDCmMUxQrij+aKAkpcCikSIKjpIDVjkn0GiQb4ypw7hztdyJtbGEVsaFiyix8ew0H8/VhW6u/orf8rj6qbh+BtNcsQCd/FR+xCksvbzqCod8+wn9zVHSPcHjgzKe6peG5+FKuc3AAo80p+QMlAydKar6wt8MMkC5Ig8OXxkUKK0U/WiuPvj2OTj1n1sQDFtwMlbAOTpw5ksKPmMQRR6t0Y8XwuZap/fi8GQoQR9DinTyCRf+KKMuYbSiXZr2ajf5U3cGs4xa5En9XsdRHt5wjHQr54YC2atfwHLJiPHgZgkYspshLN7VRrJiPKFHW7QVjcZPrj4faVn3RXiVIQccnM0Fyo7lF4D5c7AcqL/Iiaf+la5Pe9YNCG6dPuPb4sA0Emyrv06l1uC1qFgATMjTTQ5MDmyfAzZ2Nn3GN4XEptRmzgJs8+iUybvVlKMXv/jFi8JiI8wFIzxuyqSbIygxwk5dbXyvnJyu2nRy0qfbPgfqxzZ6Nu3kZt+GL9ix1eA45ZWjkPzLf/kvlyv14uSR8mztCY58+g6AU8nv+77vW5Q0CvioNEcDpRs+RioySUEjgyn/cAp7rUDdbr3AA671DgzaKfXSGRMon5Qmyh4lvnYYS+T8J3/yJ5fxQrlLQaNAoUFbjTVtQLeP/VGS1WtsdUMArMdJ8E/8xE8s18uNV/gYTuB4oE678IrfE84U8eLyOX7tFdcervLJQmn5lRfnwhE+vvbiAwW5PpeWC3dl8ZsSIT164RHXLoYH+TmGHvyFE/96dYqBqRsdDEndBKjcab569DFFmYzBrywDKYeWaNQmT/PtmCdMYX/Zy162fFdA28255ItjiOhgBu3y40G+03Tp5Myc280MfJDutR0yR36MKR8P9PoCgwKa0ZXTLjShVx4cnLqE+QwQvjHwS7/0S7tXvvKVC6+/93u/dxmXeA4Ojtqpf4wZMu4mgVdrfKTTqx3wBaseYQ4dnrUrDS+MX3PCKCfK14Z12Rk/HA7UR/UnyvRd8kAmexrnycbhtGJS8kA48PnZ/YFgmWVvGgcaxC0gBqoBPN3kwOTA9jlgE52hwIbUCavNlnFvnMvz7ihlRrq05gStby7Yt3DbmFLybG5toPncPtglY/5sjgNt7vRp/VqaxpSWL22UH/FcyhwlwhMeZVNMwkPuKDAUymQyPNaqcFEEXcM+bYOpjmTYib9nVIjgTPlMEaGE5WpL9FUPuQ8OPeqIdr5ynuDCM+ItDCfFTnu52ledwT0QP9rQwYmPSlc8ihcjfOHqX8elR2vtBuORXtu1C/5oKE95sMGFXxxvwPFzlddfbqZkGHJbw3cDKM94SVF2nZ5x6MqJYcdrFJRYSvHYX+Hd56ubAZSRAF3m0IxB4KNRGCy84Y5uyr2T+F/5lV/Z/fzP//xirPjBH/zB3Yte9KLFGKQsI4Fr//V9c/TIC/MtPoABq24GgOpEW0YHMHDgN6csesInTXnx6JZW2Lrguxs/9VM/tSj76qPs+6cPxg11jk5cf2R0UK+PKDK21V/BV0f1l54v3bOmV3x0Y1vG9Bk+PA7UV8lCMkueC6M6OOHT5EPedNvhwDQSbKevzqTUBGwhsKA1SZ9ZYGZODkwOHBwHWoQRZqNmPLfw2iCvN5/ipfG54Fuk89vcBWPjCVa+Ta6NafWXHq4F8fzZHAfqv/pVA/Q7JcIGr3R+sPljY0sblb3SwKV0lJa/Tgc74hjjlZGWKy080seweHK/L29f+dLAc2t6pIEZ4cZw+fzcmB++NZ3BXqs/4hnr2Ydn5IX88+DDUR3gxzKFMw6Ao8zba4ywo/ykKJfGLxxNzUWU0ltOboBQjuFVD6MnHvogpBN3V98p0+MNEvgu4syfGVqVcdMSHrRHU7Rom7TSa7u4E31/08mAobwr+G7KOCWXz6GdobU+GOsIJ9+jzpF/0QCPsPaHFxzcydWYDr6+k14bGH39S4GPb+IBmhgHvMrTLQrwcKsvPODUI90coT3ypfOlV4fwPlc6Xx3xJTrLr/59OGbaYXFAn+l/fWj9IBeNc2n1aTCoL+2wWjKpuVYOTCPBtXLsQOGb2A1cg9Ok3iA+UJInWZMDkwOf40AbpnFhlWYx7l1gG9JxQbb5auNmrAtzLdRwhVe6suLynRp1oubL5Ta/NoVgpjtODpCH5IcckJnpJgfO4gCZMQeZK1zVN3dQ2F39ZyhI4YSjuSZllqyZo1IwU9YpGZXzDv7tJ/8CwRjwq7/6q8vrJM1b5iPX5T1e3wD3whe+cPl+hFdIquc8+uFrTlQ3ufdI5/ILj3HlGCte97rXLX+v6SbXHXfcsbvtttsW4wZY7UaL+ZnT5ubacBWXDw4dlHew8U0eB5aT7qaNOF4z5KKnOhegz/1UjyhevvrVr9795m/+5nJDzC0X/wjxkpe8ZPkg48g3dVSfsrVDun5mbFC39WKEA3sRp+/hIkMZvNWB3pHmi+CaMA89B8Y+Kqw/6z+yoV9LS0bEuco89JTPGm8UB6aR4EZx8ibhMQgNSI+Fz6DlLC7jYnCTyJvVTg5MDpzDgRbUNZiNlfdKOePcmHbiZsNms2gTbeNtYTbWW6D5cIJpDhCWDo80G1WneHwfB3O1NGOEsuA80x0nB5KP42zdbNWN4oA9hfnGCbxXTMwdZMdHABkWvY7RXCG9uYPPZSAwx1BaXds3h/UvAvD6psN3f/d3L7icfPvuhIeS6ro7JYRRghGBr14GAwYGCvBZTlmOUm4OpGjD29zWvLjGgV7fBHjXu961PP5ZgWGDkeIHfuAHllcfwsHXTm3JUIBvHPwcfgjbn6lf2I0EvOXCFd+kNf/juXaa/4Nrro/f4N24YNDwnZrXvOY1y0cHfQTSRxC/67u+a/nHi9YD8Bx84UAzuqJZfdEIxlO9yoErfj+2L/6tXLD4xEnnas8SmT8Hy4H6C4H6sngGr/qxfi5+sA2ahF2YA9NIcGFWHTagyd8E3CJuwjeQ52A97H6b1E0OGKMtunFDvOuexrXF2OsGNm2cfGPdSdR4Mld5xgUwNrZtDMWbD/htUH3Yy4mRBZ7jVyZ80z8ODpCBXLJQfPqTA2sONA+QFTcJKI4UbYo6Q0Hzj3LJU/OMeUQamI985CPLX/y99a1v3V05+b4AQ4HvqFCszW9uKvjbQ9f4MwT4joA6vH7gK/sUfoq7eZBxAj3nGQnAqsMcyVG8PRw6RyW3sYFe3zGgbPv7RWF88E0E7/W7xYAP4dBGbfCox96LIYBRZeQJePV1kOPbCubz9XxbGfBole9B1wgbn/n6BN8YNXzXwW0C/GWMed7znrcYYprv0ac91RMeadpQerxRp7TSxeWVj87THJixruDCVXz6h88BfUZW0i2Ek8mor1+TqdKnv10OTCPBdvvuCyg3KFukhC2oLWRfADgjkwOTAwfHgRbXCLMRc7Lf+79O/X3kq2u6Nl4Wa3Ccsd5GmNLv5MsCfuutty7lxg1dc4UNtno/+9nPLl+r7yYB3Nxc6Bc2HMVP8qVP2/TXz0fRwNmIB4UDKYTeZfcRwde+9rXLbQCvAFCi3QLwMUlylTwpI2zOMae85S1vWb6w/+u//uuLMZLiT3ml+LvB5F1/f7f3iEc8Yrkh4IOFoyHC9wD8g4u6vRr1G7/xG4sM+6tJCvtZDg0MBe2F0Ikm+6PmUvRGv3rNna94xSt2v/3bv73Q698U/IWnv2X07wOMDpwyjSsKv39loIibf1PSwYEJDn7zNiOHVxcYOtAYruCUk25ON48zLKBzdMpwyuAhvugTdfjrTh9WRDODzIg3HPBJVw+HJ2hXXjt8UFK76tfKXYsPv31pbaydcIzha8E5YW8uB5IZPhlq/IhPd3wcmEaCI+nTBus4UMfwkTRzNmNy4Kg4MG70xk2TTZXNocdG0U0Cm9M2qJggz4bTA76rrk7gXDdlYPAur83ouNEzL9i4MRJ4bAz9vZfrqqOb88fIje2HyVfytv3WzBY8FBxIuaMAP+UpT9k9+clPXm4ROLWmSFMkvaNPmSRb5iCn38q5CfX2t7/9qoGAEmoegoOybW5685vfvPuFX/iF3Rvf+MblXwz+2T/7Z4tyC5+TcAouAykl+d57711Oymt3J/LF9/nmMEYHhgzGBmXMm40D+ya0cuZRf/v3cz/3c7s777xzibuq71UIfwXoZgDYbl0xMpib4TKPag/l2isVPhqI9ltOPsrYfMvA4XUKBgS3Jp7xjGcsRgL50bP20YVefOtWWPN9fXPfffftfvmXf3n30pe+dIH7tm/7tqsGAjcVKP3q4KMXb7nq5XPq1javWmgH/jPC1Eb56qxevBvXlQXJ6gduMMoIV1f1jfFV0Rk9QA7oL31Zn+7rV2TPfj3AzrtOkqaR4DoZdyjFTNwGpEHLL44+i8l5k/ihtGPSMTlw2Tkwjl1j2filzNscUvjFwdicNdbbqPHlczbCNqTK9E0D6eHPtxHsuqvNIVh42gSqY7rj4kB9mhwdV+tmax4MDjTHOOmn3FKkvT5AGf7d3/3dZY/hbywZMBkJyJjHTYHf+73fWwwFDATmFbeh3ACgUIMxZ/EZFCjx8FGufW/AvCfdXObGgfmMk09hHw2mp7Wbgm2Og49yDEffJGgerCzlGA0f+tCHFmXZKb9Hm3wbwfxoP2V+RTcDCUVau/CIIQVdjAB4pK3mbzcZlIEbz8Az3GrHug14wfE7gW9u53PKyxdHl9cL3vOe9yyvZqAJvdqNZxR8RhttxUsGF3jdrBjxVB9Y/LE26CO0a6sy0QYXd5G9ZTDogaeycKl/um1yoL4jL/qVLCZPWjT28zZbOKmOA9NIECc27hukFmKPCdhC0QS98aZN8icHjpYDbbz2NdBCa4Pseqx3dsd3YY13m1rj3QaOs1hzNoY2gTZmTo/ArucC9doAqsPi3gIfPdILL0jnz6Y5UH/Wp+LJy6YbNol/0DmQQuC0/B/9o3+0KLf/6T/9p0Wh9zFBp+6UU/OTuch8Q87MXb4hYB4yJz360Y9eXid48YtfvJyww0vJdkOBYu6mgBNxryd4vcGVfMq1W06MEm48PfzhD19Oyb1nf+XKlXPbjh6K8ZOe9KTlFN+H/XzjgHINP2ccMB4wUKjfLQCOccEHFH/rt35red0BHKVI+yjR3/AN37B8xJCBBG+8jgH/y1/+8t1//a//daHbjQn1e52CkcD3Dfx1om8buGXQ3D2OyzGsTjDq49Rdf1DmfQzy3//7f7/884Jy2sQ4Ix3deK+Mh0ECX/EOXeYAT/jwgIHDmoG3bk9k6KhudXjgi86FsFN+9J8HHZUNtDmp+PQPnwP6Pbkhmwx5dI1kqD69iGwcfmsnhThwKYwECS4BJ8zF8xOF4sGt0w2K9WY7WGU9DRZlxzxxAycc1SU9N6YJc+cNtsqo14C18Tchsxr3Hl74pz85MDlwuBwY5yZzh9N9RgCbTJs/J2HNKTarrvw6LbL5s0m1EZdv3DsBs6m2+fbesCfXnAKn0yxzmvnChphBolOm5pbKTX+7HKgv9TWFg+IxrlXbbdmk/MHmgPmC/JAZxgDX7ynrT33qU3evf/3rl/fhzTMeLnhh8M95znMWQwBFnWLcLQL5PlT4oz/6owvcq171qkVBp1B7RjzK+Bu/F7zgBYuCPX6fBZ6znLLezffqg5sNFHkG1isnirB2GQcMGowDTvqlcfedXOOXbj/FSTe/8ilGvlPwTd/0TTtGArQ+9rGP3f3Ij/zIMp963ctHD++6664Ff/O2VwF+6Id+aHfbbbcte7UF8fADD2efKGx+duugOXkAXZTvD37wg0t7pKNLnKIP3utj2hb9xr5/O3jMYx6zfIRRf471McYwoDA+MIA885nPXIw41TnOF2O4/NGHFz3q5JtzhHPxo/j0D5MD+k5f1p/6nezrP86+IcNZMlGZ/LNaNspB8OEO31g+mDGtcLqV+D68wa39YM/CvS5zmeKXwkhwWocm+ITEZtwG2YbcZEbgElL5Jlr5rKzyOGkUc8IF1nWz0k3AyrHO+jAYGIPLRr8TvOrnc/nr8JJ5yo964TZQx8UAroT/lKIzeXJgcuAAOGD8csZsc0BzknnEvOExL5VvLmJEMOabf+AwHwRjnrKIuybbfAa2fPhs3qTJly5N3R51T3ccHKjP9au+5pd2HC2crXgwOZCs8J2wO5E2b5hfOCf9lEvzUrLFCOnDqbedKMQUTq8rMGR6lPWYf3wvwMm6vRLno4gUXHsazp6J0uodfoaJKyfKfQbR6FoA9/yow5zGWOERNh/ak3FjefMdhZxrzkQfF5z51hxrD+fBC3tH87O9IOOJby5QuBkiGF6bS92aYChhTGDEPcupw16UMQROdI+GgtqFBt9cQB/6m8fxx6sPaBvXBLxkVK490aAf/WMFowg8eNV+Nphr8dGnXrcI+PjIxwu+Z7rD58AoJ4UzCiSDZLP+DEbLxvBpLR1hCoerPQvfgQfnRiU4dfODEa5cMiYPreYk49ZYkIZecWPEGDOGuOpXPvzhXAAu6c/R7wLr7FEIEgYCY7F4//vfv7vvxGpscnQNy3UwYU55X+N95zvfefW6GqGDgzC1OLhKx7Js8VS2cq985SuXj/KYgE3aPoRz+8l//KqjBWipaPgZaR6S9waDJfCcgdAgrp17C87EyYHJgYPggHFqHI/O3GIs2zhb1GzubBIb0zZfDJZtysGbzzjwGRXA2Lw3T4x1gDMHmTtsEi3E4G3u5+I4cmr74eSGnKwNS9tv3WzBQ8kBc4PTeRt2N5S+67u+a1EuXeG3n+KbUyi3/hnAbQHzFxkke1xzHnk0B4HzuoKTdqfZ9mNuSsFz5cQo4MSecm1u4pS7yBzVvEeZRwdDhTSGCDcAKO6UZnX7NwBGDTS2x1N/c3P0q1dYWfs95XPo+/Zv//blxsTzn//8pS3yKNzaYX+pHKee9orw5aLZLQLGlVs+91oCnytfm9zq0C57vnAURifY4PmUf7w295cHjnHAax6MG2DQyOhxPQ5eDj3ax5emz6bbJgfG8ZZ+UUvqW3IELjmUP4aDH/1kI9hRJsmoPQndyw0gyvwLX/jCZTzI4/KXyOd+0MExNPpLUB9HNZ9w7ZGEzQVefTKvGOe1sfJgprsErxuMQpoAJ8wWNO/T+asbVl+Tp8WP8JjcEpreS3vb2952dQEkbB4wrM8swwRcfYwKYAm2v9Nxhc3AYigguJ4f+IEfWAwFI33XI5CVjx5xCgKhL+968M4ykwOTAzePA+YSm0hKu7HsdQJGAs6cYxMrL8OB/BY3vo0rHJ1mMQKAkcaZG8DZoEuHEz7vs1qM1TndcXKADHjm+nCc/ftgtCp5GecPcwxF22m3uUSefQgDJtkyj4inkKLLvooLX5t8840TcY+TeHOf03zw9jPrctV3ngyDSxl3kOMk30cF7fko9OozB1KIfRvBTYV9rnaUVzx+8GsT4wlcDA6cuVU70cJVpjYtiZ/7CYeouR1t3RSQVr3CyjNSePBhLCtfvepURn71y+Okebyy5vsF/kIRLB7AWd/cD33277ru8DNkyLP+6Ad9yUnj1D/d4XOg/kKpMFlKfvLlrWVM2lmOjI7lwYqrg570hje8YeevU32c8xu/8RuXv05NLpNvZcArV5i8/fEf//HyjRH/wmJv4zUb8iePM391o0gc7eHkl7YELvHP0d8k0Ld1fMIljYXK+1usVBYNE5gFLyssGEKnrA05Q4HF75YTay6rsFM+C5tJ1UTIuGBSh8f7dKxXHgudCReM68Ee7+6BYb0mtNGVoCfsaLgWp/wDxXEt9U3YyYHJgRvDgcb8OH6FLVw2ihY080Rp5ilzC98G19MCbV6yUbWJdKrHUGCe4tQDh3mND7dycPPlR8uNadnEcrM5oJ+5+jY5aSN0s+mb9R8uB8hOcoNKYWnmk/Yt+fLIVgZG8lXeGFY2nNILww+3x9zl9sFYj/QRj3IXcWiCx9ViNzjdInB71IcS7cOcxJtfw6ceYT4nXDvKEy+cvy5fmeZVuGqv8NpVn/RwhkPa2PZgq1P+2qkX3IhDPNzK2tO6PeDfEeyH7WMpU26B3ChnT2ydqt7wnkV7MNO/uRyoz8hSTphM8XvqS/A54bFc6aM/5pPv6qMneYXp7rvvXr4V4jsbbreQJS7cysAx1i9MZ3M46++g3cZkEHT4aw4IB3zio4v+ka4x/zKGL4WRIAHSwSxKhI9lykd3+PedXEUhRDbdXAKinIfAMiq4MfCSl7xksWj1/pzFhWC5GuY2AQOAL/7+l//yX5bJ18d2fMyGAYLQ+qCN+lnHLKYszr0Ts1Q+/DRghqQvCgZjs29hNWhMyBbF6SYHJgcOmwON331UWsyMY2PbhpkhoLnM5i4DgHd6zSXlMTx6tUk5G2HGSPOVBbE5ja9u85Ly8JnnvJoQnrNo20fvTDtMDtTXqFv3/2FSPKk6RA40H5Ch9kht0tErX5xLiVgiJz/Bl8cf8YlzyacwXPCAC3ZUeMGc58yf6vbccnLA41UAyrB/MfiZn/mZZc77sR/7seVvGeEe8aNl7aJjTA8OvdE/wpWvzMiHEV4eOOVy6/BYVp54MPzqKQ2edXr0ybNPZBzwTxVOW52wMpj49sP4yi3Y81x1j3Dqtu5op/XpPN6OZWf4MDiQ/Iz9qx+LZwBqnKG6vPyzWqJcckGeKfVvfetbl4Nb/wZi/2K8giOflP9RvscxMNbjhgDZ9pFSMG7HeDXHX6FGv4MURjGySUbBoXk9Lke8lzF89EaChFznCjMSEDqC6Gu3bgTYRFPybcQJDJfQEE4GAhMqQwKhYixwM4BA2bgry1gAxhdyX/3qV199t8uXfe+4446lLMuVjT18XkVwI8EHeTISRGv+RQYZGPDo5BgKOh1cEubP5MDkwMFzoDEfoeYfcxPl3dxijvFaAAeWQdNrTRZpcxEDQFc5LYLmMs5VUq8QmJssgqMzd6iDkcACDFebOjjQ0AI+lpvh7XKA7PTo3+kmB87iwHoPsp6nmlPaL63ni9Lbp4zlxzAaxLnqDLe0MdxeZ10XuLULRhl7I9828K2Ae+65Z/l7xje+8Y3L6w2U404VozU6RrpGOtQ1tmGdp+1whAd8/FAOfLhLB8NFQ3D3p36+vsqWH7x21ubw8Nf4xa0t733ve5e/d7RG+B7ED/7gDy786MBp3aboOMuPFrRZU8Ttq6NZfLptcGBfX+lH8sPZm4y3ocdW6f995UeYZBU+8L5H8mu/9mvLP4P4TsaVK1eWxwFGr0GucY71lMfYQMdyA8G4djum757QAd36ZiRoz1S5KaNj79wfPnojQU0mhATB5OehoHvHxabYREY45JtkhT2cPNd1vR9jY866pYwTN87tgcc//vGL8UAZ6YQbLnUwKCSIhNVHYRgbfFCDANucryd2eEfBFz/NBddNAnH4+NNNDkwObIMDjWPzhrD5KiOBsd1CHJx8i52NnoXWnNacJd7rBwySfbhwHyfgMx+BNxeZ48x58LWA7ys307bBgeRllCtpPdtoxaTyZnJglKHokMbxzTvkK9deS5o88WCSQ37hyvGlrV1p1Xk981JlKAcMAk972tMW2u3PzLP2TFx7seqUVhv50Vxa+cFHo3hpYMLbHI0naAqmcmBz5YkHXx6/OqJLvHaqL56DHesV9oCxtjASW1/8PaIPUWaMrozy1+rQguZx3QpHbR3bV970D4sD+ij5Gn2yI87Xz2Ne/Zp/VosqR9bgse9w6OE7J25D+h4HGMYsBx3CXOWEk1Plc24cOJBFn3J0La+Vf/zjH1/2TV6ncTjsUSdalYcruouH87L6R28k0OEEKkEiEKzJTvCleTfN//N6BSAha5OsnNM6G+1uAPjQIeVfuk26CdXf9/jqJoF2csfqxbnaYgI2ccOlboKvXuUJrE25fMIcjcomqMINCPWhBX0eA6EryN4rU7d0i950kwOTA9vhwHrsG//mBoq7WwGs3jZ0zWcMl16TMi+tT2nEzVE2xAyaPpgK3nzEtfjxGS3NSWAZE8xd5qLpjoMDrSOtIeIea0635o6jpbMVDxYHkqERf/NVeflgygt+HR9hTwtXdvRH2DH9ouHGgEOdf/Ev/sXyT1PmV9+Misb2amNd5ZXGL6zu08IjXfCO7rT4iAt88eCLj7j2pQU/wml/bTHHOwV2uvoTP/ETy1zg0Kz9qnLxa8RxWhgsFy2VVV/r01g2uDFthg+PA/UjyuozPvmij1C+6VD2EA5B6R8OLvR7twzsXXJrOQln+YxUP/7jP77sW6T5Ftyb3vSm5dsh8MLPrctJU6d8epa9jP0Th0400p0YDOhNboTT27yC4FsFyoYzGqVNdwn+3UCHj4LOSpViTSgsEtIIhE0zAWoTTcgo85Rum2lfx/2e7/me5aMuBoevZ7JOeb/Ntw1+6Id+aNlgG0Am4eqyuecIsHT5hNV7M24oqK9JPXoTTnG0gfOPCXfdddfyng3aDBoDgjMoxFnG1aeesd3hm/7kwOTAYXPAfGDOMTeZM4xnSrxFl5NmPnClDqw5wIlNixx4xssWbVdJm2fGxVCYAcIiyWBpTmIkgD9ch82pSd15HGgNqD/51ho+2ZlucuCYOUD+OfJe2FzpkMjrn9LMq+2jguU3doS36mpDba8d5n5tZhhwqipuvRj5JHwt7jR484w1pfkmOHH1Tne4HKivUJgsSbPHID/e+f/X//pf737lV35lkR16h742xvy14Ate8ILlewD2I8rr73CGL18e/YXBAYzHhwu9aklns26BDR5NyVB6FZrsYxgGhBmo0OFbJE94whOWfZRXjX7nd35n+TcPY99fuI4f6lzTp57L7C7FTYI6vY5uYiJsXTUjWASOcBOslGxGA8q3CdR7La5kWVwo+ATfhwqd4IOzGYcPfrjhI6h8NMALf8JuMKknl8CP9MLDURgoBf6NwbcU1NfAkA8Xgc/gIW3EIz7d5MDkwGFxoDE6LnzSPOYD6c0l4h5zirRxDjCnNH9ooUXcw1H8GRWV4eAW5oNh6WeEMKf1TQJw4/wiPt22OVCft/6Rl+kmB46ZA+a4HLk3p0kT7ltQ8hsLjQ1pjRfhY3N4YM3Aj/Gk93rbOfI5HNLsS/FRXfE2vhYPfvqHzYH6uP5LZ2IocBO7saUVxpPbi4xQ/gpUX0tb46jFcHLykwvwwnQqex17FXDVDz5Y4dLBkzv7JPjcjnFjxkfiyTq97S1vectyO+G+k9uYbhignUs3E45W4cvsjt5IkODs62R5TuAT9hGW8Nk4ZzAgoG4TeKWAIm6BcRWGIFLgwXLjQJDXhj6BI7yEmKPUwzMK+pJx8hMt5dno920EQp0j3GA5AwktaEXjdJMDkwPb44C5wmPsNzeZh4xr6ca7sU6pH63stbTFVXnzD2fx83DKN7/wwXu45inh4IWn2yYH6k/9zI39Xdo2Wzapnhy4GAfakxkL45zWPAlL+yzhxsWYJn2LrvGfv25D/KjN4Dwjb9Zlxrhya9zhAjeGx3IzvA0O1L/5qC5MRoTpIPYjwqPzKqT9SzpK+fnBruVHOhiPA1o6TTpT8lnZ/ORYXNjYpWu5gUDHckPB4a5DWkYD+ymHuupojzXigEfePtrkXSZ39EaCOjmhK84nSITIRpogeQgMgaT0g7nl5G9znvSkJy0WKDcJbNQJPYHywS/XVMASSMq7jTscnPJ9PAO8etTJF4fHtZisXi1Ko3A2WaONgcJflvXtATjUUdvgQ58y2iDPYJhucmBy4DA50Fg3VnPjeGZIdIupf14xto178xaLuDmjuSUc/OYGcwuXsQBurrlmiZz8yLeASjePNO+UP/3tcqA+Tz70rzQyMt3kwLFzILnXzsaC8Gnp6zzxY3JrHpjr8SJ+yF+vD9fb/gzb1iGP9SxnHppzUNw4TH+UicL89gv0jPYidA2yo5/Jj+8LOMQAq0x9LUzmuHDuaz0cyirH90hTh3L8wuFBDzrcHPD6t9csvVrklUr7G7TB48DXk85GFqWP+57GxT7aLlPa0RsJ6kxClCCVlj9OiAQyOL4NuiszvoLpqkobaWUp7gwFNussaU76+/CXsgTSJAk/IcxiJd4tBfWN9UcTf5xE1eufFAw8lrVwN9gMDleK0SufBW7eJhi5OcOTA4fHgeaaKGvRMyfIM2cY+4wE0loYpfk4oflF2DxSWeWkjwZC84P5JLzqA29htMjbvJlL1BeeccGMvulviwP6cu3qXzIz3eTAMXMgWa+N6/n2rPRjmP8a/2O7hUe+jPvPMT3enOWPeIMLv7j1xdO+esQ/5584dvj+up/HseEjgPQSrj0G/YTeRBFXFnxyQd48Y5qyYx3kRL6nPPk9YxrYlH/7Hs7NAX/pSS8Tpjtx6m0/RT9ySOvQlb5kDxSN/HFcLIUv6c/RGwkSRP2r43MEiyNcHgq2h0s4wBN6gu6Kis20PGnyWMlYqBgJGAgo55R/k5/NNiuVzXmToToJJTgCycBAUOGMHnijU3r0g/WvDGi54447deufQwAAQABJREFUlnR4PQaCDyn6e0Y+B58nXEvi/JkcmBw4SA7sG6vGvrnCGO8EpvHsnwq+7/u+bzEG+Fp3RgSNAwOeUdP8ArcbTRkRRwaYr8wpypur1Kd89YywM7w9Duzrx9LIxXSTA8fMgWR9VDbG9pZfWmNCevvA8rboa4c2eca2FsaX9p9rmPIu0u51WWWk2VvzMxaUXv0XwT1hbi4H1n1LLug3nCv83//937+7/fbbryr0+tphqQ8Q3nJyE3vcm8CVa3yRBTjllcZPRkoLpnR46GL2R+rkyJt8+pIPzUsXhlseWIe7/mLRvofe9rGPfWzxHbCGO7wL0kv+c/RGggRMPyegBMEj7rSt0zMCRRBzFHr/YPDhD394gWUt88qBDTghAp8hAC5GA49bBx/96EcXpd0HPZ7+9Kcv1ivfP2C1shFnfSPEnfYrH60JaHSih/VLGa8cRLt0YcLv6+Ro928McDFoTDc5MDlw+BwwXnONbXOSecKYZh23sJXHf+ITn7j8paGwOYTPgRc2r2WElOY1qNFIoE5w5jBWdrDmHTDV23wUbdPfNgf0ebLGb6O37VZN6icHTudA89xpc1njAQbzoUda5U7HvJ0cbVq7dfuCGdt/Gs/WuIqvcUp3QmuesUflqkd4H7z06Q6TA/UXudCPdBKvWzuxv+2225b9g72GvYcDBzDdZhzLal06Dnj41rIGHgwcHmE4yVJl4KH0h1uco2f5uPub3/zm5Wb1s5/97OWVg3Qih6rk0V6nAxIHveoJ95qe+zFfzt+jNxKM3UoIRidOWAiyhyASDptygiePEYCRgGUMvP/U5cCxQtl8ewiZ67+sZ24dMBI4vXOyT7ANKJtvcR/MoOyzstmcJ5gJO8EvbaRXuDbkS7PRVz+alFO+ASZ/usmByYHD5IAxz43jWVy6xcw4NnfsWwxZvnPNF+aA5i7GTGXbpNmwVV/zhPJgwMqzwPLhme64OEDG9Lv+FS6+r5XJyVou98GelwbXPpmKjnVdYzyYsY59aWN+4YvCBX+Wvw9XaXwuXq3j4Q1+jI/lSl/7a3zrePD78EdTMGt/xFU4mHXZ0/CP5cYy0j3jXBJscOL7wtEw+iNs6eu0dTy4ff5psNGzr8w67TQcIxwYLrzr+Ai7Dq/xj/HCa3xjPJg13mhpvQBXP8nznFZ2jWusT55484w9tMeeurqqO3+Nb8YPhwPJQD7KhNtTuIlo/8DZoyRDGQeWjJOfdV+D5YIXHusQr4y67IXsd+xTlGm/M8IpH14flf/93/992cuBKWOA2wN0Jfsgehi97cqVK4tOBy9Xnfw1PQvAJfy5VEaCff1L+AgE4SF8JjQWK0JO4Cj2/lfTXw+6lkLYfAiDgP3BH/zB8jjlu+VE4X/Uox61nPDByUr1h3/4h7vXve51y40BNxDuvffe5X9FCb3bBd/6rd+6CP44UPbReFYaQfZQJgychLz04mfhmHmTA5MDN4cD4/g0fjnzgU0Vy7d5qPHNB8/PlaZMYXnmM0bLKyeLoFtGn/nMZ5bHQgl3iylY1wHNYeYlT3WMtIGbbnscIBPJhf5snaslrT3rvh7jynOlrePhWvvVO5YVHssXXpcNbqyzcP5YtrQRj7R9MOu04uEY48LSyxvpKi1/XfcYLxy+4pUd6ywvH0z50ipT/uiv8a/jYMe0EdcYXsNVx1i2tHW509KV5YIvHjx/jf+8+LrsOl5d4eaXxl/jX5cf4YWjecRRmXVe6cEW5+9LG/PPC1fXPlwXxT22fSwT7jHtLHrWcOLmFY81TNw+mnKW8thedV32rHpm3kPPgfonPwrIiMdt6w4fRpgxXJnr8dVhv0KJt3bRc7jWLfkONvx1Mxh7GbLlcJfe9slPfnL5Fzp0Pve5z11uXb7nPe9ZDn7BPfnJT16+ndBrmfChnT/d/Ry49EYC7+0SLA8DgJsAhJKQ2Ej7j08GAcLJSPBTP/VTC6x8G29Ghe/4ju/YPeMZz1j+BcH1G98MYChwW8DrBT//8z+/fKuAoJokn/a0p+2+8zu/c/d1X/d1VyfNhDPBbBAUP81PoAl8gt0AXeM8DcdMnxyYHLg5HBjH7DjmbaoYGhkswZiLym/Mm5OkGfv80hv/LO/mIIsoPOYfZSoXnMXVaUCLvcW4vJvDlVnrjeKAfvSQIY/1Sv+TGU6YSw6F63swlZeeK1+ZwuXt80eY6hnTxrDyxYPdh3NMC35MG8Pr/OLhL16Zdbz0ff4+HpxWvvTKFId3DO+r57z8EceIvzbuw3mtadGwxl86fNVXWn51nRYPZ3D7/HVZMGPaGF6XH/GP4bPKrPHvi4/1nIcr2IvC7atP2ZH+MRz+/LPyglnXocw6bYRdh8c6KjvCWFM461eGaXDmFuvMdIfNgbF/91E6riVj/mlrxwhzkbC9idch6VV9Y0k5dCVHlP53v/vdyz+/+Sc6OpxD2Je85CXL4e599923e+lLX7q7++67F32rfdDzn//8xUhgj8RFs/C1jFHwx+wu/Si1kfauP6WecFHibaRMYFmvvP/7J3/yJ4u1yqsCjAYmPMYEp3UMCT4qyNDAwUdYWbPe//73L5Ysrx7YyF85Odnz0bFO9MAT9gfiCHSLBzzFp6A/EK7OspMDDz4HThujFizzwmgcaGHMINCma8RRWHlXAc0zrOwcQwFXueYdZaSJK1fd4VoKzZ9Nc6C+JDvWOI+0Nurlj40Ee5bbV2aE35e/TlvHTyu/D25f2lhe+CyYs/LCsw9mX1rwxtBZ+efRJH/EMYar4zx/rH8MV25fWnmjfxrcmD6GlV3Hz8I3wo7hs8qMeeeFR5ynhc/CMZY5C+56866nb9V1o+jah2eddhaN6zxlpUWjuHnG2lKetcW80ryzAM+fg+XA2J+IFG9/IK5fPbnC6/TyL+pXnk7FSHDLyU1t33tzmJHcgWGk8Cq4vzrsHwykO/DtW3D2QWAc2Crr1Wx/Je+QFl5pnta78OdflOZjhbv0RgLC4lTfyZ0JjdLfBGYwCHu9wHVcV1N8GLBrU4SSwBE0QmkyVIZQullACFmxXHmxUQfr7zj8IwKDBEcQOYLNjfGLCmllK98gHtMX5PNncmBy4CA50FjPt/gZvx5GS0/xbhmANef4rkljPd+CZ665/eSrw+Y4Bk9w4EdXfeY5ZXr/b4SZ4ePhwLgR0vfjWidPGpccFT+NA/LDCWaED0fpY3xfWmVHOGnruLLcvvTSTsN1WrkF4R6c8IXrtLLRGFx+tIR7n1/Z8ipbnL8vrfyL1rEPfsS7bif4i+AGt8YjjSt9jee09PtL3V8uevIrM8padYz4g5M3pod7n1+Z4NfxfWVKC1Z8XT6Ys3zlKwduja/4CDPCjelrWHn2gvzg1jDRJj2Y09LWZdfwyq3TKHX1GX/MR1t51Tn9w+LAun+SgagcjUCl8cd+HtPPCq/LiPu+27Oe9azluwEOdH08Pji0eB73uMctB7NeGaCnodlB7Qtf+MJFZ/vEJz6xHNS6UUnm3EhweOKfGehwoxyGUx3VcxbNlyHv0hsJCBSBaTA0CEbBIQiE1WY74QEnnFBVvjSbcYYDG3V5wXdLoXpGQdyXdi1CGC189E83OTA5cNgcaJ5pHmj+YAhwLc58YSF2a4mjxLOIe9/O4uc7KIyXDJDhMP6FGSKf+tSnLkZJcZb4DJnmJGmVgVsYfjcOhMMjb7rtckA/cvWvW3PSGLPLW69ftXaUj9JGf52/jge7L32dto4ru05bx0/Dvw/uomnhzN9XTt46fR2v/Fl+ZRprxSuzjpd+Lf5pONbp6/hF6zit3LWmV1/lRr9wMPnr9HU8uLP8s8rUL2P5MW1f2X1pY/mzwvvKPpC0xnV17sMlb1/6Om0dD+dpvrodqHm6xQZH/LtWfKfVM9MfOg7oU3sITwcLY5/Wt3zugfYxI5Ob156cPZH64bYv8m9ydDjx6lM/GK8pMAZEFxz2XMHxtYkfzeLty6rzMvuX3khQ5ydECU/pfALTiUtxgsTtg0/YCGku/GO5URArM+Ibw+FZ++EtPYEvPv3JgcmBw+VA88E4jhv35g/pI4wF0utO/pr1Ax/4wLL5euxjH7t8ALVWtggqx7rOyCBsQeXDP843heULs7gzFoxzXrinvz0OJE8o1//6lYz0bubYomRHmnA+HK1nbrkkl/CBS4bAJV/SivPBhT85XKdVX/hPwyW/euHKRcc+/KfRP+JSn7KlFR/pkCfu4br1M9a5hhnxrekIF5jRRQf8nHJga3fl5J2GX94IV9lorU7+CCfuAccJKwtmpL8yfA4MV3rl+NJqk3hwpY3tlAemcuGDPzpqwyiP0TGW3YcfHDzn0RGehdjhp3L8kR9w1k8jzNj209oJPVq5sd51O0f8I9xIBxzVuW6n9MoJ94DzVI4/po34lUeXJ/zRGQ40WEeUA89YQOmDl8tfIvPnIDmg33L1F7++ZvyxJ9Hn0nLBFr8eHw71r/19+5LqThaVGeFGegrzjcXkOplGazDXQ/exlbn0RoJRMBLIhKR4AmgwELxRgIJRpoEiX3p5/HDwE8zSqo/PVXbMvz/ni39HWoSV8YzpX1xqpkwOTA4cAgeaI/bRIs/pPyXf3MJ5bemP/uiPlr/38desbivZiHHNKxa94H1d2olxcxK4sc7CDAT9j7C/dmUocC1vuuPgQP3stROPb+z4To41zW038iJMhsiCR1g5eeSnTRc46dYZaZXDKXHpyiivHHnki49p0sku2HDBAd+YVjkw4Qp/dMjjpEsDN+I/jf7Gljqqcx8uafAGF/5oUzdc6on+sc7olQaOA+cRhw9+8eiXjj/q4OLtteBXb+VG/NpT30nnpNX22kUOuNPol4720/ijbPQGF77aWdnmMXThU3XG63iLtnhbGlh4wEoDM9ImjA4ufoQfvLLREVz4xOETr6y49GDgFYczGO0Dx6/sSEftqtzYpuDW+OOZsuEHW9noqE79F/3y4o8ytak0cQ9c0UYJBBv94S8N/nEMyw+HG28MkX0UvPUFbdEHfrrD5QBZ4PRXTt+TKf1eOvkINvgxXtnzfPj2lStdXnUKo4VfGXTkktH8sVww5DxXWfI7ppd/Wf3rNhLUaWvGlb72g9NhnA5Zd1pl5I9h8QfLJVzwnxaubpP/WXAJ2Vkw8s4TwFHowV/U4VmDl6A3OC5afsJNDkwO3BwOjHOPceu2gEWYQmdzZe4BY1xT4uX5fopXCro2bl5pzI/4CufXwmDNG97ls5mzqbO560r6ukxlp79NDjA6ubrJCPS+971v97a3ve2qESl5aG0+r+/lKxMcOeLGeLjW6cWrU1yYax0tbx9ecOopr3hp0j3GROFgwfQYT9UXnLxc+MLPH/GMG8oxHVztqa6xrLD0YMT3uTVtYE7Dt688WK56Rn5Ij4axntLH9oxh+eLK8MNdXfnSR7xgy4NjLB+cMmA8Y1jZsc51uDLSwz3SdVb5pcApPxephwyof2zPSI8wF23r+ClVXy0TfH54+NYF9ZcWDWA9o3yP/Iie1gzxsQ+Kj+WrIzrqH+nKinvg5Kwh4k95ylOW1+LAKCutuhbA+XOwHBj7XDi5omdw4vqyvBH+ehqVbFW2+CgvpYEZ0yuTX17+WC6YfX7yuy/vMqadaySo8zFnDI8Ml24yaSMbI4Pnc8rUYeLSiwsHL2+66+MAHo/P9WGZpSYHJgceCg4Yq+P8KEyB6x8JWoyDscFyumMho9T7FkFzKHrH8D76lQ8u2OYL87e03iGVPt22OaC/kzG+kz83RHxfh6GJrLkCzLV5D54sJC/7uACuMpXnJ1flhWNMDy6Ys8on++rjxni4pcuPdjCeNnyVAceFq/rFhcGNeEpXZh/9wcuPlhEuXPK5kQ55Y/x+iC/8BcOBC3bEWZ1fWOrzsWCDi7YRl/BYj9Li1VlYuvKlhwvu6hlxSQcjT7i88IVrXX6sf19YWriFw1uYXx37wtIqr+xZDhwZAlcZ8JXTBntf9Y3tEc7J4yozxgsHu/bVya3hwpWRYB+MtJHmcEVbeeGqjjEuXPq6fHDVLQ6mMWcdYXz2PS9/MxcePlhPtMAx3eFxoD5DWWH91l5BX+vD8g6vBZOiB8qBc40EdT7BGJ24vCYaQsONE0nhJg6+CbVJNx+envDmj3XO8MU4YNDOgXsxXk2oyYGbzYH1XMdA8JnPfGb52x7zYld+0clo4IRGmi/zOhk2965x1CbpPS3o5TUXi8Pn+wWURn8n5K9ebexSICsz/W1xYNyEW3/FvaJCbp7whCcshoLkp3wtJDNg+We54MAoz1WnOPkNhzA3xi9Sfil0xk9488PPH+tfo5AXjcFVZoQN3xp/8fzaXzxcxeGUVvpYx/WGR9z7cER7fn26jsNTGjzF+YX34Zc2lhMHz+FHsrCGkR9eeZWRzpW3Di+Zw09wlT+rnqHYhYPwVkeFxrjwWTI0ti3alOGKh/c0P/j8yoW7uHyPeGnBSB/prP7Sxeur5DhZAcON6eLn1WF9sa64DRc8HNUT3iVz/hw0B5KjiMxIoC/14+zLOHN8/rlGgpo8CkGTg7wGfINf3EmX5//8n/+znIjZ9JowmjRsRk0cfFdpvXtnMtmHt/qnf3EOzEF7cV5NyMmBm82B5tDoME82d1LsvU7A55z+eiXAGGck8Jg/x/k5PHzpynj/3JzbXwRJh1NdfH+P6GbCBz/4wd2HPvSh3a233nq1zhHfDG+LA/Wv/k5GrLPJVe8Ja9W4ERzDp7X4IjDh5Y/1Fx9xCJfOH/OWjD0/6zKVC7Q6i6/966ljX51jvdV5Edxreh6s+D6ar5e+cKG1tu6j+3rx78N1yGnxI16s4zeL9ovyf03vOh79Z6XX9mDXfrQER18QLr6Gn/HD4oD+smYkA8Jc8XX/Hhb1k5oHwoELGwmqJKHYN7idcnmX9tOf/vSyyXUqJW7Dy2ggnzHAFVmbVacZNqfCNruMBglfQlm9058cmByYHDg2DrS4alcKnXnS3CluvnSa37zYFXEw5k3zJ6t+83HG2uLw/sVf/MXuIx/5yGKQveWWW5b5t3rhVYaDTzl1M+y6Lgr3dNvlQHKjvz2d/Oxr0SgzY3iEheNa3RrXOn6t+M6CH+m7aD3KjLDhKC2/esf4WHZMD3bML+1a/LPKn5W3rmMfbWuYi8TVuc+VXj3F98GellZ7xrLwlV654sFVZ/lrP/jSi1de+hpHeWfVr1xwwg+Gi9Z9uM/K2we/Tqv8uu1jPBhlx3TxMU/8NGd9GcsWH9NOKzvTD4MDY1/pd33oaT0pXx6Xvz4AOYzWTCquhQPn7gD3TQQJhIrk27gyDPgI0hve8Ibde9/73iVucyrfZpNAgeM7+XKq5d1IG1PXWv3X93Oe85zd4x73uGXj2+bmWhpz2WEbmPXLvr677Dya7Z8cOCQOmEsbpy2ojKpeN/BaAeOpuRKcuVNaf13HQOCp3Gnt+tjHPra78847F2PD7bffvvOXiU6QzbHqVh4edYl//OMf333yk59c6jI/T7dtDiRf63W7Vsnn9uUnn8Gu/XBLX+Mpb186+OorXxq3jt+fuv83HOWu49FQ/uiP9VwELtyVEy8Mb/ljHcLBBH8a3Lpc8coXv1Zf+eocw/AUr47T4Kqz/OKVL77PH2HGesb0feXWaZVdp4uXt6ZvhA1mTCt8Vl4w+WMdY3jMH/EVDnYdr9w+vzKn5cEFJpzgTiszwuzDd1padYz5Z+Faw6MnmuS1XqVkjnhn+DA5UJ+hTh/S5RxiOKzw1Jf1c/5htmZSdS0cONdIcBYytwM+9alPLX/J9eY3v3n32te+djEQEKDRJTDjBNGNA8LFKf/Wt75199znPnf3zGc+c/foRz/66snWiGuGv5AD6wm53HhefPqTA5MDh82Bxuxf/uVfLjewGFfdruqdcWPdnNtXoyn2X/IlX3J1A6Z142IubgE3R7/73e9eDAOPecxjdl//9V9/9WaCOuG14HdrwKsJDBVrXPBNt20OtN5qRf2b3I0tSy6k7csfYQuv4Yrn74Nb5wVzUX/f+jemnYX/tLx1+lnxeLiP3nU5MPvS9pUt7VrhKzf6I46LhJUd4UZ+juERboQf0y8aHuFOw3Va+lhWeO0ql1/+Ol762tdmDvwYljbyYwzLy63rWceDux4/XPkjjnXaOj7CnhY+rcyYPobh2RfHm9P4c1rdM/0wOaB/W0cc+No3NA/q45xw6aVNf3scONdIMA74cZDbVNqwfuITn1gUfAaCe+65Z7EwOaGST0BclfVXXX2FW5k///M/X66z2gxz4GxM3/GOdywTDKHrC8yu2053bRzQZz3XVnJCTw5MDjyUHBgX1azx5kOPBZjfgizMUfzNr+ZG3yvgKrtEhh9zad8sAMPAwPgw1muuMGfDx/e6gTl6uuPgwLhuJ0PJ1P/P3p39alZc5+Pf+t19LUvGcQA3YzfQQDM0zQxmxgw2EfGQwQ6yIiWKEiVS/pXkJhdOLqzE2ImxY8vGxpgpYDMPzTw2UwPNZAajxLnJ1a8/ZZ6menNOv+/pM/R5T6+S9lu1a1z17P2uWmvVsPse5p0Yj/l9nj4t8eNy/X3CyTv21Zc8qbu/F54rXj19Wl9v8vdxewr37cnX3yc8X/m+rXHePm2u8vJPytOXS/0LKaN8zxv6OvqwfD09fVha3LjtPt/ehNWrTmUT5u+pruTr80wqE7r7dvryiVcPl/y/u1vcb+pOneP7aWufq9x8z1adyT9f/cF9PrqUH6elrsSn/bSV+L59cbkSL394Ueosf/Uh0D9Xz9pz9NzEkxXECec90IO8A/FXX6+KooUgMNFIkMq8CC6KPSHSAVfPPvtsU+xtL3DYlSWsvsHs292HHXZYO3PA508o/C4vlaWyDALvvPNOu1599dW2tNZp2uJ++ctftpO1xZ966qntBGbLYM2YWXbL9S9k6Ntf/fwR+S7PiALBL1cIFAKrH4H8hyM0+f/isZR5BoEo+fJR+vE/Pn4bI2rqmKu3+Oa6desaX33rrbfa1wvwaO0ppz7bCvBYfMNWBysJtM2F30pLO+EvuZ+r3YpbHQjkveqpmStu/CzH9335PjzO19/34b5MHx7n6e/nCyvfp/X1LTQ8rqe/78OT6l1IXnUtd/7Q2z/rvs0+PKanT+vDqTN+n7ZU4Wlp6dvbmzJ9+T6cvsWfD7+9aXNcJm1M489F47S0zVd/X2cfHtM5Tkt9aX+u9LniUu98aam3/NWBgOfUj/W5J3+QU6waj5yQZ7s6KC8qlgqBiUaCCIZeDqsAGAPuv//+4Ve/+tXwzDPPNEF1/fr1w8UXXzyccMIJbSlrzhrwIhFQGQeEuZxL4MUiBGMyDAT2zarvqaeeauF77rlneOSRR4aNGzcOV1555XDuuee2OtQTxrRUIFQ9hUAhUAjsCwQy6IbPooEh1WcIbcmiuOdAQXkMzByemlUELWKeH2XkVY9zY15++eWBoQCv5hgA0GDFl+0LDA94s/YZKhhopXPx1dnft5v6KQQKgUKgECgECoE1g0DG+r5DZJBMHNDvyA7RycRzZIXIC33ZCs8eAhONBB50XhRGggiaZppsITjkkEPaoYPOEDjiiCOGww8/vAm1eWlAEkFUXTEWBCovnK8cmNliXLA1wUGGhFlbGbS3ffv24ZhjjmlpyoUe4XoRoVCuECgEZhWB8LD4OZzQCoJc4Xl8l7zSpnEUf583VMY2Aiu5tJGVWWk32w3Uib8zEiRNXNpNXO6llSsECoFCoBAoBAqBtYdAL3eYRHCJI0fQC2M06PW+tYfC/tmjiUYCsBAKvRBm/H1Ky+exNm/ePJx00klthv/ggw/etezVrBXXC5ARKlvCh2nC4pOfoYCB4PTTT28rDGxnsPWAb0Ztx44dbQsDYTdlW6B+CoFCoBCYUQTCJ8MjGU3xO7w22wlY6uMMzgZkBgLpk5x68Uy81YD+3nvv7fpyASNBBnV0xOgQXs9Qa/tY2gmNk9qs9EKgECgECoFCoBCYbQSM+WMZhcxgsleaiYV+dbe8XF9uthEo6qcyEgQm+1o///nPt5UDlq9aNUDQHAuPeVFSLuni88IljZ/8yUco3bJly3DkkUcOzibgrC6wcoEQLZ8r1quWoX4KgUKgEJgxBMLzwstiJPBFAkv9+wFZ17Jdi3E1Cv6kLhvIbVmwOoDibyUBvt3zXQO99nLArDy2gFnJhc/3K8DQGh48qe1KLwQKgUKgECgECoHZRGCss5m0sNWRTGDSgswS+SXyjJ724dnseVENgamNBB44wZLi7sXgvCzjF6EXPL04XIRZefv8fd6WcecP4TdCqO0HeRm9kHlZU0f8lC2/ECgECoFZQmDM0/C+//3f/23nEuB5vTFAXqsB5Mms/6S+KoNP490MDLYQWKnAF8epD4/2uUWXMpYQyuN8BGniODy3v2+R9VMIFAKFQCFQCBQCaw6BjP3jjpEbXNJ7Xcy9S1o/uTAuX/ezgcDvvqm1B1rzgsT30M30uwiLrEhJSzX9CyMPJ0+f1718yeuFivGhF0IJsjEQzFU+bZZfCBQChcCsIRD+Fx+Pc6ArhZ4hwDYBvBa/FO9MAXnwxXzZYE99Vm+2G8jPAPHCCy+0VQIpJw/+yzHKasuWsjfeeKMZCUKb+HKFQCFQCBQChUAhsH8gEB0uMgLZxGQFOSTbDYJEZARlykAQVGbbn3olwbibXgZXzhTw4lii6hImWHpJIoDGACB/4vju5ed76Tjh5CcME5KdWUBozks4pqfuC4FCoBCYRQTwNAMwvodnGmDdu2wTiDEAnzSzz48xYZr+qtM2AnwUX2UA8ClbRgc8VXt4MV6Lz2pT+muvvdbORtAeGuSJC725L78QKAQKgUKgECgE1g4CZJN+3NczYz+ZgNxADoneJm2cV1y52UZgopEgDz2+F4Nzn7i8SIRKn0g028VFsPRS5UUisOYlI6ASjNVpaav8efFiDCDc+rKBfL6AEJe2c7+/+8ELDoXN/v42VP9nBYH8b/E3YYq72X58MKuoYmzFV/HOKPb8SU6d+IH6YnhNO+oSHycsr/bkka5M2hHHpb6UK78QKAQKgUKgECgE1hYC0SWM/eQDPlkl8gpZIXKDnktXJv7aQmP/7M1EI8EkWPIyEGDvu+++4Uc/+lH7dCHh0svjYiDI977NhFmqIt1sFQGUMMw3g5W9sMpZJmv264ILLhguvfTStl9WXk67XF7idlM/hUAhUAjMEAIZUKOw45Xhj+GffPzynXfeGd5///2mxOOntgZMcuGP8juYkPNp2RdffHHYuHFj+2ytOPzUwC+PQ2IdcuiLMgwWaIrhAC1c6m039VMIFAKFQCFQCBQCawqB6HfplHGfDEBW4NPXsrJRXOSC0s+C2Oz7izYSeCm8EFYCWEmwdevWtuWA0u/l4RyGRdh0EKGXyonZET4DoVUE9t/K42VTnwO2NmzY0MoQorm8hPFTvvxCoBAoBGYNgQzC4Wf4ni1bnAMH87UB+SjrLvzRNY1LfgbXAw44oBVhAMCDGWm50GDQt93gkEMOGZ577rnGf7N6Qb7QmPzxpZUrBAqBQqAQKAQKgbWHQMb+9MzYTycjo2Q1gTgXOUL+cZmULX+2EFi0kUB3vRic2SqCaM4l8AIdddRR7YsIZr1cXiDGBJ/i8pkvM2TKK+tTWy6Csdk0S2/Xr1/f6iDkKhuXNutFDCLlFwKFwKwhgI/hYeFnlPoMsgZhK6n4MbjiqYyp+GXPD+frd4wJVmAx1ipjNZcVCepN+8pr22qurDhgTGCoxaOzdUy+voz7coVAIVAIFAKFQCGwdhGIjMInO7jIBnyuDANr89kviZGA4GnlAME1S1UPPvjg4ctf/vJw1VVXtZkpwi7npTJb5uyC2267bbjuuuvaPWPCNddcM1x++eVtNQGhOEtcGQ0YGLTBlZDaYKifQqAQmHEEougbaCnpeCMDKccgECOofPjg8ccfP6xbt64p8lkZMAkC9eKlVggcdNBBw69//eth27Zt7esFmzZt2lVcGwwQ6mcUsNqLkQA94d8yh6b4uyqoQCFQCBQChUAhUAisOQQy3vNdkV3WXEerQ7shsGgjAQHUbBWB8plnnmmz/3/yJ38yXHHFFcOZZ545HHroobuWxsb6RGAl7K7fuUrgxBNPHG666aa2usDyV4cTumII6H3hcoVAIVAIrDUEDLgxEjAU4HWMAjnMlY+X5vBW+c36T3LqkRfPtUKA8fatt94atm/fvmsllzROPiu2GHrVbSVBvoQwqZ1KLwQKgUKgECgECoG1g0AMA70eFj1OHN2P3MC5j7yRcmsHif23J4s2EnhJrA4w20SotALg6KOPHs4555w2IxVovVheJldeOF8tEH7ppZeGJ598sm1BYGwgzCZP/7IlLK1cIVAIFAJrAYExr7NiCp/EW3NQK/5pNZUZfXzQffjhnjBIHj6jg5UE6rVCAK/Fu2MkQAdjRA6MlScHzaaN8N74qT/p5RcChUAhUAgUAoXA2kTAZAb5g7MlnM7nnlwReSAyzdpEYP/q1Ueb/Pey314GL4hzCByGRai1QsDS1hgFVJ2XRzgCJqFXXoKr2TOnd3sB5e3zz1c+9UgvVwgUAoXArCHQ8zAKuZn7KO62G8SFl8rvcj/mkcnb+6nfAG6FwBFHHNEG83fffbedS5B0vvqsILDlgKGAIwS4IhQk31w8um+3woVAIVAIFAKFQCGwdhAw7mcCw+SCSQWTGuQLLvLE2ulx9WTRKwlA6EXxclDwrSig8HuZxi9MBEwvGScPodjyV1sNHKzFqcdLl/wtsvvpy3fR+2UwGMGSc0+gdyVtvwSmOl0IzAgC4ZX+r3gn/ue8AQp7Bt90Rd7+v55w0sd+6sYzrdDy9QKGXHyXUZbPWCsfnoEHMyT4ygyHHlecesJX4iet/EKgECgECoFCoBBYWwhkrCcj0PfICWQGqwikjd0kuWScf3++D37BzL0reu4YG5M27733XlvlSX7zBaqUJds5G5BMZ6LH6tHIkOqUj0/GzApSz5Qbt5f8izYSpNEsiyVQItpS1gif6QBCEOTepYP2xprVQnAMA+lUX07Zch9HYC6Mgu/Hc1dMIVAIrCYExv/fMGyrCPDPfjVB0sZl9tSf8Ft51GVwj1E3qwRSPgYA6dnWIE4dBgwuvvBC6JC/XCFQCBQChUAhUAjMFgIZ6/lRMiOP6Ilw5Ifkna0e7htqMyGu9Sjl8HNJi+IeTP/v//6vGQhs0feFQFv8reIXz9HDrcw/7LDD2hlWvhbIaBCXuunbVqyqP23IExqSn79oI4FKVGyJ6pFHHjk8/fTTw4033tiU/pNOOqkdtMWagRDLUuRlffL5w3vuuWe4+eabh2effbadX+AQQ8KpPF66GAu0UW4yAnkBkjMvVu7LLwQKgdWHAH7H8Q0M+CR+auafoSCDhf9zFPZp+WMGAPkZCQwaGzdubIMJg0HaDiryWcEQCzRDglVeeLa6iqcEqfILgUKgECgECoG1iwD5oNcrIoOQByKrUDgjZ8Rfu4gsbc+i45K7YMfnhF1kL1+jspXfivtXXnmlHfL/xhtvDDt27GgGgkzKK0d2tFqULu6g6w0bNjSZj+HAEQDSyHdkv6wkUI7Ls/7d3UeTQEtiJNAZRFx44YWtE/fee+9w5513NmHUJ7ZYMix9sIQ2BoIXX3yxGQd0FuFf/OIXh8suu6ztm/UiBrwQXP70CPR/6ulLVc5CoBDYVwj4z7IGGxTwPgYChgJx7g3IPhtr9ZUBQNo0zqCjbjwanz3ttNOGq6++ug00p5xySjMW9PVoSz4Xg612nZWAjn5Vw3hA6euocCFQCBQChUAhUAisPQSM/WahyRb8GAzIGNL45aZDYCxHwQ6utu3bUvDII48MDz/88PDcc8813ZphAN4mjxgEOKsHyGr8yGtPPfXU8Pjjj7d7Z1ExCvgylol7cp+vC0bOy/MiJ3LaR1d08EUbCVSoEVYJXzXYsmXL8Oqrrw4vvPBCMwKwcjAS6IRG5XdqNqsI4ZPxgOB61llnNctHiAxY6UCjvn7mRcBDdfVu/AL2aRUuBAqB1YFAmDMDgaVjeKSZfDwzA4EtWY8++mizKvtfS3NN4o99urCB4dRTT23WZasKspoADeEf2mQQ4LsYCAgDXHhKaF4dCBYVhUAhUAgUAoVAIbCUCMw3zpMDyBP0PlcUyvnyLyVNa6muyFOwTJisRYdmIHjwwQfbl//IhQwHdGmT7fRmF7yDPyMB2ZHObdu/Mrb9Z2Kezh3d2+qE888/v509lbYZGDzH8TNctJFAAxzLxrnnnttmwCxnvfXWW4cHHnigLYmIgKlxFzB8r/tzn/vccNFFFw1nn312s3AQYDkd5VJ3u6mfQqAQKATWGAIZGHQLQ8fY8UsHB+KpGXyfeeaZ4Zvf/ObAQvzXf/3XzSq8fueXYaZxaQM/teTMIIPHxkAwroOBQD5GBGWtXjBAlSsECoFCoBAoBAqBQoA8QVZxRcGMrFHoTIcADGEW54yBJ598crjhhhuG2267rYVNBpnYueCCC4aTTz65rQLIwdbkuCj2fHUxCngm5EmGga1btw733Xdfkx1t8VcvHd2qhGuuuaYdVK2NyJrR09WNvkUbCXTOC9Iq22lRsr3A1gMrAwi29lC8//77zbKhA6wdjAFHHXXUcMwxx7Sls5ZDICxEBThx5RaGQI9ZH15YLZW7ECgEVgKBfoCw/z/KOIux1QQOEbSKwMBhyZlwtiAoO+1/PLxVfnvSuMSln7nn49EMFdpimUbbuK2FtJ82yi8ECoFCoBAoBAqB2UAgMorxvw+j3kpDM9l0Nm4sI7TI+pkXgR5PSvstt9wy3HTTTW0lARnwK1/5SjMKnH766cOxxx7btuNHfhvLX31dadA5f3RyE/i2q2aFv60MTzzxxHDdddcNV1xxxXDmmWe25xhd3nPMM120kQBhsUAQLlVOwDQbZd8sC4hDFyxzkM7CYQaLkUA+e2/T2RClg/Km3nS4/D0jkD8oP+E9l6jUQqAQ2JcI9DwPHWHSVhGw7rIKx3gQaz1Dq2tcdq5+hLfiBwnjrcr25Xs+Li8eTQDgMlMgnDqEi8dAoVwhUAgUAoVAIbA2ETDm97LCuJfSe7lgnF738yNAhorMZ+af8m5Shvzl7IDNmzcPFH1fK6BPM8hEfov8Fexz37cmzVkE9HEHGTqTwGSTDwzY0mDlgnZNBmXbgvKpU3iikaDP3IcVRizHAGAPhJmv7JMg4K7/cDksi4i9FSwXDAYsIT7fYOkEI4Jyfd0xEPRxraH6mRcBLwi8XPDjlysECoHZQMB/1uWcFoPGEUcc0QyoFHX81eCBkbvHPzH9hbrwVQN+z1vF93ExUKDBVgPtG7gymKXdvo7ElV8IFAKFQCFQCBQCawOBXvkUpkzyyQ0mMMgF5fYeAVi6bPE0488gYDsBnwxGf+bIW64YbMbyV5+eNPWSGU3Iq9PkvDMAfULxtddea/VpQx5luNATuXCikUABM0n87HnwUnhRWCEeeuih4e67725WCctTzznnnHbWAKsF54AEyyeuvfbadkojYwInLyOBcwmuuuqqduAhwRexQAiBLXP9FAKFQCGwBhEIY8dfhbOsnyGABRifxTPtLaOw45viGWEzEOwJFvVy8mZwyX385HGPt7tYrTfs/HyOJWq2QISu0MnvyylbrhAoBAqBQqAQKATWBgK9fKJH7q1ujDxhRWN0Nun0tpINILEwB0+T5fThYNvX0OvDwi6yYe/GuKtHXMpmZT7fmQS2L3Dkvej2yc+PvLh7K32LH4bHxPT3liv41OHNN988vP76601wNetkNQHLhRfIygGfcLC8gZDLadw5BQ42NEOFQOcSOKOgd+lkH1fhQqAQKATWCgKYcfgcPuiesdQAYOUABo7n5pJuUJYuPI1L/cnrHg+OL1796kODNLxbXLY7SBOffMqM6xVXrhAoBAqBQqAQKARmHwHjvitjPd+kMZ8sQEbJfWQEvZbOiSs3PwLBVY5gRs7ieuU9cTAXzr18MJZ3HCetr9993FzPRd2R/5RL2YlGglSmAhfhlLJvBcH1118/fO9732uzXGnc4QsMA5YymIm66667mhHhnXfeactkHcTlpTI75ZNfPvPAsOBrB1/72tfaDFYITZ3lFwKFQCGwVhEIc7c3DF/EY/NlAzzXFw+s2uIo74wI4cvTYNLnzUCE977xxhttcLGsLSsT1CePFQuMvVYQEAR6l/oyiPRpFS4ECoFCoBAoBAqBtYNAxvooqHQ0bqyrJV9khLWDwPL0ZC6cgmEwlif6t+2oZDWOvEhWdCkjv3wmdvJcGA/IjHx5OL7nmB0C2boq3qU9V/JPNBK0Wnf+5OUgrP7sZz8bvvWtb7VtBoRIWwuOO+64VrG9Dk5o9NkFS2YtlSVk+tqB7zJaLYBgxgGfY9i2bduwffv2VsbeiEsuuaQtu9BZRAao0FF+IVAIFAJrDQG8Di+lvGPQeKcl/8JvvvlmU+j12f40TJ8LQ2838/yM86gPb/XVmV/84hfNAPGlL32pbffKwMBnJHCoLGMFuvLVBeOA8vIIlysECoFCoBAoBAqBtYeAsX48zkcxFU++cMWRC8otDIHouvCE3xhD+rJJdqvvHTrIUJAzBJT1PORRzrOg/EunOzMYCPM5bSSvsAMSbT2gl6uHy/MMHRONBGmYr3Gz/g4g9EmuGAjOO++89pkFwqvveBM+rSaIhcNM1ZYtWwb5jj766CZkOkQBsfKp06yWizBKQEZoGQjaM6ufQqAQWKMI9Aw5KwQwfiuu8E9GA4ZWvBZTxxt7y28Y+XzwJF2dnHv14OVWfRl4YphIHums1drKAIRXu4onz4d0xRcChUAhUAgUAmsHgcgnZAIu9/Epn+QC95E1kk9cyrXC9fMxBMhcPUbBNVhKJ5+R1WzZ77foyxOZLM8gdUXOS330anWRK+UR755uTp48/PDD2+STcmk7dU80EiSj3rFmOIPgjjvuaAcSskLYIvBHf/RHwwknnNAsFo899lgj4vvf/35T+BkOzj777OFP//RP26GGZqYQ6fMOtiNwN954Y9ueAAjtpaM6EoJbxvopBAqBQmANIYC/hWHjfYwBLL94K4Ucc3duS85uMbvPwDqtiyU5PFW5DDz4OQOtQYjr8xg4rCZAn3RGBeXkERe6+eUKgUKgECgECoFCYG0hMJ4UiE5GViEP0O+ieOq5dC4yQrupn3kR6GUueMIvmAtLt72fXv0f//Efw2233faxuiKLJUEZdfXx6kz9ycdfv359Owj7zDPPbKtGxeUZh46JRoJk9FJY5uCwQucNcE5j3LRpU1P2heV1f+GFF7atBC+88EKbiWKt8HkHM1OcuuRlJPA5BisTnKJNYCWMxpUAGiTKLwQKgbWIQBiyvtmWlS8Y4JX4HyXf5w9djAe+bGBQDg+dhIkynAEiAxJfvFUC4l29c48/M0gQAmx3sM0stPK54s89ahUuBAqBQqAQKATWFgLkgYz1ZAeyARnARV8ji0Q2SL61hcDy9ga+cI18ltZgCVeTQnRl8hjs5e/jnR3lEk9H90VBW/jzoQBynu0EVvGTHcmUnpv26Oa2G8jTP8OE0TLRSJAOINil4exPNdtkZYAG4oQtVdWxlNExwmbqyktGUFVHwOFLiwDcE5r6y58bAVhxwVy48INCuUJg9SLg/8rhjfhqthXgqxxe+O677zYDAh6Kr1plkHIt0x5+whfCY2XVlsFCHeLdx8mfuPBpNMiPX6e++NPSkfrLLwQKgUKgECgECoHZQCBjfHwKpvGffEDfE5+09Ej6OC5p5e+OQC+b7Z7yO32O3OcsKl8AJP9ZVWrS/fjjj2+XeOdXWfHJSOBLg/I/+uijTab0UQAr923398wYCTw37arPWYDiPa88tz78kXY/pu7D+3SAn4KERo5wqVKKvkbce4EYCawskJYXKnn5fZ0AUF5exHPq4uolazDUTyFQCKxxBPA6jJsiHoaty5i+VQSMB+vWrWuXAWBa3jhXPvyX0s8QoS1tMFDEkKuMPO7l6Q25c9W3xh9Nda8QKAQKgUKgENhvEci4T0+j/0Wfs/qR3iYueaIr7rdgLWHH4QxfMhp8fSTA4f4Omz799NN3HWRNnuPIcSbybSW99957hx/96Eft3ocFrrzyymZoUGevh1u1mgkgzzfPMeGJRoL0VwEKv5eCwMqNlfm8HBpJWoRRAnDiUmdeLoKo2TFtqF876nKVKwQKgUJgrSOA12HUFHM8M7wSM8+ZAYyvzgmgtIeRLwSXMP2UCb+2lYB1OsaA1I0/h99nlQP6yhUChUAhUAgUAoXA2kcg8oCekiHixJNVenklaWNZI/HlLwwBMpqVpI8//vhg+z4Z8KKLLhquvvrqtsVgXJt0qwqOOuqoYf3O8waU+fGPf9wOqCZfmmDi8hzzbHPf69wJT6WFpwIVCsdqlJdDHGGWS540Lm+WNiQfI4B08QwO8qQswsRLT50tsX4KgUKgEFiDCIS/Usq53qDa80eGA4o8P2X2Bo6U1Q7HQOCbu1z4tjzC2sKf0RZ+nPKtQP0UAoVAIVAIFAKFwJpHgH5GJnAJkwUiF+h8yQZL+wrAlgxoNWkOrzbzzxhALpMezPl5NnRsq/kZDDwnkzxkvDwrsp0rZft79bqSNpWRIBXEaqRRcSrSuCsVIpLriSFgypMVAhFOzZAJqwcQ6ujLaadcIVAIFAJrHQE80jIxM/d4a/goHsgCzLfiygE1WRq2EEzw1lzqx8utSsBvfYbW52ezYkGcvAwS2ZLQDxrSyhUChUAhUAgUAoXA2kegH/NjINBrcgF5ITJD8pExyi0eAXIfudCX/6z4JJO54Nw/h3FL0ujb9GsHHgo70NDz4vK8xs8psqfySZtquwGCFFBxnDDLhq8SbN26te2VJVASOB2YQOjkEPXyyy+3PJZNsIIgnFDsKwmWQyhDQLWUFQBc2mw39VMIFAKFwBpGAD9lIOBiRMUD33///cZnpR900EHtkBl8VtpCeWRvdGUkYHDAn/FxAxBDLgt1ny9hRlw8Ol9dQOdC21emXCFQCBQChUAhUAjMBgLGeS7jPZ88QnagTM6lrCbvbPRwdVNJJ7ZNIHrzb3/72+GDDz5oyj/5LFjT0RkDPA/uxRdfHLZt27ZLrmMsUIdnF7kuZedCIGlTGwlU0guxhEaE+nyhZQw+zeVcAcaBGAkQ7cCFJ598si19cAqjWTBEcoTThx9+uBkJCKgMB7F0xIrRMtZPIVAIFAJrFIEYYPE+TByTxyMxabwVD+UMFAaMDATT8Mgw+j6vOO1Q+BlmKf/aEK9deXMxJmgTv/eJ2ixfQ0/qFi5XCBQChUAhUAgUAmsLgcgOxnuO31+RVZJvbfV+3/YGzuQ+ny+kV1P8H3nkkeHEE09sOrUJI7jHYEOu46w8MHkvP/lOPpNC6ouBICsN0sM808h+eZ5TGQlSKQIIlYwBGmY0+NnPfrarUeni+AjQiLKPPfZYMyYgJoQkTwjUCfWKj5M3hCau/EKgECgE1hIC+Bx+iXcacDF8PmclAeOpT9UcfvjhzXrc88hJOIR/aoPLPWOtPWsGIAPKc889107L/cxnPrOrSjQwWGiPEcG+OJ/eYVzgMi7sKlCBQqAQKAQKgUKgEFgTCJABMs5HdkjHxveJL3/pEICxr1pdfPHFw/bt24e77757+O53v9smj6666qrhtNNOa8q/yZxM4j/99NPDD3/4w+Gmm25qWww2b948nHnmma2ePEvPdSxHamuuZ/qRRj5FvyxFdWriOeecMzzzzDNtrwThUYOuCLMET/dWByCe0CtM4JRHGqGVoMo4QFhlKdm0adOu7QbImYvgKcjcb7PANAqGcOG3374K1fEZQsB/1idrrBowY49nuqy0wvjN5DPOWq2Ft0bh18Vp/uPz8QL8HP+1V42RQPtxeDT+nO1htiOgMVsO5Juv3tRRfiFQCBQChUAhUAjMJgJRKskoWcZORiEfRPaQJ+H4elvywd4/82AX3OnHvmpge//999/fvljAYHDYYYe1zxpS+MmK5LNXX311ePbZZ5sueO655w5//Md/PJxyyilNpsxzyXOdhsKJRgIvQyokqJpJYpkgrBIq7Y/QIfk4Ai3BUhyiU9ZMmbAXTMelczrHSGCW7OCDD96VX1qAEi43GQF/0FyTc1eOQqAQWA0I4J2MqHxKOwMB3odfUtQp8/gm3opfZiAOD91TH8Z5wlN7AwAezgiAL7s4bcdY4d7g45IeXh86pJcrBAqBQqAQKAQKgbWDQOSF6HF61usY5IFsE5dHfn7JBtO9A2SpHs/gLU44hhn363d+0vDss89usqIt/M70s7rTloLkM2nvoEPy3bHHHjswEhx33HFDVoh6XnmWaWsSpRONBKlQZ2wHOPXUU5tCT2Ck+Ic4nZDXC0OgFSZkEmrFuSLgio+gmW0J4hzMlaWskwiv9N0RyIvW+9O+BLvXVHeFQCGwkgj4n1LUMfgYBfBPYYfNYPT45/HHH9/ixgPLJFrxhLHDb21h0IYDZZ0lg2+Hn8tvQMGPxRmMrDgIby/eMka07guBQqAQKAQKgbWHQGQI4z7ZhEwgLhMXkRuSb+0hsDw9gmXverlKOI68Rv7j08G379x64ND/N998s8mNJuylkdcYBKw82Lhx43DSSSe1bQYm+DnPJ8+IHJnnlnbm8icaCfpClHxLXl1c3yENpsOEy77xdBZxydfnSbo60wHhctMj0GOYUoVlkCi/EFi9CPifYvJm8/2PrSYw+FLgzzrrrLZqi5HgmGOO2Y3Jy7vQ/3jy48+MvgYVxglWaYaCGH7l076Bh4+2t956qxkzICl9b9pfvU+hKCsECoFCoBAoBAqBIBB5IffG/N5IQHZwWTVOTphW8Ux95e+OQHRosbAP/sGdDEj5hzOZzGXlgEOllTXRbkW+lf7KRt9Wnou/kOc00UiQRhCgAVeITwc0Lj2KfwwEvcApD5cyPRh9fMtUPwtCIA8+/oIKV+ZCoBDYpwgwAFhJYHUWvkgx5+OjTqRlQcZLKfThv9MSHH4rf19WfKzL4dcZOKQJu+TRrsGIIBAek3FhWjoqXyFQCBQChUAhUAjMHgIZ98kGvbzAMODKKvGxXjd7PV1ZiiOTxdc6PRqOsE68cPRpedx/+tOfbrKZeLIjZ+LHBBOnbJ5Hwv2zS1rLvIefiUYCxHAa4VKxe59AdDK2E7hZMxDrZSFU6oClss4bIOgSKkOoenoA3MfJkzbjJ638+RHI85k/R6UUAoXAakPA/9Z5BJRwxoKcSWCgwP/wU58dFA4/7AeRxfTHYIJP49EGenSoW5v4PGMF3s230sGMQfGZxSBeZQuBQqAQKAQKgdlBoNfJUE0OySSCMFkhssns9Gp1UDoXbr0iT/mPbCjeFtFMFukBucwKTzq4SRz1kSMZCw499NAmv5HhPKPIbvKQ8aZ1E3OmE16KEE+YdBq27zD+/Oc/HxyiYKkqAdPMk44cccQRbT/EpZde2g5b+OxnP7urfIhL3fHF9+Hxy5ly5X8cgeDGT/jjuSqmECgEVhsCjKsMrpRwCjkeit9y+T/39zHULrQf4Qvhq1kl4B5PDw35ggJ+H1qcR2CwseKhXCFQCBQChUAhUAisbQSiWPa9JIvQ9TiyCDkhskWfr8KTEYgs1uMMS7LgK6+80nRsXxJ0bpTJIl8p8DlDHxBgGLjtttuGX/7yl8NTTz3V7rWovK8eyHvJJZe0T1vLL76XIydT97scE40EqSgGAi8Hgh977LH2HcZ77rmnWTJ00gvD8mF/xNtvv90OuzJblQMJCZ9xCA5A4hLmpy55yu0ZAVjFwau/gmnSyy8ECoHVh4D/LL5JAc9ysRgCMHXh/K9RL9z/7/e2RwwS6nIYIb6OBsYCNGTwjwAg3icZDV6c9OIve4t8lSsECoFCoBAoBEQSCMwAAEAASURBVFY3AuSDuIz3ZBJXdMLIKtKTJ2XK3zMCwTcYWgVg0mj7zoMJ77jjjoF+bULeagIr8xkGTNwo9/LLL7f0u+66q+XPSgLPwOeqI08yLlihatVo2kHVtM9qopEgDz5CIWHxzjvvHP7xH/+xGQo0hojTTjutnapo+4FvNDIksG6whijzF3/xF+1UxhA5JjBg8RNWd7k9IxCs+DD15yXw88sVAoXA6kfAlwN829ZJtT5bYzlZZvDz/x73Iv/3+dLH+fv7lGHAterLCgGDD+Ou1QSMupwlaQYW+fBzPoNC3JiHJ778QqAQKAQKgUKgEJhtBDLG9z4lloGAnkG3yyRDJhT0WH4uska7qZ85EaCrRS82UfPAAw8M//Iv/9JW6dtOEPf8888P999///DEE08MF1xwQTMS3HjjjW1yB85W79s6SlYzSf/ggw+2LyBs32lw+Ju/+ZvhvPPOS1UL8icaCfKQPXQvw6OPPjr85Cc/aVsMxFnScPXVVw9XXXVVE24ZCZ5++unh5ptvHm655ZY2+2Q7gg46lZEA3L9MC6K2Mn8MAS+YZ9QbBdx76fLsPlaoIgqBQmBVIOA/ygLsTJfs+WcgcPkPGzTwS2cGcEs9+G7atGm4/PLL22qw9evXN/4cYNCWlQ0s3AwILNo5eyYDW/KXXwgUAoVAIVAIFAJrCwFyR/QJkwdkEuP/Jz7xiTZ54F4eV+ke0z/73kDAIGD7wD//8z+3VQT0bfLX5s2b2/YBkzgm3V966aWB4s8YYIUA3ZsBgH4t/+uvvz7ceuutbaW/CSifSmQ0iHEnMuS08ttEI4Hu5uVgOUIAIoUp/CeffHKzapx44ontxTELZf8DwZfFA3EMB5Y/IMrLVG7pEMiDzjNSs5fAy9e/gEvXYtVUCBQCS4WA/2gGV3XaAoDxi6OQ45sGYt++NZPvfx4mvxQ0MEbY42YwsY/NPRcegl9rH10GLUaLntcsBQ1VRyFQCBQChUAhUAisXgTIBMZ+MoFL2OQBXTBpoT4ySskKQWRuP/obBZ58Ff1aWNqGDRuGK6+8sk3GW+3p/AGrB6w6ha2VoOeee24zFBx44IGtjK9hkePIjlYlOE9KmFPGleczN1W7x040EuTh880kWRHAmuGeMOtghC1btrTvMqqa4SDLVXX4+9//fpsl00EvVLmlRSAPO77avVx5GZa2taqtECgElhIB/1UDAt5q6Z7lYvinsHNfLC/z3dvTTz+9DRhZYYAG//HFOifgskTjzbaN2XrAqTvCAOs0Xm+lAyNBHJ6zFDSkvvILgUKgECgECoFCYHUgkPE9fvSM+HvSNVJmdfRkdVKRVZlWZ1DmyXtm/jly4J//+Z8P3/jGNwYH/5t4N5HjLAKrCEwwnXXWWcM555wznHDCCU1ei0xmmyhZkTHBVlYrD8iYzjXgFvJs/r9WYg8/KssLQZB0eFX2SZjdQggBkkM058Uh2Nojccwxx7QlEMoShlMXP+FWqH4KgUKgENgPEaB4M6Ji4hRzB7waEBhk77777ra1y0y/AQVvjVsK/ml1goHnqKOOalZpdWsnjoEAjzdbgO8zFKCNW8hAk/rKLwQKgUKgECgECoHZQcBYn/GeLECfI39kJeTs9GR1Uco4EAxtOaX8w1U8/dqqAAYCeazmNFkkjhwoD6XfxA65MU5ek022H9DBPStbFUw8SYubVn78SOJMyXn8vCSIQ2yI4kdwzUukinRCXvEESy9X7/r8fXyFp0cgz6XHMi/dtC/B9K1VzkKgEFhKBPxX+yv/WXE5FAgvtULLoBAnX/+fT/ze+OoKz1A+7YhzFgIeL6w9fp93b9qrMoVAIVAIFAKFQCEwewj08gKdrpcHepkksszs9XDlKIaRC2786NKZELLVM+moIo8xAMCdnKacS/7IaHkG5Db5xec5pR11JZ/wntxEI0EaVglCrAZgmRDPR4j4viPCMQjIk/R0Snq5pUHAc4Bnj6mH72XLC7c0LVUthUAhsNQI+K+anWdF9l+2KsvAgFf6T5vFZ1G2MkuYEz8tg5+G3vCK1Bl+Il7YaoIYKRgusuUAveUKgUKgECgECoFCYG0iQAboHbmArCCeTEIRzX1kAveRJ/qyFd4dARjRobko8slhgh3WMA2WPmtIn1aGjBg9W1heTl5lyGnirBaVnrTU1SKm+JloJEiFCOM0hgAvCAOA7QcRGqWLV8aL49IZHZG3d6m3j6vwwhHIHzYviBo8gzyjhddYJQqBQmClEKB020pgmZnVVgYGAy8+6zIocBh9/uPhnf7nS+HwCo6v7tQvDg93VoEtEAzE9s05UJELPe2mfgqBQqAQKAQKgUJgTSIQ3Y5cEsW2nzTuZQd5l0o+WZNgdp2Kop9V90kiD2YiPniarHGRy6JTp3zKkePIZjno2vNSPjp88k37fKYyEmhUQ/wQoCHCrMvslxdEoxEwQ2SWS2QmakyY+nqX9HHH+zwV/jgCwS2+HHkWH89dMYVAIbASCPT/x7QnLnwP47aKgLEVj8UvDcDy4IGxGuOzqUtZ4aX6f+PV4et8V+rWjnSDEhripIeexJVfCBQChUAhUAgUAmsHgcgC6VFkBPcxGJAReqfMuFyfXuHfIUCGisGFrNcr8n1a8CQTuhgIIpNFLvNcIq/xGR08H3mVl5+Txk37fHZ/sq3o7j8qTGVehLwMOsbSIY01CeHy8sWbATNLRgBWxpLaHHiIaGXEpcPKCKetALc7NXVXCBQChcDsIBB+1lMsLnwUH8Qjw/vEY+Zh5MIYfV+PPP19X/dCw9rltIdfG6RCW4wFVhE4PMchOfJb9SDvUtGwUJorfyFQCBQChUAhUAgsLwKRQ7RivCcT0N/IAeQEfpTT5OH35dyXmxuByFDwityVnD2uwhwd2spT9+RChgBxkds8mxgaon/LK04ap62FPJ+PTsJqxT/+k05oKC+JFyPC4nXXXTds27at7ZtFdBxB0sncTz/9dJslu/3229spjOvWrWsCJkAQrl6WEJ9s2LRpUzuR0Wxa2o2fessvBAqBQmAtIIBRO3XWN2zxQnwvS8Qwfsv68Vk8cCFMfSHYMMbiwXi4b+riw5/73OfaFgM8WruMBM5E8OnbDDzLRc9CaK+8hUAhUAgUAoVAIbB8CBjrez3MfeLofGSIpCc+98tH1dqoGV5xYyMBufCGG25oMqI0q/Ffe+214Yknnmgym0l2ejWZ8fXXX2/VWJGac63kczEOiIs8Fz/PKu3P53+k1c+TIxURJIVdMQYgcuvWrcMbb7zRBMl+OYO0F198cdf+1R07dgw333xzy6cudcRIwBpCCFXeZxvGYM1DWkUXAoVAITATCISP9sTifz57aNUVY4DBFjPnW1nlrBd5DLh4Il893FINwqGLUfeee+4ZDj/88OHMM89s7aEpvBhNORdBHP4dmvs+VbgQKAQKgUKgECgEZh+ByByREzL2kwfERS5JT5Mv9+XvGYHIcXAjT5H3OPiaQLr33nvb57EzgfTSSy81vVo5yv/27duHBx98sE00ubcylT5NVnv11VeHt956a1d9eZb8hFvihJ+JRgKVcbEYmfX3CQZLZDkWjFgxdJRTxssTIZJvicR99923S8htGbsfKwwIqBdccEGzmKSeLksFC4FCoBCYKQTmGzTFGxAMBIwB7jF337zFPzNg4LuMp/gp1zP3+epeCECpj5GA1dkKBtZo/NhAxRlwbDc45JBDGs2Mwvi/Aw3LFQKFQCFQCBQChcDaRCAyQnpHLiCPkD8opeSYyCKRU3KfMuXPjYAJc5jBOJjKmUl5OrOLSzpsPYPo1bfeemvDX3wcmZHRIPnIde77OoSncdPl+rAmhDMS+CQXIhDVXzrKidMBThlu/KK1yO6HMIxonZJ3Uv6uaAULgUKgEJgZBMLMDa4MBJbwc5RxKwk4DJ1jOAijD68Nn43fMi7yRxva4kJPX6W0rB5Ax7QDTF9HhQuBQqAQKAQKgUJgNhCIrNLLGpFD9IAcME6bjZ6tDiojR8GUrkwG5CJjwTb4xnAgnX4tntyW+NwnPb7toi46e1zqzP2e/IkrCRCbCh1cdfHFF7cZJEsZcnDhXA2kk30ndCwvlY4lTXmzUpa52neRNtPuXPVXXCFQCBQCs4gAvobHhbnbmiUuq7WkMSBg6ngkninvcjptMQDj6VYVmCEwYKGF4eLAAw9sPos0epebnuXsa9VdCBQChUAhUAgUAgtDwLhPNsn4H5klulrpbgvHE3auQw89dLj66qubLkwGI/fBM5eayWTyZlVAjAXkN3HJqyxZTv4jjzyyrdDPys/xs5pE8UQjQSpEDGvE+eefP5xzzjlNiBSHKATm5UFc7xBK+JTuIvRyecnUL6wOl055Cb185QqBQqAQmGUEwj/xyYT1R9jlcEJbsTjKOP7Hmc2nqOOD4Y19+XF9rdBe/qhXO9rWpi0Q2o8AkNVjBhkGAmco8DPo7GWzVawQKAQKgUKgECgEVikCZINe1sh94uiA0eV0oZdRVmmXVhVZ0ZdhyEhwzTXXDF/84hfbds6x3BeDAIxddGtOHTEKWPHp2bjo2sqox4HUjgngpHHTPqupNfEo9yoO8a2lnT8IQaS0KPh5iXRevGtMXPL09QgTTsdpycPPSxmA+7T9PRysgze/XCFQCOwbBMLHwqtyH2psN+jPJMD7MpvPx2sp6cv1Pw49+LvDcfBWBgA0MQpz4tBgAEIHQ4JyKZu+lF8IFAKFQCFQCBQCawcBYz4ZIDqeMDmFE+cqWWDvn3ew5VPkyVrOporMBV9pHN8VA4Cw5+OeXJYto+I8E278jKQtxE1lJMgLYAbJMgiHVhFeHW5le0CUeg33xgTl+g6GuBCfex2VT9mEpb399tvD9p2nNwLuoIMOatYQeeTlkrfd1E8hUAgUAjOCAB5oeViMBPgdXoq/4bNOpcVrxRksuJ5vCod/LqbLqYOBAI998803G891GK176UkzcHGMFxmcFtN2lS0ECoFCoBAoBAqB1YnAXDqWFY9kEjogWcDEcOSRyBN6M1fZ1dnL1UEVvRZ+ZMCcTWUC3qcQHSbNCCDeIdL8fnJeD6wE9Rzgrg6ulxlbRBcnLbp00ubyJxoJ8vAVJrj6LuMjjzzSKneGwGWXXbbr1GsvjU4iHpF5YULIXASrV3ovdALDpx5+8YtfDM8888xw2GGHDWefffZwxhlntEMTlenpcl+uECgECoHVhkB44JhficfzGEINAtIPOOCAZhRgOLAFwf5/X3z55Cc/2QyxqWsp+5iB3KDD2MsA7OsFtkFw6DL4OKzW9oLQnbTloKk1XD+FQCFQCBQChUAhsM8QiO5mnCcLcIwCjAOuGAuSr5dzErfPiJ+BhiN/hVT4wY1PDvNZ6jvvvLN9zhDeBx988HDeeee18/uOPvroJi8q2+vcMRCM604bkdniJ34+f6KRQME8+KwYsGfVklSCJcH22GOPbYKsfQ9mnUKkcul0CBgTlo6YVVMnIdVs1lNPPTU8++yzzTBBQAVc6lVGPeO60kb5hUAhUAisJgTCq+Ljizl3gFFAvFUDDK3uP/jgg13kSzMwh/+5Tz27Mu1lAB0cXs4YYLDBgxlqtZnla1ZzMVaIZ7zAg5VdKjr2kvwqVggUAoVAIVAIFALLiEDGeWM+Xc1FJyMviCtZYPHgB0PYmpB/7LHHhrvuuqsZCUwmkblsASWfWVkgH0MBvTvPJ/o0ahK3WMomGgn6hnzd4JRTTmlEbt26dbj33nvbNxwRunHjxuG4445rM1++p02oJPBmCYR6XHnJCKAcgdOyWstbt+/cWrBt27bmm0mThwHixBNPbHWrk4uFqgekJdRPIVAIFAKrCAH8juv5qHuDK97HWkzx9vUAK6YYWd9///22wgD/wz9Z68PzUk98dS3GxfCgXQfnPPnkk8OOHTsaD2a0ZSTQhxgJ0MxIHCFhMW1X2UKgECgECoFCoBBYnQhEfkEdmcMVWUSc9D6PuHLTIxAsyYOwpffefffdw/XXX9/81157rU0akQHhzFjw/PPPtzQGhK9//evDJZdc0uRHrfZyYR+eiyL1Tcqj3EQjAUVcRXwzXaeeeupwxBFHNP+hhx4ann766Tbrf8sttzSB1r5VeyZczixg5bBMVVl1EHztuf31r3/dALFqgJGA4Mk3i3bMMccM55577nDSSSe18PHHH9/qQnDfsQAsvlwhUAgUAqsNgZ4J97wrB/9Qujl8kxHWjD7+yGjKYox/SstWrvSvrytxe+OrB19mJGCo4AxCL7/8cjMESOcMUvnWrvyJb4n1UwgUAoVAIVAIFAJrDoHIMMZ9OhfZRVwU2zXX4X3QIZM15L477rhj+OY3v9lWENheYKX+VVdd1bbbkwPJZT/96U+bzn3jjTc2uYyendX2eVaejWeV+7m6tKe0Pv9EI4GKXDpBMDSzZF8En1DLAGBPLWOBmSd5CZmEXUIlwZPBQAdjJCAYE4ItqbD31awU44F0S1rXr18/XHTRRW3Vgs4TYCOUpmPyhra+QxUuBAqBQmA1IoBnZeY+9FkpwOGBeByehhcyEGD0jAMGZeGUDQ9MHYvx1aVeRgAXGq1ksJwtPDf19/nKQBtUyi8ECoFCoBAoBNYeAr2skTB5hCzgosiSVyK7JI97V8kJe34nepzIeFZxvvDCCw1X+J5wwgnD1VdfPZx22mlNh47ObMWBsLz0b3IbF7wnGQj2TNXuqVMZCRCQxkOIGS4K/JFHHtmMAA7YcsiCcwQYARgMCJsOIPTiAGPs1BmQLGc955xz2tKJK664ohkIMtuWcsmrvpRNWvmFQCFQCKw2BPCsDJw9D8VTrZrKAYGMqYyvjAYUdKuqKO0Gip7Xpa7w1Nwvpt/hzRn8GSzwb2cmpH702hbBl59frhAoBAqBQqAQKATWNgKREfSSHOASl7OMItuQC4TJDZEd1jYyi+tdcGIgsPXUOQSvvvpqw5D8ZxUBI4HJeI6ezSjASGAlAUMBPduzyDPYE0X9c5Rvmmc00UigojTeV5g4KwT+4A/+oJ22aPuBbQeMBfZSEDIJnF4oZZUBBh8AhFKrDZxpYOWALyXYYpCzB3Sob7MPT9tB+fYH12MDt/HLsD9gUH0sBFYbAuFh/UqADKTiWOE5gy1e6n+cWXwGA0YCvBLPHP/Hl6qv6tUGoy960cdIYUuYQSntohEvZwTGu8Njkr5U9FQ9hUAhUAgUAoVAIbBvEYj8wo/OR26xwpHrDQbkgOQp2WBhz42cR1/OpJHStho464+BIM8BxibTGQoef/zxtiLfIdf0bDKZ9GAfCshz4nOlrsQn33z+VEaC+QqLj/Drm9qbN29uWYVfeeWVtmSWQOnyMnEItX2AcYDQaUUCI4HlFM4eiIEgeVuh+pkXgTzw8Ysxb4FKKAQKgRVDIIMmvsf5nyYOTzQwcOIo6tleYGCwusBAEeYvX/7vqU/cYlz4d9+++tCFb1tOyFgh3YU+AxrjxlLRsBj6q2whUAgUAoVAIVAILD8C5A/jP0fJjItcEl98yQdBZ36/x0uYvMXBjp7sLL8+jzS6s63+5DLb/slqysnPjXEnt/Uu6eP4Pk8fXrSRIC+Mhs06OaH78ssvb0YBhBM0HcjAJ1jqVIwEfIYCQrB6QnxPYIUnI+Al6h0cc/XxFS4ECoF9g0B4Wxi+ATafGsSsMX0GAYx/06ZNw1e+8pV2Psvpp5/eLMk9Q+//76l3b3sV/q08A61BSZ2WszH0MtzaBsHJi1+jBT8vVwgUAoVAIVAIFAJrE4HIF8b8yC79pAV9zsRBL5+sTSSWp1fBV+3wtSIgYZNGrtxLd8Hb2X30ZxNNVhLYukp+zOqA1Jtnxu9d0vu4+cKLNhKMK9Z4XhxplrAi3IyVNC/YfC4dkU/YVS/ffGh9FL+QB/5RqQoVAoXASiGQ/2h8TN22Aso2/mirAQsxRdyKLMZWeTF+g4I8eGHKozv8cjF9SL3qsHrByi7tWM7mPBk0WhnGhR+j3cGzVoChO076mL7+PvnKLwQKgUKgECgECoHZQSBjOT+ygIlfFzki8fzknZ3e7VtKI8sFx8hlWVmAul4XpkebUJIvz0CePBdhLs8h/u9iF/Y7v8a+sHp25U5ne6Ii3CZN5oAgLnnjSxfu78WV+zgChdHHMamYQmC1INDzNzT5v4rLErEwfkzfLD2+KBzFPP3oeWfqXIr/ftpPnTFIOLjQCjBGgrQjzUoDafbOGcBSrqcz+RNXfiFQCBQChUAhUAjMHgLjMd6ELzmFI6u4Ikdk7B+Xmb1e73uKgyUf3rlnFIA5jE0qkcs493kOuU+ZlmEvf3bfrLCXlSDOxSEqhOmMFyrxfQfEKSMvAORLHUnr78WVm4xAsJez8JuMV+UoBFYCAf/F/v+YgVYcvshAgNkLj/MmT+hMOn+xDu9VD76BBt/ctaLBCgefsnV4YZwVYowE+LqVBq6loCH1l18IFAKFQCFQCBQCqwcBskHGeb7xP3KD5fGu3Cff6qF+dVMSvKIH91ijPDpzfPkZCGw1EGeyCfYuZePcxymTduInbRp/SVYSzEWcDuhM70K4/Om09D7sPh3p6xVfbjoE4JZruhKVqxAoBJYDgfCw+GkDj7OfTLwl+1YO5NDW5JVH2CWMf+KVY36ZOvfGT13qF3b+gPMRrBTwDV6f2GHQYLG2vM3gxJhhcLLKIDRpO3TuDR1VphAoBAqBQqAQKARWHwKRRVBmnKfbxRfu5YjVR/1sUATjXme2UpOMaHunCRrGGLIYI83bb7/dzrQil4kzqRODjXTxSVMv2Y3c5plFZuuf6Z4Q2l2L31POedI05OIQkJfFfYwCiYsvbez6OtRTbnoEgt30JSpnIVAIrBQCYcppL4yaoo3Bc2bvYySIUi7ef1v+lBG3lK6vXxtoCB2MALYWiJcvefXHgCStjx/TpVy5QqAQKAQKgUKgEJg9BDLmh3JjOuWT0srP+J/08heGQC8jwbI3EjAOODz65Zdfbni75xgOtm3b1uQvsqLVns8991xLY1hgJOi3IDAQmIRyPiC3Jz28ZRj9TDQSjF+SuQReHRWfDiePe5c6uKTnxRoTm7z81DGit27nQCC4Sgq2wXyO7BVVCBQCK4hA/p/5b7qPtTez83w8z8CLL475n7LSEu8+9S6mK3096jvkkEOG888/vw1CrNM5dwBNBjBbEhg3XnvttTY4GaT6AUkd6uSWgr7F9K3KFgKFQCFQCBQChcDeIZAxvNfVIp+o0fhvvI8ckfzx967V/atUPylELuTIeowD//AP/zD8+Mc/bvgyEpC/YGuFp+2gJmuuv/764YknntjtK1hkNM/E1xHWr18/fPWrXx0uuuiiNgEk3jPsn1GeX3w0RNacaCRQkYKccP+yiNfB8XKT5JE/DbUKPvwRn7SE+3Rh8eUKgUKgEJh1BMLLwusMBKzBLoOBmXvL+KVL8+UA+/3FH3nkkbs+gwOHvq6lwCUDPl6OFkYCg0mMAxs2bGg0yefrBwceeGCj+4033mif3kFvP7D0NM7F+5eC5qqjECgECoFCoBAoBFYGgYzxfGO+i+5HLoi+hxLpvYu80sdVeHcEgh892mQRF8PB9u3bBxcXLGGsDPmKM5nzzDPPtLByccnDmECOPOWUU3b7GpXyqbP386x30ZUK9+SnguTJiyBex/p7ce4RQOjsy/b5UlfSvXTZMyFf4pOv/EKgECgEZhGBufhZloXhkwaGGFqdBbB169Y2k3/SSSc1pZw1OHX0fDFxi8Ukg4F6GCaOP/74xrtZrtfvtELj49pCKx5tqaGBSXo/0Cjf09TTKq1cIVAIFAKFQCFQCMwWAv24ThF1RSYgA/TpNe7v3bM1UXT44Ye3rQHvvffeLh0atpHB6MnkNXKYZxBDgGcQWQz+rpT75Cc/2Q6cljdlpPdyX0/x+PlNXEnQF044BCDCpTHEs3iYHTviiCOasIloafJwfbkQqZxDGJR1YJZvbxOYuZRvN/VTCBQChcAMIhC+F9LxQ/v57fn3tYDPfvazbXCwdOzBBx8cvvOd77RDA7/0pS8Np59+eort8pVX51I4dfX1GVA2bdo0MFBwjBnhx3zpBqzf/OY3w/vvv9/4fehAE56tPnx/qWhM/eUXAoVAIVAIFAKFwMogENkgYznf+J/xnUzgch9HBojr4xNX/u4IwBTOn/70p4dLLrmkzfaTDSn0kb3gKE8vW3kOZEZpfE44MhjdWt2HHnrocMYZZzSdXBkuz5XPyTfWt3M/tZGgr6zV+mHFCds/ce211w5vvvnmcPXVVw9f+MIX2oyT9HQseRHE6cS77747/OAHPxh++MMfDmedddbwd3/3d81QkLzlFwKFQCEw6whkIAgztmIA76N0MxLwzcz/z//8T2PW/aoqfQ/PXA4cMgCpuw/j21YN8A0YaLAnjuFgx44dw0svvbTrEzwpm0FqOeisOguBQqAQKAQKgUJg3yFAcY2ySRagoEahJCMsp6yy73q9PC33uDlc8IorrhguvPDCJnNltUaMMvKSxeAbeUzY8/AcOHmTJ6sGxFulQMbkUo+8ysuX5yldeY4sx01tJJBZhSogzCJKJeI04IRFex/spz311FNbHumWpXIhHoEEYPX89re/HV588cXh0UcfbQcv2DeRNqSHyFZB/RQChUAhMGMI4GN4Wu/wNQMrI6mw1QR8q7AcOEMxZ1XG1PHK3vX1jevt800bTh19vQn3vBj/RpfBBg/H19ErL9rFxbnnUk/iyy8ECoFCoBAoBAqB2UAg8kH8nmpjvrHeNVd6n7fCcyPQy0rCZL4o83OX+CiWDk4uc+VZfJT6UahP68OMA2RQvi2tvetlt4lGgmTOS+DeUlOfXDCbhEDu8ccfH+6+++42E+bwq5zCqCPKJB8i7cEV98EHHwzPPvvscOedd7bvcqtHvrTVd0hauUKgECgEZgkBvAyv6x2+Fuvtpz71qfb5Q/e2IDDA4oGJHxsJUo86wycTtzd+6slgpY6Ek5Z6GTMcXsihk0EjRuDQ0pdJXMqXXwgUAoVAIVAIFAKzgUDG8/iojmIpTFYwzmesl693ie/jKrw7AjBzkaUcCG2FqU9ib9h5aDSZi4u82IdN2sTBuce+x90zShviyZ90eBP6JvfXrVs3bNy4cdfWBnlSH3+ikSBEhAAN6sz9998//OIXv2hnCRBqCY0+y8DdcMMNLZ3QqyNZdSCfeiL4WkmgLsImodhyC06eENoi6qcQKAQKgRlFAC/rHX6IX1pNcMABB7QzXPA+vNBXDfBFyrg4S8nCe/s6wiP7uMWEY5DNYIQno9G9AQsfF3awobNjuHwGcTzALIaOKlsIFAKFQCFQCBQCqw8Bcgc5IPKC+1yRc+KvPupXH0XBEWa26tt6f+ONN7ZJ9rPPPnv4wz/8w2Hz5s1tpj+yGT2aS9m5ZMFxnHu6O9nTyv3/+q//Gp588sm2MvTyyy9vW/ylc+OyUxsJFNYRhLlYkxgFXn311da4uOQh5LrkT4O9n3zi4hx2uH79+l2Wk+RPevnTIVB/0OlwqlyFwEojgKe5MPussMoSfoZTPFS6QcDyL2nixYWBh2b34hf7fw+PVp/2tY0+B+dY6SXOxWjBYJELHYwIDi9k7FAutKBrLppDe/mFQCFQCBQChUAhsPoR6OUMYzwZIM64P5ZNklb+ZAR67MhZJomeeOKJpl+TwchdJmbox7Z6xvXyVeQuaepw38fl+Zm0t3rA4di33357m+SxxZ+8F0eWi8yZOj562sk1wdepz3zmM+3UbYds3XHHHYPPNTiIi1CpQVsNDj744CboMiZoLITyXV4uHfLCAeDSSy9tJzuqO/knkFLJhUAhUAjMDAL4mgsT5uN/eCHmL87sPaWbswTM4LASgzBauAxYDBi2kz3yyCNta9gJJ5wwnHjiiW3AwttjELDyAe9nLBh/plGd4fmt8vopBAqBQqAQKAQKgZlBILIBgjOe09mivzmXiGKZtD4/+SYyxcx0eIUJhRsHNwdYO7zfFvwHHnigXb76d++99w6f//znm869fudEOh0ZrsGXr7yrxzvP5JVXXmnHAfi0troZCcT5kuB555035CxAdJBDOXXR5T3niUaCNBSCFD7wwAObUu972oi3r+GFF15oSxjsdbjooouGCy64oDXgBYpLx8Z1+kQDQZTVRP3j9JQvvxAoBAqBWUQAT+PwN0o4A6vLAYUUbPF4LGOrdEaCww47rPHQ+fqrzGJdBpjUo06DgxVizooxSLj3/V782eoGefSHkSDbJkJLeLf6Epe6yy8ECoFCoBAoBAqB2UBgrvG8lxmy4jHKaZ8/cbPR031DZWQkuNly78uAtm/acuCyqoAcRq9+6qmnhmOPPbbJYrapurKqo6/HxDwZ0soBX6Ay4ePMQNsMciSAT1z/1V/91fDVr361fSLRs0JDLnKfi5toJEjjCqiAwKhCLwfl3swSYZdQayUBg4G9FC4OwXHq8oKph+OLs+fVPlfh1C+9XjIolCsECoFZRyB8FP/D41jghTH5GAl6/ufAGisMUk7/wzeXEovw2PBiPpocLsvH2y2Bs8qBw++dvqucgYihQB782xiB3tDZ076UNFddhUAhUAgUAoVAIbC8CBjDYxTI2G7cp9eRAaS5Ij/UmL+w5wE7OAZbct9xxx3XJl/UxHCQwwwffvjhtl2AXJgz/MiOZDKyGrnSsyFbksmsSlWW/EZOk9eqfav8rSDYsmVLm/CPDIiG/vnlmU40EvRdVkGsC+IJkowDLo0jAnGWprqfy6VhaQnrXEDqjRF9W3PVVXGFQCFQCMwSAmHEBlkDBB5KwcboWX4xeQOFrQZZ+pX+9Qw8cUvtawMftwSNtZklmxUbX8en0WklmRUF+mDZ2ttvv73LYLzU9FR9hUAhUAgUAoVAIbBvEIgSqXU6W/Q29zEQCJdbOAKwDZ6RDU2aX3jhhcMZZ5wxbNu2bbBNwPX000+37QLZkio/eZG8xkjgWTAQkNPIju6lWa3K8GC1vtX/ViocddRRbdtCT3HoEKdsnvtEI0EEU4USjp8GpBF2LUklUFoyq0MIlxfRAUOZNC4s3b28OkYAFY6xYNyWMuUKgUKgEJgVBDBfLrzMfb4eII5RAM/D4B1WQwE3W89QMC7b97ln6n38QsKpv69LmLUZP7dUjYEAvWh1oQuNaHUQjvQYdPt6FkJH5S0ECoFCoBAoBAqB1YdAxnXjP8XTZAG9LTJBKE6+3Jc/GQGY0aEjQ9GXha0YOOWUU4b1O88huOyyy3Z9ttBW0O07zyqw/YD8Jb9t/dGbGQUYA0z02J5wyCGHtJUH5DYrENTb69cxCHiWcWjKs5xoJEjGXrFXUSpJvFklXzRwMIJPOUj3IvF1AgHCXE+g8gROHduw87uQ/T6Llrl+CoFCoBBYIwjgg3geXsjHC12ce8o4po2RY/pcz7xbxIc/88X3eSaFU0f88GuGC4YKNKAnA4l0aS5GAgZh5xLESU9diSu/ECgECoFCoBAoBGYLgYz7qDa2c5FbhCmndL+M+/3Y35eVt9zHEYhBoE+BL5e0nD9ge7/DDU3emMSh9NO1yV+2E5DV6NLOjrJqgJHgmGOO2fURgf555HlpJ+0Jx0UmdT/RSDB+6AqpVLwrDftm9ne+853h2muvbYcjINZSCI15ifjyIi5h5a0e8KKdfPLJw9/+7d+2ZRAxLvRta7dcIVAIFAKziEB4GR7Y88FYefVJPF5IOXeCbc+ol6vP2swgkbDBhtHWsrdYqQ1CHP5tcJJumwHDMGMB4waery716G/6vFy0V72FQCFQCBQChUAhsDwIRDZQu/Hc2G7FI92ObEBXy7gvzyTlU55yHyEQGW8umUla8OSTyxgJXCbUzz///F1GGnKj5yCPcmQ396lfi71MlvZiiHCfZ502EzfRSPBRd+a2OKiQIzRu3rx5+OIXv9gsGz1B8iBWozrjs1mMClYdiHMRigmfXkAuL2QIb5H1My8C8OI8dHjmucxboBIKgUJgRRAI0+0b8x/lzMjbqsUlH165Unwv7aAnYbQIM2Cgb8eOHY2nZECxZI0l25YyfNxhtT2/VlZ94UnqK1cIFAKFQCFQCBQCs4uAMZ0cQE8T5s+3kiDyzOz2duUo72WvXm5KOH4ooiu7FuL6NhKOESH36ktbiVuQkWAugtIIi9Jpp53WjAUMARE6k+7F0igLlBMXfZLB7JO9Fco6SGH9zr0XhNIouCFyrnYrbncEgpkHnGv3HHVXCBQC+wqBDJh4WpgwHime9ZczWx9FfKXoDF2hqW8XXeElPd0s1AwbeDsBwXK38PuUn6u+pJVfCBQChUAhUAgUArOFgHGdXEAeiM6hB5EjEhe5YbZ6V9TOhcCijQQqJSDaNuAERRfXvzRemF6IdNCVGShfQfjud7/bVhZ48ZQheMq/0sJyI3pGf+CWC3YxruQZzGi3iuxCYE0g4D/ZuxgHxOFz/qcJU75ZiMc8s2VYgZ/Qon08HV9m9GUMiHNwkdUE+mG7gXMJsgIsPGfc55QtvxAoBAqBQqAQKARWPwL9eJ4wmYCe5j4yQnSOGvdX/zNdKIVLYiTIC9I3HiE3L00sT+4JwQ5WsGrArNR//ud/tk88rN+5ksBhC5a5egl7w0Jfd4XnRiBYz51asYVAIbAvEBj/L7OfLwbRnNnCx/M4ZebiqytJPxrwZ0YCRgC0ibM1jDHYQTq2Ivh0ozxcBImVpLPaKgQKgUKgECgECoGVRcC478pKca2P5Z2VpahaW2oEfneM4iJqjVCrCgKiK46Q278wyZs8OYCBsPnBBx+0va2pQ959LSSnH6vdh3GPdfDtsV/tfSj6CoH9BYEYCfr/Zyzz0hgL+rTlxGXcjntX+DABwH1Pl9UODldMWbyakMCFZ4cHLSftVXchUAgUAoVAIVAILA8CGePVnrCxPvqZVQVZWSA9eeQvGQAKs+8WbSTohcL5XpK8LMkrnzjC5pYtW4YjjjiiLVl95ZVX2vJV6ck7+xAvbw+C7fK2UrUXAoXAUiEQ67v/rsHW5XwWS/fxPcv5Dbzi95VDGz7slFwrvt599932NQP0WAlmNYE0zkoC5xL0vKgPt0z1UwgUAoVAIVAIFAIzh0DGc35kFp0woeHKtsnkk0Z+KDf7CCzaSAACL81cL4S4vDR5uQKZNC+XswneeuutwTkFXrS+npRNmfLnRyBYwa/HcP4SlVIIFAIrjQBemROBrR5gDMD38MB33nln+MQnPtGU72xFWCn6xjzDPdqsGEALI8H777/f+Lm4gw46qBkP0OdMAocuhgeJG9cnrlwhUAgUAoVAIVAIzCYC/bhuvM+ZBJFXxumz2cuiukdgSc4kyIthRslFEPYCmRUT5rsXzgyZsE9nPfLII+1TiGaiCMj2wMqb8j2xFf44ArAPXnz38E58ns3HS1ZMIVAIrCQC/p8Mo9nfjxe6DLBWEviv/v7v//6uT9us9H8XfXHaJgBY1SAefXi71Q549AEHHND4tfzSbEfAd7i+nhZRP4VAIVAIFAKFQCEwUwgYy8dySK9fpDPJF1/8uFzylj9bCCyJkcCLQYC855572tV/EiurA2JpAg9BmYHgpZdeagYCM2jrdx5a6DCsPt9sQbnvqPVnzB8S3vBlhEncvqOsWi4E9m8EYiT1v8TbKNPOX/EfdU8Rxz/XrVs3nHXWWW3m/rDDDtu1lH+50cugHj/tuWfAsNXAtrD33nuv8epjjjmmGTEOPvjg4cADD2zZ8fvf/OY3zfgh77iu1Fl+IVAIFAKFQCFQCMwGAtEh4hvbGQnILsLRNdKb5Mt9+UuHALzJj2RGOPc6nnvpnHjyJlmMs72VLJc8eUbyJ9wyzvOzaCNBhF9C5K233jr827/9WxMotYcIhCI6hItHWOLcE4q//OUvD5dffnlbxpo803ZC/nKFQCFQCKw2BDK7zscrLc2nUGPcmH2Y+f/7f/9v2Lx587Bhw4ZB2JL+fe0IAs4fsJrAdoI333xz+O///u+BgcBKAkYCafph8GIoFk6fi3/v6ydY7RcChUAhUAgUAnuHAD3NeJ6xvNfdxLt6RVN+933c3rVcpSAAdytPbfd8/vnnhyeeeKLJWuSu4MxQIyxvZC9xHLmMvHbaaacNGzdubPKa+DxP4Ulu0UYCgiSHGEtRCZM90QTH3umEFykdYkTwOUSzaOt3riawlDVOvtSfuPILgUKgEJgVBPC58Dq8DG/EE/E2CjXHUIDJMwxQvt1z8oTpt4hl+Mlg3g8aCaPPFjBGC6sfXIwbHMv0pz71qZauX+LD90Nm6s59+YVAIVAIFAKFQCEwGwiMx3CygXHexfEjr7iPvCKfK/fSyi0cAfgzEjjU/6677hruvvvupmOTuSJDwj96dWRJLSnrGZiEJ1v6QADjQtJaYIqfRRsJEIGYT3/608O5557bZppYPXQCQYhnQOAzAHipdJpxwEwU64YvHLh+7/d+r5GcjqqjXCFQCBQCs4pABtnwSQYCyjYeSPn2lQC8UT6KN5cy4velYyRAH3qsIsCz0c3h7Q4vxNMZCPQrfZSOhxf/hkS5QqAQKAQKgUJg9hCILBJfD8glZANxxv+E+95J68v0aRVeGAJWnz744IPD9ddfPzz00EO7CnsODAVxkRfJYa44erVtouecc86u866SN3n25C/aSOBFIBCaAbv66quHiy66qBFIQCT0Zmmte1deMEJm9rt60XQqgqV8Or8SM2l7AqfSCoFCoBBYLAIZLPEzyrStWZbt44HhfX0bff6FMPO+joWG02ZfDv9myODefvvtRquVYhmYrDL47Gc/2/qRgw0zOK0U3T29FS4ECoFCoBAoBAqBpUPAmN7LByYLyC70tKwkiK42zrt0VOy/NcGaom9SxsHWzoDKRHrwdt+HI6ORw8Sb3MkEj2eZvNOgumgjgUa8LJzlpxR/hEVIJGT6vKGXCWFeMN/XJhwTQsVxCE897lNeuFwhUAgUArOIQAZPtIenWVmFH7rH/xKfvAtl4suFCzrQZqbAwMSizRggLvHOLMC3rSZw9X1YLrqq3kKgECgECoFCoBBYfgR6hVI4l7E+RoJQQWaI68slrvyFI8BIcNRRR7WV+nRmE018LhPrqdXzMDH/xhtvtM9qS3cmweGHH94mfDyfyJfjsqlj7C/aSJAXJo0j3tkEiLRE9fXXX29+OkagZCAwA3X88ce3U71tVciSFYKmMFcv2fhx1X0hUAjMEgIxAOBlmDLeGF5o9RV+mIF1zEtXop/hsaFBmxlEhBl0WbCtGtAXBg4On0e/AYzhgAHBABVDr3oJEblvheqnECgECoFCoBAoBGYGAeO+8TzOOG/MJ8+YBDbx28s5kSXip1z5C0cA7mSws88+ezjxxBPbAYZqgTf5Ks49WYv+/NZbbw1bt25tXxrctm1bMxAceeSRTefOM+FPK5st2kjQN4rgHTt2DHfcccdw4403NkLdEyx1Ni8a4nR8w86TvC+88MLhiiuuGE4//fS2/zUGgsxIBYTyC4FCoBCYNQTwPDzSZVB9//33G6MXpmAbYDF2+Qy88lmNhUfuax6IJofenHHGGcPLL7/cjLes0hw6nVfgs7UvvvhiO2eBAQTN6e+0g9CsPdOitxAoBAqBQqAQWOsI9PKLcJRT8ovx3RL2+VYQpuxax2g5+0eW4mBtMt3EjLheNgzOfM/F+QO+lMWw8K1vfWt48sknh6effrrp2lb759ml3CT6F20k0ACCdYKQyyjwwAMPtIvwiJA4nUtHCMv25TIKEDYJn6xSZqzk8TJO24nUP5cfMFMXP/QKA4zP6UPyaZ9L+Xaz84cVzdJbwr388uWhyZM/UcqnnD8TfCzPTR7lgol8wnvj0By6e5r2pq4qUwgUAkuHQP//Viv+YfuV1QT+qy5G1Ndee63FW2FlpVX+x0tHydw1zcdzxLvwqnXr1g0nn3xyown/4qQxZhi08EL9GQsL4Ulzt1yxhUAhUAgUAoVAIbBaETDOZxwX5qLbiI+skrTklS9xwgt1qScKLbkpTvuhIenxU07eXndT3j09jI5Jvuqdclz6Kywu7bjfVy59037om4su9GYbAmOArxmYjHeOlHOwbEMQn+cSf1K/Fm0kQFgEXZ9n+Pd///d2CqMvHFD+N+xcLXDIIYc0QZOASUC2FYFQ/MILL7QlEe7NQn39618fNm3a1B6MDkzbiT11Eph5AQLy+AVBkxPHAeyLC4wVXijt52EQ5AG9ffv25hOM9S8GDrOC2nGlTS+mA79effXV9qC8nPaGOISi/w76uJ/qEBd/T/3r09DshXIJu0J/n6/ChUAhsDII+A9z/s/+l/gMPsI46mId9v1bFl/bs6yqch166KGNH415w8pQ/VEr6PeJWvSgH73iXPmsDv5t8GX0RW/xnI/wq1AhUAgUAoVAITCLCBjnI4NEn6AnudzTi+g5yZe8+pq4afutPuVdynJ0Nbrkr3/96xam+NK9Qot0eeeSOdSDNpOzZKt33nmnTWRQnE1KOwSQkYNLmz3N4laDi76aPocu8ljC6AwGJmvIlvRNWJHN9N8Efg6alj/1Ce/JLdpIoCGdQMTNN988/OpXv2qz5Zdffvlw1llntW0ErBcIpnwjmKC8faeyfc899wx37NyawFjw05/+tCno9r9mSeu0ndhTB6X1Dz55Ewc4dPgOpbbPO++84dhjj93txdM3qyP07fbbb2/0E5DXr1/fPt34hS98ofn6mAfECOKzFbfeeuvwyCOPtJk29Z922mntCxAXXHBBE7I95P5BoysuNOZ+Pl95L0jqEvZM8tLMV67iC4FCYHkR6P/bmDpFmkEUszZImYF/7rnnhhtuuKENhJbv43sG4b7s8lI5f+3h74wDGZTwJbzFKgJ8EK8hLCRdbdPyrvlbrpRCoBAoBAqBQqAQ2FcI9DJIwmSCOJOjFNLoGtLky5V88/m9nJA65BWW9uyzzza9y5J58tKf/dmfDRs3bmwykrZSJrQpK15ZK77vuuuuVv7RRx9tkzPkFPrlpZde2nS9LVu2NEV6LG/1datzNbj0NbToc+L0N87zoIeafLLNgIFFf8QHpx73lJvPX7SRgICoQbPxDinkn3rqqW02jJHAzLwXST4EIp7AyXDAikOwFMdaRLEW5pbyIfVAoqEHyCz//fff36wsVjE4TJFDb2jQpyeeeGK47777msIvHeAMC9KOPvrotrSDkUA85/AIBoVf/vKXg8Mj9FOfHfBFuPZysmjtyYXuPeVBY/okn3Du+37uqY5KKwQKgeVDIHwkTNpAJQ7/8x91z1jA99/1v+evBhf+jh7h3hlY9YnhF39zrz/pb5+3woVAIVAIFAKFQCEwWwgY07noFeQUM/TkFOO+8T6u11mm0T9SZ+Sdvi0ykVWKJlkp+VakW2XJSNC3kzqUjeyEPsrxww8/PPzsZz9rCnN0TXqXCWvGArqbbZNc6NWf1Bm60r997acPZC0XWl0J6wM5zXb+p556qk1A0VGtKLCSP/qpfkzbt0UbCRCNKA8FYQwCn//854evfOUrTSmWngeHMMS6ZyiwdMTye3smfvjDH7blIAROTp48tBaxlz99HQElvsO4brnlluHb3/72ru+WM1L4ExDg0eABWPVA2X/ppZfaKgPGBC8ww4HVAvbsegBZMcEo8P3vf3/4wQ9+0OrVR6sIPKxnnnmmYeSkStsOvKxc6ESb8LQOjdy4jHu0jwX7aeutfIVAIbA0CITf+D9a+oZP4hXu/X/z3Vs8B//kryYX3tTTJC7L9vAYqyOMAXPl7ctVuBAoBAqBQqAQKARmA4G5dJLoHWQYY/5ixv2+bGQleiO968c//vHwk5/8pK1UN+kc/RBy0T2FU04YTSacv/e97w3f/e5322w6eYuRgWzFeGDCV5geZlVn79TV19en7YuwPmfbuklt8iNln6xIXyVTZiI+MqYVGPpIF5Vmuyh9M89NPyJ/TurToo0EBERCLsIRbJYcQR5KHiJigN4TJayjltfa83rTTTe1zvYvnDyLVXK127+EAKes20LgCwxeQtsfWJPQA0RWGb72rQhgkbFKgnHg7//+74crr7yyPTRGgOuvv354/PHHd+3PZQxguXI2g5fxkksuaWW84Cxi//RP/9TqZOFixdL/3rrjgfX0TnqA4/Qev8ViN6677guBQmDhCGTAwR9tN3CADAOplUeMjQYAPInBkLEx55X0/HLhrS5diQwsY76ETzIUGITwOuOAvOnv0lFQNRUChUAhUAgUAoXAvkbARC8FmzxAx4h8gK5eRphWDkh5+iJ5yJlNlPw777yzbdemq6nLzH8/uTLWb+SJ/mOpPQOBSVkyyl/+5V8O3/jGN5qeR++79tprmw6obpMbZJlp6V1J/PXHJLqVFD//+c/b9gnyIp0RzQwEngXZUZgMRsc1aaM/Lrrn5z73uV3GkOjl0/b3d9PQi+h1BFkPTIcIwkDn8hBDTF4G+eLE6aQ8Oqd8XMrnfm/9vj3tAJni7ywEy/+140K3/rg4oOfQDA/B58B8XoJwzyrls41HHXVUE/CtSmBQYEzwYjKacAwBPkdhtYFvVVoqo7y2XR4mh66eTuH+vmWa40ee0BucvQSJm6NIRRUChcAKIeC/2DurlMSFyeM5DAd4X3gh3/83/+e+/EqHw4P46E5/0ObCuxkJuPBu8cV/VvpJVXuFQCFQCBQChcDSIZDxv6/R+B7dLFsPMt5Li5urbNJ6P/mUpY899NBD7RwBk6qUXjJGZCLtCiuTNoX7OtRNFzNxIZ7O5utMJmSFTzrppDaRTV6RzyRxXOrM/b72YaK/5EPY0CvpjMIOYoQ/wwo9VRqdNfq3cnRW5+DRV4OReC73k/q46JUEGiTwujxAHaAwe0Bm1TkdBT7fxSnnIVHWWUnMpLH4sFIlT8u4BD8BBQ0utFm2QfH38rBOAZav/fwB0LR169aWV1+sJAC6OuTzsinv0DGrCSj9LFgOcPRQGQXOPPPM9oDQwGBw7rnntu+K67M6fYNcu9I9NH0PvdN0PZiip6d92hdgmjYqTyFQCOwdAuEleAaGji/4b/qPU7gNUPgMZzUTXsCIuBAesHeUTVcKfzEgMX4yZuAxDJ54FxqtfGAkSH/w9Azq07VQuQqBQqAQKAQKgUJgFhDIZKox39hvvI+cEx1GPxaqx6mPLGSp/IsvvtjkIxOsVqbTrchOFOLUnfrjp20rERzYR2m2rf1LX/rS4KD46EcOpneZoZdPG2Qv+iAaOLKZcOpukfvoJxPUJqX1IRiQJ92TLTnPIPKl50KO1LeLL7649VdfohcGq2m6tGgjgUY0br+DQwopv/b523bwta99rcWFEPnSIS8aS5ElIZZ/eCD5/GDyL6QjKTP2A4q2tcGY4WDF9Tu/TMCgwUhxx84vLDiEUB5Cbl4UwvH2nftiHJ7hU4cMBL0A7MWyn8XyYC+mZcRePD7nEESGgtBgeQglQD99LcF+EctdYnjQLnzSfsoFt/4+Yb560e3ycotTJv4Yk7ovBAqBlUXA/9oAiLFz/uMYOR6EB7jH8PFR/9vV9N818Dh/Bb/G//BPy9cs/8N78FT8Ji7hnpclrfxCoBAoBAqBQqAQWP0IRPeIToJi4zo9h4xCj6O0kmvIBtE/yAW9oq0MJXZPco08Jh+uueaaJhfRo8z0Ow/OxK426WRxfV0Jo8OEhll2cfSt9Tt1PRMb2tcGOcuXEjgTHya1rfAmj0V2idEjbS2nj04ubaOxxxu9dElbVK0U0Ef00feUTb8Spzz8GRf0k09G69toN1P+LJmRgNWCxQfQlF+fFTRznuX1IVAHCJ1eAHl8ooLFBwAUbkB58XQyoE3ZlzmzjesApBeHgu8l9tKZDRPPoS8PiZ8/QITh/uGljDRheQn96Oe0kwekLQ/Vw1JH8o5fkDG9uVfWn0Q5s4/u9UF5dNpCkf01yohP2UZM/RQChcDZwPXTAABAAElEQVSKI+B/6MIj/E8xeY7RURzehwdJMxjgD+Er4np+s+LEf9gg3sXAgcfgbQZcPvrSL3n0s6e3D+8r2qvdQqAQKAQKgUKgENg7BPpxPHqFOMoqJd4nnE0Y0HXoJS7O5CkldaxfRb4JNdFT1Gk1ec5koidmYkK7ypGPhMeyhrrEkUPQ5XLPcEGuIqdoJ5e66E/yaUe50KFcwqFxufxexku7Y7y1rR9ozgpOce7TZ/JY7pUX7z4ymvzcXO39LmX+3yUxEiDIygFL6R044RDC6667rs2WW9bBeOCBINoLRMll7TGbTullILjqqquGyy67rL1seUABbX7yF5aS+tTvZXN5IQEXC02EX3m8OOLti0G3NFecFy8vGZ8g7YXjlPdyMppoh5M/1ir5XWiazwUH6YwP/owOPHTmgXuY5gXn25fiBYEzl/62m/opBAqBFUcg/2H/RXwkRgIGRLwAL3RxeBEeEZeyud8XPt6Ijxm88TEWegZefAZ94V/94Cxf8Z598bSqzUKgECgECoFCYHkQMOaTUcgExnhffKPrOUeAPkIOoAeRASx1v/TSS9s5AGSdXjdBXS8jJKzuyD3aMPmsrsQpJ9zfJ45P94ly7J5eakImqxxCAx+t9Dm6E/2OrMNJWynXt6VPcOCEyYv05B07drSJJPqi7RMm37PqXnmYRW4MjqG/r1//etz6cPLP5X8kkc6VOiEuBGmMEHnRRRe1F8WKAEtEdO7ee+9thHkYHorLQ7Ss1qcBrTQ4++yzhy984QvtcxQ9SNN2Yk9kzlVf4viEdlcPoHaB6+V0CaPZg3DPya8v4qRFkPbCufdAGUA8aL6XXb15MeXxx+GjI32Nn7j4/oBeeNeGDRsaTdqWrg1GA+HMSqIxdQmXKwQKgX2DgP8h/ocnGKw49/iOAdV/Vx4Wd+l4C56zGv6/6GDQMDDZF8hAgM+4wgPl4ax00p/wuhZZP4VAIVAIFAKFQCEwcwgY58kh8XXAeB+9yOoBh7ebDJZHfGQYyjkdJ3nTeflcHD/yg3ttkSs4ulKU9+hZfd656pBP+2lTXdHx0KJ+OhpZhQwmTn71uvo6x7Q1opbhRz+1HXmPPsf48uCDDw6333778OSTTzZa6Yr6Q792PgEDzJYtW9pqDbSmfB9GbvokPXkW0o1FGQk02BNAmHS4H/AJilYKWFnAWEBR5oBBobYMxb5WJy/6ViXFV3ycegECmMW40NgDF6D4XhjOSxWlOy+pl4fg7pLmYbq40Kc84d/LPM4jXnrak8cFH3lhpI2kt4o//ElcfPksNTnllFMaXnBRF8woGWb43NvqoW75yxUChcC+RSD80X8T88db8v8UtieOYu1/js8wBuKRq83h7VY66A/+Fd6Mbv1Bcwbj0N7z3MSVXwgUAoVAIVAIFAKrH4HoH6G0H/+l2Wbg8HVKKzkg+eWj39BZ6FbkBTKCeC4yjvixS5q6hJMnOpp7aWlL+cga0tCRNslW5JVez3Lv4tRPh+Knjpaw86evP3HL4fc6LvrR7EBFBoJf/epX7Uw8eqd8aDJZ44wGsiL86dKhlR+M0Zpw0ueL21O/JhoJxsCNKwtR6YStBbF0OAzQqf/bdx7+Zyk8IdKLI8/6nYdJsIKYoRobB1JnD9643YXcp74xYO7zgqCfIM8lvxeHcEx4p/CbRWOB8nDQpkxeWC9lrGbS1eUwQ4pB+peXU/3qtXQEHmPXY54wWljmXHHqCe4MBdnGIU5bKZv85RcChcDKIhBegk/gHYwCBiwrgvAQxj3/XXwAsw8/WE3/XXSizRI3dKGX0Ref0RdX+CE+qc/lCoFCoBAoBAqBQmDtINDLM5RxW8UZCawG58gHXGSA3LfI7ke8i17DJb+w+LSTNHFki+hbff5xmL5FB+PonfQi+pC25JUegwadzar2rDJI22m3VbKMP+kPWQpNJpXvu+++4dvf/nY70F96aIl+Cgd6Nd2STMZQwA8OysyFa9+N5O3j5gtPNBLMVRCQLk5jLkIiJ15nWZAotFYJ6JSHhHgCJQVZuC+jbOpSRzopfincXKCIi5EgCjza8wIR2IFPmafwe+E8GE5+Xz1w6Yt8jB/6t2HnqghnB/iMh3MEnNUACy+rlRWMJbZayGe5Dtfj2SI+/BEf2uNL0qb7YKhOSkheNvF9/r7OChcChcDKIeB/iJ/5L+OFBqQMCAyPBgbfscXs8aPwgpWjcHJL6NUH9ObkYDxGHB6G7+kbA4LBjNG0+M9kXCtHIVAIFAKFQCGwWhEY6yDGfPpH/NAtjhPPJY9wZAF1Se/9pMnXO3noM3x1kZOEkz/1y+Mic6ibfkmWck9f88U9E9I+WU+OcQDz9p0T1/QlX5bzBToTwVzq7ulYznCwQhd6rBz413/91+YHT3oiPZrhg/7oE5EOvLYlQX79ol9GF4w/pjvYLbSPE40E4wrz4HRA2KWj7nvB0D1iKdoEX4IjQZJTpzRluSi27qWN/ZZpiX7Spuq0RbBNOG2HVg+FMm/Wz5YJL5eZQPTm0xkOltBXLyXDiCW5BH5GAgI1QwFDAsWAkcF2AA/YCeFezmCCrrwwff/F5R6dCQfzpOtH/iieg3zJ2zpYP4VAIbDPEIgR0n/Sf97/1sCAd7jwB+e6SMOHuNXw/w0NeApeju6eX6MdzXg8QyW+iBfpW/qxz0CvhguBQqAQKAQKgUJg0QiQBTg+HYlME3lAvHAcucA9nxwwlgXEz6fMpg7tpP7oNmQN8UmTl7zBGCDNhAWFny5GnqJrOejd8n0r3Ol0dDlfZVCHCWD6HfpCszrH9IpbLpd2rc58/vnnm45oywGH5osvvrid96df9Mlbb721beV3/pxtByafQy+c4Dof7n0f0u7/z96d9lp2VPfj3/qJR5FCBlAwBkO38Ty3x/Zs3NiOsTGTDWYKSqTkQfIgkSLlVfCEKCFRkCCBMMXYxgPGYGw8g9tuz1Pb7dlMISBFeQP/+6n+f9vVx/f2vd33nHPPuXeVtM/ep3bt2rW+VbVqrVWravdxi10vayQAZAqgMsyMWxNBGBQ0lij8MRKw+CgswTdpCI3uEyTzjDgNjYDpnm9B2tPA/0mF0NLnjy7x6FA+4Dk0uNNPP719WnDHjh3DHXfc0eiylwLjwFNPPdUanPU45557brP2UP4///nPN3dcezL4xCMLkc09GAngJ++LL764fdGBB4LQd7Bcp6w5S9df9+mUPbiZzVMHsY55rkIhUAhMH4HwTwMAo6FBiqUbb9Ff9WeH/3iBc5h339enX/Ldb0wZlJUBFE9XRvzdPQMzPqTMWe505JFHNjpD+1qVvd5bCBQChUAhUAgUAgeOQGSAnOkaxnzjOz2D/jQ61idtdJS8Pf/lISRd7ieuzy9ykncxBkQ+kpYuSQ+jXFv64IsK9B7nyy+/fLj55pubDqaMjz32WJNfzMDTkUzmHnbYYc2gIC/vzHmxcrWbY/4Jnc7KaLNCRg2B8eJv//Zvhz//8z9vk9DiYGB5x7e//e12oJ13gZC8XAfn0IQex2JppN9XWNZIELBUjBnxG2+8cbjmmmuaoYCgqNAChV/FK4R4IYXybBqWSvU/hc6Mk5n4v/7rv24VHWtRCG2ZTeiH0M7qxCrDZSOzZXm3/9bbvPrqq8MNN9wwfOMb3xi+8pWvNBo967ONV155ZbP2MBCg89JLL20C/2233dYa6fXXX9+MBoRsbi/uOzTS1YZ0GGeNLPUB39xb7Tvq+UKgEDhwBPRD/dLApF/yIOLmpr/GYsxAYN0/viONMEv9V1nwduVzjY+njPgaPok+xlO8FC8MHS1h/RQChUAhUAgUAoXA3CBgzM+4r9Cujf2JM7kbHa5PO46xXx4mJUyqWMpNRspeTgEwywnuv//+YcuWLU3uII8wEvzDP/xDm+S96aabhieeeKKt9TcJTM/btm3b8OlPf7op3NH1Rg0X9NjE5X3jPgcnk+UmkU2+B1v6IYMA3VgQz2Bis3+eEGhm8PCciWjGEWkEMpq8k3+LXPjp/0vb/0+a0fOyRoI8AEiARUAk9CIsL9FwIjjmmf6sQCEgz8iLoCwQMPO8+46VEtG/Z3+vNUJLCjQIrh0aWILyoVvj1ABtxMhYQBCGBaGesH/MMce0s+fkw3hw/PHHt4rjHmINLzo1cO/iLeFd4wjBMpgplzI7gvc43lN5FAKFwP4joA+O9kc8RxzGjo9Kkzj8I316/982/id6Hhxa+rcw6Bq40GMANmijQQj/7NPXdSFQCBQChUAhUAjMPgKRRfqxnN7nv9BfRwcRT1ZYTF5wb38C2YKuZE0+/YmclKAMDBTS8G70fnHKxHhhU3zySDaQj7xF6Zaf+/KUvpfR5KPskzYQoMN7vA8dmeQNHTG+hN5gSkdlQCB7kbXozmQvRgJ09Li7znuc5e3IdbtY5mdZI0EK5uUsOtzvxb300kttxkilqZAYDVwLCo8Iin8K7jnAO1L4VKjZ/NNOO609kzLLA1CTDMC+6KKLWjmBr9Eot6CMGh3wzznnnKbgX7jwbUqNTrlYpBgIzAxKh060KbcdM88777xmAbvqqquaQmC2TdrN//+GhdKttiGqcBjCOZgqe8riukIhUAisDQL6oWCAMsOuv+Ivlh/os1z0BbwVzzDYCeEn7c8M/KADr1d2gxl68Bv04I/uibMG0HnWyj8DEFYRCoFCoBAoBAqBuULAGG88F1w7ordEkY0s0BMW2aePW+m1dwhHHHFEm4ylf9FzTLLmXdKQR84///ymh5GdGBSig7pnKbhJXsvBTfDSU03sMhIkL+VMWfPevGOl5T3QdN7X64GuE9BLTowslTK6j1aT0UL0v/Zn4Sc0+J9r5wOlaUUaeApHiWYksJsiN1nConsqI8Sx6iBKwVVWCpZGFqVf+gDk7DlCsnfkmaQN8ZM4R3FP3t6dSktHcE86HgAOQTo0JU3oc6/H68QTT2yuL2iUJvfyDulXG+StHA7XjgqFQCEwOwiw9DIu4hsGLYp1jAZ4At7Hwo2XCtLNQsBL8CplNDDh0yzXNsxhDMBzGEvRw1WO65uBuHjQLNRelaEQKAQKgUKgEBgfAvQyup2xn55HD4y+N763vJGTCWQHmYhcEdnItbLYi8BBv8q9pJVL7r+R4xv6G7kmOln/zDTll7zfO12HBuUlD4qLfjl6TdYin3mm1y/7PEJLzsGhpzdxi52XNRL0GSsgYZAib+bLS0KUBtMr9XkuhUWAuDQshPkvHhDipU16ja7Pb7HCjysu71WelFHeKYs4QVnFoTnpQldwkM690WcT7ywkz93/Vvcb7EOH/8ozTkPE6kpYTxcCGxMB/EFf1CcFZ8o23obHue86fFUfDm+ZFcTC72IscOYxkH1c4k3GEMKA4L4QWmaFjipHIVAIFAKFQCFQCKwMgVH5JXpNdI3IMKO55bnV6DmeJRvJy/vIIX3IO6Ln9Pc96xlpyFwpb58mMlny7/9L55nVlL8v61LXocF974oXhP/Kg/6e9qQXL700DuXtaVuq3D1NS6Xx7j4saySQOMJhCuWcQuZ+D7C4vsD+90HavrDuIV6+Kfi0Ksm7+/f6r2xCytL+LPz0NCVNH5f0ued/rpNf6OyfS/4Hck7+OiuLnsM71E/q5EDyrWcKgUJg9Qjo5/qjtXGWF8QCL841Y6uvAdhl1+d4wjP68+pLceA5KGd4lTIxEDME8BjwtQb7sqADvxHv80Luea74z4HjXk8WAoVAIVAIFAJriUDG/r4M5AD6Br3QhAcv6yi39BH3Pec8jpB8ck6eKVvO4ntdVfo8k3PkGf9TVs/1skp0KvHTCt6p7Cm//2Qq+KbsfXnFodvkUmhR1pQ9z4Te0JH4/F/JeUVGglQ4QZcQSDjM2lMvicFAARXKkcLmLJ1rhVQhnpFvlFt7AWRDP/fdk8+BEOVd+xNSrjzjnaPvDh19eVz3z46m6e8lP3QJo2nz7v09pzw6qTUqZvUExgKuwXnf/uZb6QuBQmD1COjn+iADASVa0C8xdwaCSy65pK07O/zww/fwulG+svpSHHgOyh5eRRhgFPCVG7vr8iTAq/Ed94wP1tA5o8GA1w++B16KerIQKAQKgUKgECgEpo0A3SV6hHGd7iaIz150/pMTHNI4xhH6d+cdyXf0Xf738ob/yh05ZLRceT605V3yyL28a1LnvnzeSx8WvN9yTnv/HXrooY2u0KOc5C+em5b9uyaTkSvR6r68YnDgqZ/9pEJr3rGSelqRkUBGXkzIffrpp4edO3cOL7/8cpsxSmGydqIn0jMphDMixSmo55wJz86bNm1qjY8Q6p7QE9QiJvSTMvbZj757NE3+5+zZ/nr0/3L59e8+kGsNou+wyjJangPJt54pBAqBA0cgfTAePnhgDAT2IRD0WxvuhO/lbdLm+cStxTllSPmUS5kZBPAdAxD+hkZp8XRpkn4tylzvLAQKgUKgECgECoHVIWBs72UROp5xnrHA5GR0m8gJq3vb3k+P5t2/o7/21FL/l5JDknfe2P8fzStpDuQc7KIPy5vclHI5uycOptGR7fH03HPPtf0YvJd8BW/pfNKRYUDe9od6/PHH26QN2UuQh2vps6eDvbB4JiT/lnAFPysyEshHYVgufJfxtttuGx555JHmUeBevALyciC4Fo8gwX/xKsK1/ICTBmczRBt3+VpAPg+Y/FoG9bMkAsEznVZC+FYoBAqBtUVAPwzfUxLWXvyN54CzT6VSuOMBFJ7nuX7QWisqUh7vV0YDjTjjgN2CXfMiMPjg5bwIGJNj/EV7hUKgECgECoFCoBCYTwQyjhvv6XTODnJKDpRF3sl5PqkdX6nhkLAvec49+nCvL/MQ+MpXvjLceuuteyZgTMbz4PRVLPeFe++9t3kckMMia2bC2H/LWT/96U+3r/iR01KO1GnKt9R5WSNBiEQAJX7r1q1NKPR5P3GsG9l4cNSLgBVDQ1IoxAcI6RyeE+9g7Tj55JPbLt8Km+eWKnjF70YgOKlwRhyHawaDlTaCwrIQKAQmg4A+qI/ql9zHGAne+ta3Nm+CGFExbgFPFCd4bhYG2gwoymQQsm8CD4Kf//znbZAyGGWZk7RoNSbg6cV/oFahECgECoFCoBCYPwQWk0HERS805jsy1o+e54/i8ZY4eMCr19V6uSpvlCbxnvPf8n4eA4LnhdxzLT258vnnn/d3T720Pws/0rpnzyufkbSsXz6OyJpJu9R5WSNBiJQBpd4MGEHRWghBIQmEDAZpOIwDngtR0rgnLvH+eyb/zVIhIAUPWO0l9bMiBGAanAu/FUFWiQqBiSOAxwkUajwPfwyf8z8hcf6HL+bZpFmLM54i4CnKLuD/9qaJkYABgbHAgMWbgFHE/wqFQCFQCBQChUAhMP8IkEfIAeQWR2SDUBb9o9f9cm8jn+HWy3qwoDfDK3KfyaKDDz54jxyVySOylDTR6Vx71n/58tpMXUQXF68O5G9SinyWuvKcI2mXq5dljQSp9GRkHa3vYgsKIihMCGgRIz8pnGjXSbvUcyst/MhrNuRfdZA6svN4BHMNJ41sQwJTRBcCM4QAXufIbHyWFyiieP14lJ+GT64lGT0vZiS22SI+k011lN2gJR6/4Q3BHc56uowTa1n+enchUAgUAoVAIVAI7D8CkUmiY/hPLkk8+cCR+3nDLMguKctanoOLcx/gF6OBew4T8H//938//Omf/unw29/+tsXBFpbuk7N4omYpATlMPM9N91zHYOAZ6QRe+ieddFLbdLqX51KHfbkWu17WSOAhL09I5S8WlzQ2UrBe1YwSIVLBpc8z8TRwX1x2/eYSceyxxzYg5OXZvC9513lvBFR0cA3G+b93yvpXCBQCa4GA/sgajJlj7Nb1GyAo2u5Rrns+11+vRXn7d2Ygw4uV8z3vec9wxBFHDL/+9a+Ho446ao/AgC6GD/zIQGSAKv7dI1nXhUAhUAgUAoXA/CLQ6xiu4xUZhTNnY78wS7LMWqAePHJWBrgl0I3JhnBybFrYwN/XDCj9ZK/gF0OMeCH1IF8TM/HwTLznRq9ThshlyTtlWeq8rJFAxnlZXiKz/tr9/OeGumvXruHBBx9s1hAgICKNRrpYPQjNgmeksc/BIYcc0pYd9AC1RPWzJAIwVQcaG+Hc9UobwJKZ1o1CoBAYCwJh2Phd+J9++pvf/Kb1VUYDHkB4pPvSh5GPpQBjygTf5h3gU7UMHHg1wwF+w8vAtcHKgIYXORcfGhP4lU0hUAgUAoVAIbDGCBjvE8gx5Jp+rI8MkzQb/Qwv+NBpYeMQZ5LcBoT/8z//0ybSyXw8BSy7t0Qg+weQoTJZE+zlERnRveDf5w/3pM85991LmVzvKyxrJEjmvbAnri+ka4H3wA9/+MPhuuuuGx566KE9yn9fAGmTp2sEamTAIWR+4AMfaDNt/TN1vW8ENBaYEtBjUdIAKhQChcBsIKCPMoTqpwYHm8k8+uijjeexHJudz1Kh2Sjx7lJkIAmPt9zssssuG7Zs2dL2prF8wj18h6EAfTzDLDdAc4VCoBAoBAqBQqAQmD8EjOfG94z/ocD/KK90ONfipBdyHn0uz2+kMwziAWBC3Jehnn322fZ5w507dw6vvfZam9yFIXmKHvz2t7+9edXbzL//4h/cgmmMA85CMG9/Fn6kcy/GBPGRyXIvafd1XtZIkAL1mSSuNxyYWbrvvvuGr3/968NPf/rTJhB7RpoUMmfPEz6dCc4CcN75znfuEZTFB9iWoH6WRKCvBw0Ftg7XqaslH64bhUAhMDEE+j6on/rv6wCvvPLKcM8997SvudgINsw76Wel32YAUh5lw5Pz3d0eNLT9/u//fltywHsM/+n5Up+2rguBQqAQKAQKgUJgthGIHNLrbuKM7YvpGEk/21RNt3SwIzvxGHjkkUeafszTnsc9OTAe9UrVy1mbFpYenHLKKcO2bduGCy+8sHluZiIm6SKf5dlQ1tdDL4f110m73HlZI8FyGeQ+IwFPgl/+8pdN8VdIQiNwzCwBioCJKLNOjABcUsW5Bsi73vWuPUptGQiC7L7PvVLh2lGhECgEZguBDLI8pvBGFuXf/e53bY8CvK5n6ko++n+tqAl/WapM4Tlo4AnhUHZuiIwF8Wxaq/LXewuBQqAQKAQKgUJg/xGI3BLlMuO9eON8JiT9p9tFXpgV+WX/KR7/EzCJgeCuu+4annnmmab78hawlxP9l/cAjCM3wZPsZDnCk08+2eQq9zdv3twwlmfqZPwl3jvHsRkJgMA6wlDAdfbcc89tZ5/Juvvuuxsw1rNu3bp1OO6449p6XJ4HO3bsaLNpZ5xxRnOrIGSmoe1d1Pq3GALpjBqMw39Hrhd7puIKgUJgOgjgZRg+g6gzSzDm77/Df2vPGA+E9GfX0k9rIPC+xUJfnn3djycYHk9YMNgt9+xi+VVcIVAIFAKFQCFQCKw9AsbwUX2MTEI2EWxWTIbJjHbGfM8I+d/+bNAfnqN04y9/+cvDnXfe2RT9yy+/vH3NwEbQZL9MrpAJGQ3oza+//nrTj5966qnh8ccfH3wQ4HOf+1zbFyr4TgPSVRsJWJIEn2wwM3bQQQcNV1999fDZz362eQY8/fTTzdqEQMRbUnDVVVc1LwP3fvCDHzQXDB4Ijz32WAOOhUWQvjwKGhQr+tEh0ymn2YhWVLhKVAhsQAQMqLG2uw4/o0SL9+lAinVm3NNv+768lrApj2NfxgplZQn3dRpGYml9BtFAJ75CIVAIFAKFQCFQCMwXAsb2yCRK7n8MAuIz802WiYwwK7LLrCBNN6bwW1ZgAv3DH/5wU/bpyrCMTNhPCsGTPn3CCScMX/rSl4abbrqp7VNgPyjyYurFedJh1UYCRHIrtdwAkXZltOs1twjEU/ij9BMaEeW/dEceeWSzjjAgPPfcc80lQ8OTjyPgTRqEec8fVgwqzvDTwHI9jUY07/hV+QuBSSGgH8Y6zOqOp6WPGlS5m5mFF5e+muv8n1TZVpKvMqQcKZfnwnMYN9x3j8GDVwR683nblbyj0hQChUAhUAgUAoXA7CKQ8d/Z+C8Y/+mAMRzMbunXpmR0Y/JQZEB6r42q6cgxqigZnS0Ywta1r16Ro8iHnrcZNKNM8E/6SVO2aiMB4giJXCYcCu5MGHbPbtg2ugIIIq2xsB4XWO94xzuGiy++uM0+2ezQro+sJ8CRPo1y0iCsl/zhJcCuF+7XC31FRyEwbwjohwyomDu3PCEKtmuGA/wyvC4Kt3uzECIMKEsGNfT8/Oc/H3796183Pv7ud7+78X0ucwIe76hQCBQChUAhUAgUAvOJQOQSpSebCCYkE58JySi5iXd2RGZoD27AH0YUe/OR8UySk4t4W5KdTKhkqUYU/shb8JTWxoZ0YvnII3pd0k8D0lUbCVJYxGo8sXQoPILE2707gjBDAaItO9CAGAtcS8fqkufTIKcBwry/Ix1RpxQYaFIv805blb8QmGcE8ET8Dt8T8DX9VR/F+GOJTx9OmpZ4Bn4yKPVFMXDdeuutw89+9rNm5f74xz8+nHnmmXs8xOxPY7NavLxCIVAIFAKFQCFQCMwfAr3SH52MAhu5ILpG5Jekyf35o3j8JTbp7SsFvmxg2cA//dM/DbfffnvzKLBEk2e9ZZnkJUYC+Fp+/8ILL7RPZZuU+dCHPjRcccUVzUNfCaUL5uMv8d45rtpIEMsHIh3+E4gJiVxpKf/OGpPAi8ChEaUBekYcIwHC3SNc55m9i1z/egSCoTiNy38YMhL09/pn6roQKASmgwBexmWMu5h+mcPbY5HvSzJrfVb5BbxF2Z3xal5fDz/8cPu/ZcuW4eyzz26G4IwD6HBUKAQKgUKgECgECoH5QyDjfy+XiCMLCK6Txv9+zHeddO5t1EAH9uW+Y445pn2pgLHgxz/+cYs7+OCDB4fJInIinZesaA8Dk0v2M/CcSZiTTz65TcrAEa59nUwS2xUZCRSGcNgr7bFkpBEglEcAwREADAPnnHNOWzrAkuI+cMxC+T7k8ccf39K89tprbUbKvgQBSd79uyYJwLznnQ4KL41RYJFicMm9eaexyl8IzCsCeBq3Mf3RQGD5lUFAnP6Jr+J3GVxnsc9msFc2xkd0KPMvfvGLxrPtvMtwYNmBwdAnftAtTYVCoBAoBAqBQqAQmE8EMv47kwHofPFUtnM/eSYh8kueSfxGP5OLPvOZzzR9mDeBTfpNtJChBHgJcCUTCpZvMhBceeWVw0c+8pG2j0HqwP1g7XqSYVkjQQoVpR0BCNFQCIEpqBmkzQubFVpj+8Mf/rAZAgiPPvVgSQGQEP2rX/2qfRJRPjZk8GkI3460HMGGDpYmyFPeMUBMEoD1kLc6ooSYmYSZumAwKAzXQ+0WDfOMAOWZNTiGAv3UwMqQp7/iifoqnqcfh9+iub9eSwxGy8Y97r3vfW9zk7M3gfI78B283jX60FmhECgECoFCoBAoBOYPgeh3S5U8umDul84RJPY+k+VMlvuy33nnndc8CuzD5wt/v/nNb5osCEvyIV3YpxHpwzwIeGra14/OHJ04evjeb5nMv2WNBP1rNQCECIhOgf13bcdGXyxgCPBtR94E4s4999zh2GOPHTZt2jS8/PLLzduA0MzwACQbORA8ASF/DTOC6XKN1Ls3cogikbXNGo9PbfQNaiPjU7QXAmuJAEOAWXV8jVFU32R5p0gbDPRTA0P4Xl/WWeB9GfTDj5WPYQOvZhB2PwYB8flSQz+70NNU14VAIVAIFAKFQCEwnwjQ9XKQb8gACb1OGN0k9zbiuccATuQ+OjHdF1Ymz21iGDztPyD4zKF0DAVkLSG69+h1uznBn2WNBITDNAIEZybMtV0bU3ACouUFiBd///33t29l+162T2P5viOBmKsFd9Rnn312j/Xkfe9733DppZe2da3yEbyzb3ATxGCus1Y/UTQQAjPYiatQCBQCa4sA/mh/FsYBSjX+ac8W/JORQH91PRrEzYKRIOVTlpRHuQ1c+Lpg7Zyde32tJvwbvcW/R2u1/hcChUAhUAgUAvOBQGSTjP1K3V+TaSi+ievllsTNB6WTLWWwCD6W5lt6KjC0mORlINi5c2ebYI/nKXwF8hScBfqd/JJni5zgz7JGghClQFxnt2/f3pYScC1l5TjhhBOaUYBAaE2q5QXcI6y3MMPELdV+BIi1JuPUU09t6zHsTWC2ibDJ+8AzgJNvhf1HoG806sxRoRAoBNYWAcwd3+R6T4FmvOOiT7HmaUXRDvNX0p7frm3J9357+Ak+o9ybFrzCuMTZgwZ9DB/uZb8CdDsqFAKFQCFQCBQChcD8IWBM78d+FFBSKbYmPNzzP2mce11k/igeb4lhAR/epJlMIQOSk3q5z8QLw8Cjjz46fO9732uT6HRjXgZ0anoxHdpnEzMxP96SLp3bskaCNBKNgqXjpZdeahsNKijDwNFHH90aSBqLOMq+WSUhlibxlhQABqE+8SC/gw46qKX3DODSyNLoli563YEAnNRFsNMgYS0uWBZShUAhsDYIxB3PWZ908CyI0YB7vv6qr85qfzUGCMqXYO8BZcdvGAPciwuda/GOCoVAIVAIFAKFQCEwnwhk/E/pjesZ4ym8Gef7dO73//PsRjvHo5uu++STTzZPAdjQi8lLriMX+nS0Pfrs5Uc/ZlSwbwEDggl4kzK89D03zbDs2xCJCIKsDbjuvPPO4dprr22WJP+PO+64tn7CsgJLDBDqUw32IACA5z2rwfjPQOA46qij2j1GA/dGG5RnKiyPQHBl1QvWMFVn8B7FdfkcK0UhUAiMEwEb0+CLNmXVJ3lYZaBN/3WOscC7M/CuNR/seUjKqnyMkgwFBizxGScMaOL8F1+hECgECoFCoBAoBOYPAeO/kLHf2UEuMc5nEjhjfeSF/J8/isdbYnoYD4EdO3YM//Zv/zbceuutTXfmGQAjEyywJC+ZSHIW3OOhec011wzf//73m7f91Vdf3TzvTcDLd1phWSNBlE2Vb3mA7zcScv33SUPLCnymwScMAeA/AZIRwLO91YPgG6FXvHSCvNK4kqYa2cqaQHCDpwN+6kmDC9Yry6lSFQKFwLgR4Gb28sJmrdbsU6B5ENjYFQ/lRWVQcIQX5v2z0nfDh3u+7Jqh13IzFm5lNxCiMZ4TaMqzoanOhUAhUAgUAoVAITAfCCw1hpNPHHSNeBJKG7klesl8UDnZUpKPTKjECwBmvElhZINCHgKMLYwCZEMTSu7BMvctyee5mQngyZZ479yXNRJITiiMsSDrUBBO4CUc8ihgJNi1a9fw2muvNUIDggYkLaIJjvISKLTyFCdI42BhkTYgtZv1sywCwUxC2Gpg4pbq5MtmWAkKgUJgvxAY7W/+W6uPx6U/4ocOyjSGn43+Rp/14sXi9qtAY0icMmTwl2VoMbDh4Y7we9fu40HoFJJH+9P9H43P/ToXAoVAIVAIFAKFwNojYJwW6BKZLBDnMNZHHuh1Ddc1vu+WfchJ9uU78cQTh+eee65tTGjyyESLPf1OP/30ZgygS1tuYN8/nvlkw1NOOWXYtm1bW75vUqbfsy91MekWsiIjAcGPUGs3Rt9t9GWCbMLwz//8z8P111/fjAQ8CxT83//935t7hcIDQyNKo0nD8V+8GTUg+oakryMAhFuue9MCYdIgTzL/vmN6D9wEOFcoBAqBtUWAddgmrWH6rMg8C/C8GAko1OnH4Y9Knbi1pCBl6MulPMpskONJgA5GAoMc/mNwQ28MyvIYfV4eydt1hUKgECgECoFCoBCYXQQylhvPo58Z8xcbyxeLm13KJlMyGNCfbeD/uc99bjjppJOGp59+uk2oP//8802OIj9t3bq1GRJ44NOZ77vvvraptc3+P/rRj+75tHT0YvlG15tMyd/IdVkjgcYgEAp90/HKK69s7hAMAwRDu1szDii0RuP82GOPtc0XPAugzKS5L4TQ/poBgjvGueee29L4kVeFlSEAWzjD3Dl1sbKnK1UhUAisFgH8Sv/r+RZFmRs+YwFeyEjw6quvtm/g+rKBLwX06fvr1ZZnXM+P0hQ+rvyMBGgzFhjclJ+1mxGZ0YA3gWUWFQqBQqAQKAQKgUJgvhAwppMBhMgnZABxjlyPphuVG+aL6vGWFja+VnDhhRe2iXCGgq997Wttib4lBibhTzvttOaFb5ND2JGvyFLxNk2JpmUcyPuWNRIgrlc4Ny18+ur9739/I8YujIRgQqI0aSwyZ1RATBqOmTPKa9xsXTvcJzzzHmAosO5CXIX9RwDewVxdVCgECoHpI5DBEa/jKYWf4Yd4JWXaEgT9k1E07mN5Jrwv/6df+r3fqByLBeXkSYBnW3aGTvShK3wInTwKDI7Sh6bQuFi+FVcIFAKFQCFQCBQCs4mAcTz6BbnGMnFjvlBj+951FpknsflvPyob/P/iF78YbGxtIomH/jPPPNO88uFJP4atkOeSj3vR9RI3qfOyRgKFocQLZoQQ95GPfKQtO9i5c2cjknD4wgsvDDfccEP7ruN55503nHXWWc0N1ewSAllDCM3yk49rzyVfn0f0RQSNLIJmNbgGzz5/0ng0GB02xhkP5d4+M6ibhUAhMFYEwrfwN1ZhSjQeqo8yClhaRbnGBxlP9dNZDaFF+cJP0OFAx6YFo3GMAYzFNuhBIx7+85//vA2AeLv0fR7tT/0UAoVAIVAIFAKFwEwj0MsBKai4fo+l6IlJm3PSb8RzMMiZDOUg/33sYx9ryw/uueee9nlEXwc08U5uErJPn+vIXq4F8lTy3B0zud9ljQSpeEWg2PtvBowrhF0ZFZ4QzAoi2Jnx8ssvHz7wgQ80IThGAsIwoVkehGME+h9LiXUZ4nKWV2+g8L/CmxFIQyGUwwu+rsXn3pufqphCoBCYNAJm11mJbezKLZ+BlcKsj1p7ZiObpTynZrHvjg5UxgGGAjTwkEAvY7DDNSu58QC9+HqFQqAQKAQKgUKgEJgvBDL2OwtRUqPImpwcDXlmNH6j/qefBTfY0KWPOOKI5kV/xhlnDHfeeWdbskleNLnkU4dZajAqD/qfyfRJ4/nmml3kjSkMohTOgWCKv2DmyMYMxx9/fBOK3/nOdzYjgoZjzW0CYAiM4nuio9S6nxknz/QGiuRR5zcjADcHHOE7iuObn6iYQqAQmCQC+iBFmbt9jJ2UaS76Blb80qz7YoPrJMu1mrzDm8NvDGBoYuxFo4BnMwKjET/iZRAjQc/z5dH/X0256tlCoBAoBAqBQqAQmAwCo2N1ZAHjviM6onE9ocb43UjARuj1WdgEQxMtJt3t4cQj38SSvatiQOhxdJ1nR+tk99vG/7uskSAF6huBwiG4L7yZsiuuuKK5n0T49Yy0Sec6wmPik39PWtLnnf29ul4cAfVB4XC4TgNcPHXFFgKFwCQRwMMox/idPslgQHn2dRj/o2BLtxgPnGTZxpE3/oLPb968uQkJ8SRAC0MILwPCA3fEXogYx7srj0KgECgECoFCoBCYPALGdPqakGv/ex0upUg6//vr3N+I514Xg59DHLkohgOelr7uR4+++OKL28SLa5NJcIwuHcynie+yRoJUdAjN/8UKyZW2D/0zgEnoCU0a95J3zv29PFvnNyOQhuesMTkH42D55qcqphBYewTSVhcrSe7FWJj/OS/2zFrF9WVSXuG///u/2x4t/qdfshozHCTMY/9MmZ1ZwN/2trft+YIDnh0PM5bxeBLkmdDd45W4OhcChUAhUAgUAoXAbCCQcTpn4zuFloJrEiQTkhnfk242Sr/2pejxsCzfBoWWYf76179uX4CCZ4wBzpsW9nhyCGRGX4navn17W37Aa5O3vrPQ590iJvSzrJFgEu9Ng5pE3hsxTw1NZ9VoeoWkcN6IrWG+aO7baM/0Rq97qvJMn6a/v1bXyiPoj/qh/VisyXdtYM3g6r4jdKxVecfxXgYBvIfQgH7eEpaYieM2x1DgXmhNneX/OMpQeRQChUAhUAgUAoXA5BHo5RyGgoz9xvR+XCf3kHM2coBHdDJLT5977rnh0UcfbZsT8r40YbRr1662PxUPU4aCPONMfnziiSdamve9733Nc5PMNU35cWpGAgSncaXR+I/YCI6Jr/P+IQA/64IFDYilKUYDuFcoBGYVAQNMGF7fVsXn0JYd4SHhG336taIvvGu0LNaUYfAUZYHybNbdOXSsh0EU/ejAf9Qj/uNgIDEgHn300W193VI4rVW91XsLgUKgECgECoFCYGkERuUa4zjDgLNAnqHoGvsFsoBnHIlrNzbwDyxef/314cYbbxxuuumm5mFq3z4bE/7qV78aHn744XaQl2z6b1Nr8q6vRZEff/rTnw533HHHcOGFF7YPAgTXyFSThnbiRoKekNEGF+KWis/9Ou8bAfhpVBoPvAnsjsJ137jV3bVHQLvNgKM0Bhnr2H0G5pe//GVby4+hWvtO+ezbdM9b1p6SvUug/5lFR0v6ZwwEUorradn76fn5Z9NadMWIwxqunvAiu/QaBO3HMEqr/7Ncf/NTA1XSQqAQKAQKgUJgcgj04zcjATlNMLbHaCBNFFj3anzfjQGPAd4D3/3udwefO/RVq23btrXPH1pO8OMf/7jF27TQ5MonPvGJNrkCY96nMJbOcoXIytPEduJGgr5xaTh92Ne9Pl1d7xsBjUlHdVBKNCqzsBUKgVlHQNvtBxbX3LIee+yxNhNN+Tz55JOHQw45ZI+iGb6R81rSmDKEjp558yYIY0cXZVrQN6Xv9yZYSxpW8250sYj7HK7NGNFlYEObwZE1HF8Sgk3OwW41769nC4FCoBAoBAqBQmDyCBizjd/G/Vz7nzF98iWYrzfAyOcMeZWSh8hIxx133HDaaae1rxfYo4BhwHnnzp3Dk08+2ZYcmGixbNM9eZAdYR5ZapooTNxIEGI0oj4gvMJ4ECCYUzzSeTUmR4VCYNYRSDtl3IrS/Mwzzwz/+q//Otx///3D4Ycf3pjkMccc03bM7+mJYt7Hzcp1rL+8CQQ7/ot79tln28Y1FGufuAnNs1Lu/S2Hwez0008frJdTVwY2Bw8D9WPws3mhMCpIjP7f33dX+kKgECgECoFCoBCYHgJktnguk1/iRagE/ZheOt7uOiED8gTwxSdfMLj66quHCy64oGF18MEHD4ceeuhw2GGHDbfccktbVvDFL35x2LFjx3D22We3SV9eqSZe4AlfwfW05N+pGAl6whCYWW6NLYRWg4LM/gfYcvGN2+/+51BPFAJrhwBeYJDBBAVrtx588MHh8ccfbxbYl19+uVlTo0xr7w68IwaGtSv9G4Niz7+UjweBHWwNEMqJPlbiH/zgBwMjyCWXXNI+bxO61pKG1bwb3znhhBOahTvLDpyzNISBgGdI6nk176pnC4FCoBAoBAqBQmA6CJBletkmbxXnHgU2E5Ti+rTR7fLMRjzDgIxHR4uXN9lQgJ/7ZCifxv6jP/qjJitee+21w1e/+tXh1ltvbfG+khUs8wycpyX/TsVI0DcOjYobrrPAuiIguG9gSzXOlrh+9iAAMw1IR40rCoXEURjugakuZhQBBoJegbRRy6uvvtrc1PEEzDXKJxK09/CJWW3fyocm7mX6poAWs+qMHs8///ywZcuWNmi0m3P8ow4YBPqA96hX9xyw6Ae01FvqsX+2rguBQqAQKAQKgUJgthDIuN2P68Z+SnDG8qRR8n7Mny1Kplsa+MCJJ6nPH1pWQPF/+9vfvkdOIi+9613vGo499tg2mcTj9JVXXmmyr+cjS2bZAQpiOJg0Nas2EvSNoi80wdBBYEwDYhh46KGH2k6OQPLNcG4W733ve9uZQpC08gJcheURgJkDXg64xwiz/NOVohCYHALhD/pz2qk4IX09/ZxL1gMPPNA2LaREMxbgCf269pQ0+eb/Wp1Dw+j70Yu5p5z6oxl1hjyMHl3SrLeAXksrDIqEBGvxbMjDq+Kggw5qeJTwsN5qvegpBAqBQqAQWG8IkG8iw+Rs5lsgv1B8MzkpLvKQtI6NPtaj38bblmPaj4Ac9OUvf7l5mn7sYx9rXph0ZFiSmy699NI2cU52/P73v98+fUifi4y8Fniu2kiQRoRIwvyLL77YdnI0a2azMTs5MgK4d+edd7ZPQPikA28C7hUMBTZyABjFAJDyBIo81wIUjX2egkaks9rkgktLOnM67DzRUmVdXwikLY724/CNnKXLN2FZTX3uRdzdd9/dztp3QvLM/1k6K5sDDejRH9/61re2zx8qJwNB/73bWSr7gZal59Ph3eE96DcWMJDYhyH17V1Jc6DvrecKgUKgECgECoFCYHIIZJwmw5FtjOkZ80c9CcRLn2NypZqPnBlQKPxHHnlk+6IBuZA8xJvAhNgf//EfN3kwGDMUkH3hSje+7bbb2hLct73tbW1DQ3kF+1GZelKIrNpIoNEIiPTJMt98ZAzwCTNrVYGA2Jdeemm49957mwGByy1rlNm11157ra3bZUhwMBL0eU6K8PWSL6xgz6ji0HByXi80Fh3zi4C2GaaGirRX1+7lPwMX7yKKtfa7eeGThwwDNsGzrj+b3/XPeXZajNJ7lwqhwf2UB812tUUD/oevuXbfNWOB5+Y9pA5DB5oc8QpjDGYgxuthom49U6EQKAQKgUKgECgEZh+BXsah+OZ/lo7nf+QfFCVu9qmbXAnJQXAwUXTGGWe0iVwGAv9N7pJtyUbSCdLyLDjqqKOaUQHW9GZy8B/8wR802QnG0kWemlzpd+e8aiNBBD4zRYj5z//8z7bxGEsIpZ/ViYuFnRu//e1vN0XATNopp5zSgHnqqaeapeRb3/pWs5588pOfHFhNKqwMAfgTvB2ChuOoUAjMAgJRIjG1PvjvngMjZFzkXmXJAasrJsnqynJKucZIheSTZ/s81/q6L5vBE08UMHf8EB0GAwZSdBkM1kPIoJU6QRea0Yj/q9MYCtAbXpU2sB4wKBoKgUKgECgECoH1iMCoQhpjgLNxP6Ef0/v43N9o5+Bhsvziiy9uXvO7du1qk168Bij/0dn6CZR3v/vdzfPScvyzzjqryVEmzsiRCZGj8n9S51UbCRCooRAEGQkI+4jZtm3bcNlll7WNGOxYzrUi+xBcddVVw8c//vHhT/7kT4bt27c3w4L7Tz/9dFMMACpUI1t5tUdAL8xWjlmlnA4CGVDyNowzg45ra9avu+664frrr9/jlsVQ4GsAjAPSJGjf/f/Er+VZedL/lMP/zKD7j5/ZoJXRABbW5uN9sR5LM68htDMCxCjCS4L3BDp5jdlbgqFY2rSFPDevdFe5C4FCoBAoBAqB9YxAxulerzCGO/q49YzBamjr5VVKvSX45CJeBOQkQRqe92SoeN6LN8liuT5ZGN6ej2FAvfTylPSTCv9vtRmnoZgx8mkHBWckOO200/ZsRvjb3/62WU4QSFj2Xcj3vOc9bTdH+xHY1ZEywKUYePKosDIEgpWzukgH9jRFrEIhsJYILNUGw+z0eTu5MhQwIpplxw/wCTPS4S9m4XkcCOK097T9taRvqXfHJc99tHAvw+McZtntx7IeQuqBEcC3fR977LHmQqce8SIB/7f0ohcsUq/rAYOioRAoBAqBQqAQWG8IRH7LWI6+jOPGcPcjA7jXj+uzLJ8p6zQCfGASrPyn/McjAEbiyL6PPPJIm1Txnx6cQA52kJmTvq+PpJvUeSxGAgTFEGAnRx4ENiK0rIBwz1vAsgLpuE+wjLCYIJpb8RFHHNHW6VqXLE0aYTWy5atd44MT3CgmDtfi+g67fE6VohAYPwJpgxhfGFzirMf6yU9+MnzpS18abr/99sYTzj333OZ9hJEyOmbpkb0KzFTLI207+Yy/1PuXY8qRsuF5lGLeBHicT91wLYMBZh83sxhK9u9ts5Ua7T5bqR6/8IUvDP/4j/84PPHEE41Oxh73jQ3qGm+CQQK8KhQChUAhUAgUAoXA7CGwmDIqzjjuMBtOVks6cRnXIxfNHlXTK1Fw8cb+OiUQxwv/nnvuGW644YY93rP7kg2Da87Ja1LnVRsJNAgNgycBgs2aEextziXeTKENDQnMghk0RzZ0oAiYdQKKNBRcwbPTAqG9cE5/4A8nykc6rP/pqHNKVhV7nSDQ92HXYZQURt+MtcwAg6RIf/azn20GxvAOs+/4Ah7yq1/9qrlj9e26v15LuEKjswNteBme+Hu/93vNxYxhAG+zBo0rPkvyrJR/NdihF414D2+Q+++/v322B20Mxu5zpfPNX7w+9e+d7lUoBAqBQqAQKAQKgdlDwBhNF0vwn0wmzhE5J2mM7xnX14N8E7pXew4WPTbB1j37b5lsiTd93udenoGxawdZMvFJO6nzqvckUFCFZ00iHAtR9N0TZxYpwmE+eyieocA6DF840NgImxqg5517gCYFwLznm4YCszTEnHNv3mms8q8PBPCJ8AHtFVPkIcCDyBKlrVu3tvVaqJVOGsYvvMLsvOcdeIMwC/yhpynlERdvAjyO0UNAk7IzfuB1PS0twZz+4P2MBOHZeLlrdDtbYhEDQY/XnJJbxS4ECoFCoBAoBDYEAuSWyDYINobTLRzGd/dL19h3Uwg+zuQhnqZkIrKSL/+ZSCEHmwyzsaFJM7Ij2YocRb4K9pEj+zrZ99tXd3fVRgIFVWjEAIDS7zuQgBBnrQXCAXDwwQe3pQXxJJDWd9B/9rOfNdAIz2bYNDwhwK6OxPX9NPwFZ0qVA26F3fqu93mhLowMj0gQhy/YiwCztD+JHVxPP/30tl5fG8YDHJijQYk3EqOCL6YI8ujzTN7TPiuDsoRO79f3eBHgeYwcDAL4GsMBgwfPqXhPTbu8434fuvF5NDoYhNGu7vBz94wFsHCGjWeE4lHjro3KrxAoBAqBQqAQGA8CkWsyVvtvHCejCeSf3PO/xnYovBFG8SD/vbywmbNN/u3hZGkm2YihgN5MLn7ooYea/PSOd7yjycRnn312+yoCWUqQp2Na8u+qjQQaiMKzfGzatGl45plnhptuuqk1JMsOrDV+/PHHm7B/5plntn0KCJLcT2+99daW1ncj7fp49NFHt3RpgDEWvAF5XY0ikMYSrNSH6/wfTV//C4FpIpABpLc+i+M9hBlyv7/yyivb11AYD4W+7VKyDUqWJjASaO+eD6NM/tOkafRdytCXifEzG/WxBluChUcaDPC2GEJDy2h+8/bfYKWeHOqZdRweNmhkBWcxdzCSzEJ9zRu+Vd5CoBAoBAqBQmAWECC3CIuN5X1cfz0L5V6LMsAAXpn4yn868Isvvtgm0Mm3JlakIeeSE02OkZlMisUoQy72fI5p0bNqIwGhkJBIGEQQwdAMIQKtw/UZM0IzA8App5zS9iMABO+Ba6+9thkQCM2eZTmRV5SE9SJET7IyY01iodLQMls5yXdW3oXAShEIc0w79RymZzd8G9pRnn0JZfPCcoNYSj2j75uJxizFe0bbdg6zjOFhpWWZRLp+wMwAkH7IQJBNCqVTdoEy7b/DM/MclD91jF7/1Qt+lC9UqHtpHELoznme6a+yFwKFQCFQCBQC6xGByCcZq/0nfxnTI9OJS7pgID05ILpc4jfaOfpxjwOZlq57+OGHt8267UNgopx86NPYW7Zs2SP72vzZJv9k4OAN24RR3BM/zvOqjQQpOEK2bdvWFNXbbrutGQdsxkAgPuaYY4arrrpq+NCHPtQ27WI4ePTRR4eXF9wuPMfDwD1nHglCGuU4iV2PefUCelx+CesaZxroeqS7aJoPBMIf0hZZSZ977rnh4Ycfbu5V9iFgPGQklDbtGXVc8t/97nc3o6MlS4yLjI+Y7GID01ogohx4Vc+4KcjoZTilKKPD7Lo0+uYslX8cmBkAbVLoeP3119sYAAPeYQ5LRfqvU4zjnZVHIVAIFAKFQCFQCEwXATJP5DqKraOX25RGml4xnm4JZ+dtcOgDTCy7pyufeOKJ7Ytdh72gcgAAQABJREFUZKYbb7yxeZhacvvRj3606cmepQ+TgT0Xndg5+Pd5T+p61UYCBSMQs3QQ+AFgVpArMYEekaeeemq7h1hp7e7Ns+Azn/nMsGlhiYL1yD6FyGAgjDa4Flk/iyKQxhNPgnTaKGWLPlSRhcCUEEg7jAHApizXX399MxKwph5//PHNqoohYn5pz/7zSsITzMxbs4WZJr+cp0TGPl+TsufM44FRgEHAgXZnPNKZ4VQI099n5jN+MzSoK1ZvLnTxpLDcjJGA15j1dpZgwKhCIVAIFAKFQCFQCMw2Ahnf+3FbXA4THuQZcpsgvg/9c338RrsOLvAgB5J96cb+24eA3ERfPuOMM4bzzjuv7e/kmeBKJ45hIOdp6cmrNhL0wjqiEG5mkKuwdRfWGTMAiEecg5GAd4GZJzOIua/hyCMg9HlvtEa1P/RqaDCjgGhUjmC4P/lU2kJg3Ahoi2GQzvYV4EVgTwIbsuALZty14TA919I6e57CzSWLZxIFNPfGXdYDzQ+fEpQ3ZWe0c82TQL9kvEv/FC/MGh2tUPv5gxb1ZoDD87nL4T3oVXeECMF1T/d6oH0/oarkhUAhUAgUAoXAXCJgzBYyjkfu6YnJvT5uI18HD2f49RiSiQTyrwn03/3ud+3rXpbfj+pvSUvWEvxPXIuY4M+qjQSI0Vi4EbOQcHk3O2i9BUB611oEEvYBdvLJJzehEkDS9QaBADsK1ARxWBdZwzCNcF0QVETMPQLaYxikz7xs3759eOCBB5pxAA/gZSRou2F6MRb4z5OAwmn/Am7r9jKgiOI1Pc9YK6DQFz7lmhEDL2RdP+igg5rFGA+kRMNBmXPkubUq+7jeq57QyODDoyAGEZ4E/qOToYfRmDdBjELFq8ZVA5VPIVAIFAKFQCEwXgSii5FZBGO5yQ5nccb6LK8clWci+423RPOVW49BsOwpgKH4TQse9YwDvDF7+TAykjSuYZx8pBvFvM97XNf7ZSToCU4BuZH6esHzzz8/HHnkkW3TBWtwESzkGem5DFt7YX0x74ELLrhgOPTQQxvRITzp+2dbRvWzTwTgprNSsHoM9/lQ3SwEVolA2lrOsst1f8Yn7rrrruGRRx5pivOFF17YPAmyxKgvRowFDI6+fmA2Xl4MBJTtMMac+2enfR3mnbP+h1bGUMYMirMyi5MGX2RAmIWyjxMrXgQGOPQylKCZMcByA/fwpnwKV3zGj3GWofIqBAqBQqAQKAQKgfEhEDkuMo5JkEwE7Ms7UvqNHoIZHIIH2YecSJ518CAwgSLeklqyIW97XvgmXyIrel4a9SEu8ZPGeL+MBH0hCfIR3M0M2p1ROOyww5pgP1pwgiNXY5sW+j4kMOJqbH2GvAiSZgiFNMzRfOr/4ghkNk+nVU8aYQnii2NVseNDQD8VwgD9T9/N2T1LBfR5yrIlRgyK+eThvkpDocQotWez0JRP1+E/ee++8pjWPUwbzfYkcCibPii4jvEDLwwN0yrbpN6TOmb84DXAoKOOs1Gj+mPowZfUn3aA789SvU0Km8q3ECgECoFCoBCYZwRGx+r8N/aTZehtkQNyD72Jm2faV1v2Xs6LLMjIYrktXdg5X+2CFxmSxy2d2BIEsnLkpdxXJnnBusd7tWVd6vkVGQkULgVUKIRoGM8888zwL//yL8M111zTBENxJ510UrOCSOMIEQRHHgfcjZ966qnh6aefbsaCT37yk8NHPvKR9hwDgfdMi/ilQJm3eJjBXoPUeNKA4F+hEJgkAtqY9teHtDtnbdHZzLqvGlASL7roonbYk2S5QMmkeMoDc8VH4s4f3rJcHtO8DwtM3+CJn6GRkcN/92J5D0bTLNsk3qUO0OXgIYE+9Ktn/3mKGPAYEfAnOAizWHeTwKfyLAQKgUKgECgE1gsCZBeHMTxjfuSZ6B7u1Ri/e+8Auhm5iPxjouz2228fbrjhhrah8//93/81eckEEg98aU2wkHmPPfbY4YIFb3tf/vOZ8OjHZK3gPY02tSIjQV/hCCWk+4Thd7/73bZ8wOetzCIhUto0Ig0mBLnH/dYyA7s58iqw0/kXvvCFZjD4i7/4i/YFhJXMLk4DmHl6B8x75cP/CO6uKxQC00Ig7S3GAbyAwqivc63C/OxFYJnRSoJ2naVL8sE3nLmwC3nfSvKaRhr9Ltb1LC3wXgyeCxmrMJoEaWet/K1gB/BjaYgv27B+qyMDnTbAEn7EEUe0OjNuMBZxVYxXxTQHuwMgqx4pBAqBQqAQKAQ2JAKRUXIGgjHb+E12IevQCXPfPddC4tqfDfwDE0sK7r333uGee+5pn/SmM7/nPe9p2JFnLcV0pkfHs54cdf/99zeMyU1btmxp96YtM67ISBBlX8NAsO+VW1+MAK4RBGAEv+9972uCsMYRJSFtA2HWrPq8AzB++tOfNoHRrBODA+8CLshA8p5qYEFu5efUE6zV07Qb08pLWinXCwKL9dO+/1MI8YhXXnmltUeKMgVf+1xJoHzyJhAsNbCBIQV0Ftt26EazgwcBS7uyMhjwKvjDP/zDxhulXSkGK8FpFtIwAOHfaMPjWcXF2cDRfjTqTh0K6432WcC/ylAIFAKFQCFQCIwLAWP5qKw1+n9c71qv+ZB1yD686B988MG2/JJnANnI5DnvWDowGZmMSA+mAzMM/O///m9bksALn+zsEOTJOCPdpMOKjAQKpLGwGiHkW9/61vDVr351ePXVV9vM2Mc+9rHh/PPPb5YOAqH0aUgUV4HwyBJiBvH0009vRoabbrppuO+++4YXXnhhuPvuu4fNmzcPdsQmSHufkHzan/p5EwLpxBoMxYRgLk4dVCgEpoVA31/12cyW4xHf/OY3hx/96EetX/sOrM3shJUwOUzQmnbKNsXT92R5JDBKujcL7bznUXDAJ/VFgwB+hic60I3Jc8EPT+2fnVZdjfs9oYGXhEO9GuAYc9Bqnxp1ZnMeRmHp+/Yy7vJUfoVAIVAIFAKFQCGwOgQiX2WMz9ht/DbOk8vIYblP38t1zqsrwfw/zUvAht0UfXLR1q1bh89+9rPNwxJ+PCx/8pOftGUIqD3xxBOHo48+usmIjAp0Y7oyGYpubDJemBa+yxoJ4hGgQCwed9xxR9uDgPBvacDnP//54ROf+ET77CGriNAL/xoZxdVZY2IsABJLCoXhi1/8YgMASIA566yzGhDymRYI3jWvIRjBVoPj1SFOHaTu5pW2KvfsI5D2Z9AYVXx9svDWW29tBkXeBH/zN38zbNu2rSmS0muzywWz8RRtvEZ+vJhYZT2fdy+Xx7TupzwMBAKPCUoz67Dyx4DHgDKL5V8tTow5xgCDnrrFgxhHrK3jKab+rMHDl2JEWu076/lCoBAoBAqBQqAQmBwCo/KK/0KWVkbXiFHBvdFnxG20QOaz1ICCb4LEUoLjjz++eQvQ1chIZCZe9pbj8yggP5kwP+ecc9pk2MMPP9w+Gw5PxgVYCz3Wk8R12enmviB2p/YVg7gOcwW23hRxCE3DifDv/6hAGGCk2bTwbchjjjmmPW/WKTuXey4KxySJXy95w0tjhHWOYLheaCw6ZhcBbS0KckqJV9iokAXV+isWULP/WZMvvTa7XMAvLDeIAVK+nsM/Rt+5XF6Tuo9+wdmhDyofgyjjQBRiZ/QIs1L2Vpgx/KA7fB8fx8/xcHHGB2OFwU88fITgNobXVxaFQCFQCBQChUAhMGYEFhunE2diklwTeSbxipC4MRdnrrKDDXmHTOTgTelgXIEV+ciZXOuIfARXgczEuMCYQJ4S7zxNbJf1JEiNKCQCrC1FjEKaKbNZlQMQUezdS2MRNxoiTJohtEyB4YE7hY0aAJkwTSDyznk9w1mDhC3cHKmTeaVpvZRbX0hbjoKUftHfC72jaRK/1FnfTJ9Kfjn3zyQuZ+9xHUaUNfQYUZ8m7anPq7+WT94vrWcZEu3gevPNNzcF0RcNeA4xEiTkmfxf7MwggL/Y8NRSA7vD8mIyI83wMAuh72u8CJSNW5l4RgLLDhJgk+D+vIe0k9CRTx6qW+0SjYwEcDDY5XvAfZvNs3UuBAqBQqAQKAQKgdlBwBgeucWZjEPmE+/aWN6HUZmgv7fRrmHBS8BkOrn6+eefH2677bamO4szeUKvtkef5QjkJkvyybYvv/xyW4bAe9YSAx6ZJp4iO00L52WNBGkMCs/N16ygoIAEQgBEqRDfC75pXIiiwI4qRmYHuaPaEVseDAR5X859fvKv8GYEgrPGRhAXerzf/ETFTAuBdGTKrrVJFHIuR/3u/PqHOkz/yHmlZUx678r7Fus3iUt/dMa0MCffa8WYLAOy7MeMd18m+QrJI2UTn/eLQydjHw+Cn/3sZ+3/ZZddNvzVX/3VcMopp7S03oufjOaVPPszvmDTP2vbGTF8GYWiqX0nnz79Wl0HA31QHeNfyqjMwnrlZ30dolG9qi/XeJGzIF5dOjzTP9cS1E8hUAgUAoVAIVAIzDQCxvLIO8bzUVkuY3tk0ZkmZsKFgwXF3j4Dl1xySZtAsgTXsn3LUMnZcDKpRBe+6qqrhiuuuKLpCNLY/8+k08c//vH2vDTwnmZY1kigMbAWhRj/HYQ/CoGzQxxiXafRJJ6wLOR/34jS4MTlWWmTxnWFpRGAWbByVg+C+OqkS+M2rTupG3VhTbaZcErkpoWlNoxs2v9SnX4l9den8a68L/Wf9iA+adMfKdu8eHyaxZ4BmJmySOda+QwC1prHTd49Ifn5H37g7Hk7svIkoCRiahgkqynlUQi9K1Hy5e85RhVlsXlhjInJp2W6Rj/KF8wVIXi7jiEj8dKiWZr+GffnNWhnoSc0odvYILgXup1z9DjNK+1V7kKgECgECoFCYKMgYIw3vjtcG88z7sNgqeuNgs8onfAh6/Cg5Q1rAo4OkP2Zkp6M696mBb3ApDnZNvs9mEy3LN8RmTdyV56f5HlZI4GXaxCC2TzEKqDGwHhgZq8XfPtGAhzCYp7PvSgH7hP4zTzKkzIi5H77Uz/7RCDCtsbDdUWDEgfPCrOBgPZs8xI7/H/nO99pFkTWQpv4WaePQegb6ixMYKV9IH1qVPlKu+gRkGf6IiX+hz/84fCNb3xjeOihh/Ys87E8QJkwNAzL51gwLzvUU9TzvPcJo+8RjwnKH7PD2GzAYmmR4L5yeC60thtL/KCPu36MBJ5nKLDkKd4YSzw6tWhlcqAJPurRwbCCX7qXukWz/yut36kRcYAvQjPanNHFsGR5CL6etuKeejQWiOdtgVdJn/Z7gK+vxwqBQqAQKAQKgUJgyggY18lixvPIM2QBwbheY/tuHGBDViXv8x7gUXv//fcPjz32WJNjTX4dd9xxwwc/+MHhzDPPbHqwZ8jOf/Znf9a8Uc8999y2bDM4R96aBsbLGgl6ARChiOFGzBJC8bH8wMxohN8I/p5DQATFEKcBIdB9yoRZTGARGK1d9Y7kJU7aCssjACuY9sfyT1WKaSCgn9jdfceOHcMTTzzR2r337tq1qzGNww8/vH0elFKdsNLO3ytanvE/cf1//cjM/rPPPtuMAk8++WRbaqAfb1owBjAA6sdcmyyL0F+drf/3TPqmteUMUQ7LE3zSL94GjB2el956KoYGLlbWUnl/eID+rWz5H5qXOlM8vQdvsORJOR3a+izwh76uGE6VjRUYLnicgVRZs3Gj+PDJpWiep3jtTYADo4hBEAYGRHSL116MBeK1Ee0t7XSeaK2yFgKFQCFQCBQCGxUBxn6ym/GbHJMDHuSxyAM1vu9uIWQgGJFjLef1dQN7dD399NPN65ZsRAcgH5KR6AWWH1iqyjhA9uXZ2+NLpurlzt1vmszvskaCFCSCnhlF+xDYTMGsEIIYCsz2SaNhOCK8p6EAybXGBQgNzbPbt29vyggFwOxSNsKQPu+eDOnrI9coSs6UwOyaibpgvz4onU8qtHez3tz5KUj2I6Bcu2YwoFDbD0CfMPMcN/8w2+X6QOq4Tzd67T/FDFPyiRV9jvKqzbBWYlqZ/WXQYBhIO1IO/32pwLWy66uUQXwAPQwHDBziGR3QyrosXr76tbAYT1iuVtGHt1AqKdehTVtPfsvlMY37KZfyKpf/MFS3jEPCxRdf3OhIedJ3839ez3i1gHbeYNoT/q7egoUBz6Fd+JSutpPn5pXuKnchUAgUAoVAIbBRECCzGNtjKCDnJI4MK0QW2iiY7ItO2GSpLsxgRA7iWWsSjYzomlxNnyYvkrdNhtEFDjnkkHZfPgJ5KtfTwnlFRgLEEegU+qyzzmquxIiw2/g3v/nN5i595ZVXth0YIxQiKAoMosQnUFDs8MjV+b777muC4wUXXNC8FLzDuzwbgTvP1fnNCKShwBduDtc53vxExUwTAX2HUm6nfwxBP7F7KWWJoQ1DoLi/8MILrf+ceuqprY+9973vbUqxvpM6zrkvf9+v9Bch6cxgv7wwo29jQgaCZ555pilolG35M/ixVGJWFHrBPgX6p++62lvAUqAc8kODcltOgK7sV8IaylIqjfSUQPlicsoTXuAdyrzS/u1ZDNSsNCOE5xhdlG0WQrBOWdCWPRwsxYLl1772taYwsxbzxNImhAyqeXaez6lfdeToeT6exGDAWMRAoK0zHvFOqVAIFAKFQCFQCBQC84FAdAylJfdRekdlmZXKd/NB8YGXMvI5eYjcahLt4Ycfbl68JrrIgyZVyIoPPPBA0wXI19IzLuQLgDb/zpLd5BmZ68BLt7InlzUSyCYNgHJBwbEDo5nQr3/9603g+4//+I82U3nppZcOmzdvbsYEM6hRDhDsWQqEWUa7O1qbbSZVYBiwFsMGZxQNwbOjAni7UT97IRCMYBzMYB9FZK/E9WfqCGAMOr/1/9r3hRde2IwAFEn15esC1113XTO26Rcnn3xyU8IvWDCa2Qsg6VK3PQGYRB+kUfcUdx4BDASMcd/+9rebxwLmrp8xVCgHRT75az+YDwWPd4ElAvHq0dfdd1DyGAd9sgVdjBziMLkwLUzP+iv5GESSt7Jql/jJYvT0tIxeMzb4DIz9Exgy8BLlkv+sBPSjL5ZjhlTGDMs2YBsMw0+D16yU/0DLMUqH/+h1FuDBE0Tb0i5tlslgUkaCA0W8nisECoFCoBAoBKaLgHHdeO5wTdElJ0YGyJi/v/LddKmY3tsi+5JVH3zwweG73/3ucMsttzSPAaVgJOBhSm40mUc/Jh/Sg+kOdAKTiPTn888/v20ETo4P3tOg5C0hYvRlfWXnXuLsWE7ZUHhWD0rDXXfd1YR2ay4IfxGUYyzwHgKi2UybNlhqkGDncwdFIMK0c4XlEUhj0SlhDO/ELf90pZgEAj3+XIgoiZRanZtbvjVGrgWKL+8B/QLDlR6ziFGNIs+130y/PpE+qL779/gvmOmnuL/00ktNGbNMQBymw3vAuxgiGPNYgBPS33IWrwxCr4grh70HlFPACxgIGCTMmmNw3iN/dAp9nlGQ242Rn9AmOvTkWvkpmcokHTxnyRAWPqpMBk1BXwxOyu3AF5O2p7E9MIc/fRtM8UNXzuqcF4F2xEPF8jRtfbFnk0edC4FCoBAoBAqBQmBtEejHadcJGd/FJU3ikmajn8m+5EAyj0lxh6W/5Fk6AFnRxBdPS3I6ed/eBO6bYCInOdu3jzetdJnYmxa2b4kAP1rRfWWnASiUeDP/dixXWIq9HdEp/mYXuUSIJ9ATCrlVC4gFlNk1+XEhNrNq+cLWrVublSQuz97Rv7NlUD+LIpB6claXBHKKSJTQRR+qyIkikDqhyFL4zXzrFxRnBjR1Q1GUTqc3q29mlaGAtdEz3/ve94Yf/OAHjTGY1ddPuO8zGKhnymgUbn0Fg+HKZP37Pffc04wE+pp+6BurjAMxxJnV9e796WPSKrN3MgJgZJdffnlT1jE6yh83cjS7zwsi7lH7Alu+CcEt/0OjeO9FO37DuMHKiqfAby2DAUB9ho/CAs9zKB8LsvLjhcoa46ky7w/+a0nj/rx7lKYYRBiMGAriVcFgPJp2f95TaQuBQqAQKAQKgUJgOgj04zW5x9hOniGbRf5JGveExE+nhLP3FjKsTQgtMaAnm0wjNzvowDyMeftavmvy7lOf+lTzwiXj8tClD1xzzTXtWRPy2ftrmpS+RaUKBNleSBfvUMl9fAqHQMo94c+ZhYSRwNpnQHguAmIaDOPCSSed1MAACHfkTQs7q1OcCJBJn3fUeWUIwI1ykkPD1InTYVeWS6U6EAQWa7PpOxRnywkokQxivGxYA4X0LdeMagwAlvJs2bKlPePrA4wF+hWln4sStySfSdFvemWTEcIXR+x7wLuHYspDQVrvZWSIccJz+vP+tg3PxPCEZv8xMvnp6zwK0KAN8jSIAQN9+wrhLclTueTBoMiCysiB18gPg4SRawYQzJfhYC1DMEkZ9DvGAdZiNKSeg1+MCtKH9jw7j+fQgE4h/9HJcMV7AkbGCcYpmMCGW500G12ImMc6rzIXAoVAIVAIbAwEjOkZ31HsmrzmTNdwRA7O+F/j+u62AY98JQwmJs982eDDH/5wk5N5DJDfTfCR68nt5CTYmliiD9x5551teYJJN7JTsJ5W63tLKjUvVDhxic//3M9ZPGXA5meIoYR4hgBv+YGZIkIiJUI6XgJmH61XPv3009tnssw4AikNzvPyrbB/CGh8DvjBkvC9VL3tX86VejkEwgz7dqseHGa7WQP1CTPgFGnxQv9c0lO6KcKUYv1FPBd+Swd4Gehj7rvnqwKUaX2MUY7FkZEOs9GvKNOMEj5HR9FO+wg98u4V1sQvdk7/dE8+KXv+y0dQfof/ngld7eYKfzzjWUokWhgB8BDKJiOj2XhKuJl6adc6qHflFZyVK/RbahCDnfIzhAY7aT07amRYa3r29/3oGG1b2iQDj8HPgOcQjBNoFs/jZDS4Nwt1Olqu+l8IFAKFQCFQCBQCuxEwVkcWzNmdjOGRiSLvbGTcyIN0AWcyLGWfTkx+J9ObOCcjuSYnwjD40h1g6SArkifdE+Q3DflxyT0JFILAlgK7XkyAoxRsXnCjpgSZsXx5QWHJJxxiZTJTaiaJkYCS4xpICA/Bydv/XLtfjUxNLB80Fg2KQuUMwx7L5XOoFAeCQDBOm017lhcDgRlvii1l/cgjj2z1417Sp/OLE9QfI4HlAZsWvGx4AnBHuv7669vBGPDRj350eP/739/6hk8o3njjje1LA97NAGdjQtZKM/uCtpFyOWMu2shKGcxSfVBe6Eg+o//by5f5SR/PO+TBwMh7glcEI8Ell1zSGCnm6oApZZxVda1DTz+mr1zwiEHA4CAw1PTeUqF3rcu/2vejI/UuLxj4jM/dd9/dvlzDUKU9GgPUpfFC/TEiMBRkiZk8KhQChUAhUAgUAoXAbCCQsZ2ckzE6elvixPfplHy9yDerrQWyIJmV/EOuzbJcukEmzj/0oQ81mYhMTjcOfnAmI/EMDsb0g8jb08K47UmgAARuBSfUKkRmgFKgCPM9aGkYzgpvBpMRwDPiECf4737fqJKPOAfFJWlzb1og5H3zeoY1/FIfcCvsplObwTxv05YFBjKKkNlws/6UJfsOuN/3pfQv6V3neWfMhTHAXgI+GWdnVGuXeAzYLFB665QY5vS98847b/CpFJ819GzyUp5cO2NGwmjZW+TIT5/GtdDn1dOS+KRzXq4d9veTl7ZsKQFazTrbAZYB0kw0zyN8ymx1eMZIkaf6t8eH54Byo0M8ZVhZ4WJAYCRIfStk6J1qgSf0stCiPo0l9sbweVwGY7vyMljFo8W44GBQCH5pOxMqXmVbCBQChUAhUAgUAqtAwDjvEIzdmWzK+J3xfBWvWHePmvTjcb9pYdLPZ8PtNyaQ100cirdhYbCDJdnxkUceGX7yk580GZ9M/4EPfKDp154l//I6mEZongReROAmkJsF4s5L6WD9UBCCbS/MS59G4ToComtpQyxvAc/lv/ue81/o7/XCc4T/Pq49UD+LIpC6CK7+wzbxiz5UkWNBoG/DfTvXJyhBOrPZU0oihipN/0z6Tq+4p2DSCQx29vAwS23PD6741jkxvOmrlGhrmewNQpmOgcC7Uqb0u7QJ8SsJy6VXxgwafVrXKf++3uNZZen7umuzzviPQKGUjpItTnrGzJXSsK/3j+OeciifMsWNHv0MBP7jg7xJtAdB+pXiM47yTTIPdKtn9KCLsUtwre0znMBAvLFEm40RCF7qWfB8hUKgECgECoFCoBCYDQT6cTnX5DNH5B7n0SAu6UfvbbT/sDLJRzY3aWJfJvuN0bF54Jv8isIfeZjHgS8a2JOM3E/+tyxBWkH6yF6TxnPP1w0I4nYnv+OOO9rnCRF1xhlnDBcsfK9988JyghAxWiAFjYKTQmscGkmUBPFpVO71jSfXaVTO0grJb/Sd9f8NBGAEQ1gHb0J4DC1vpKyrSSGQ9p22TCFicDPbL46RIO7nKUPauzrr23nyyH3pPevrBpYemF23U6q+qo4pWayU9vrgxeN5R553rTz66Oh1yrLcOXklnf9C3pN2l/vihdHncr8/e7bPzz2GAAyVFwavCcqk8tvTAV9CO3wdax1Cq3JQiJWJ4UadUpL9ZyDI5ovSodcxipt78xZGadDW1V+MAYxZLy94urCYqz8bd9qUk6Wc+50laD2G80Z/lbcQKAQKgUKgEFivCPRynLHa2O4w9pv4IF9Ghu3H8v659YrNcnTBhUxEnqXXktFtZg4/cmImjuQTmZDcSB+nc9tbjMxkya2NDcWR++U1KnstV5YDvb/b73jhaUIboZwAft999zWhnHDHdZTLM+Gcu6hZMQ0hBcxZAfoG0hcoSv9S9/tn+zR93n1+df0GAjDSEDU4R3XMN7CZ1pX2HSbpnfoMt6KdO3c2BqqTU5z6tt1fL9bO+/uhQx4YBaMd5iINA4Kzo8/H/7SFGPHk018n3+XO8upD/7+/7tO43te9Pm3S5YxOnhEsqeK48BuIbOyyacE1y74MZqcxUyF09nlO+xr2jBkUX4YBZeJJoF3wBGE15k0ivq+naZdzEu9DUx8YRAyCAkOZMUUdMpYYRxgLgg/MjCuCuLQB//s+5X+FQqAQKAQKgUKgEJguAv3YTO6KrkEBdpBpjNfG74zhOU+3pLP1tsh6dAQTeSZLyDzwy/LZYAsv12QnyzPJjNLB1zJbBgL3o09Pi9K9Ni4kiLNSKLyCKQzXiHvvvbetqyagE/BiLKCg9IJcGgVCKkwPAQ2x76xpmJlBnl5JNu6btP3gTYHdtWtX6zt2MzXbry+FGQSl0f+J39fZe/p+F8a82DPpj4vdm6W48Avlda394jGMBXALrgyUFFBnhpievh7LPr9p0Ol96kE5Y7zxXvGOMPXRunKvp2EaZR33O0JTT4fBTBsVYGJvDmeDn3j1Z5xhUPF8Quo/eYWP5X6dC4FCoBAoBAqBQmB6CGQ89kbjtSOyDYOBsT2yTNL6L+R/+7MBf2BFjoksQwYi25pIyheg6NT0twSYMQpIC0fpHAwGmVCRJpjnuUmd9yw3iLBGobHMgBXDNx1tjHbXXXc1odwskBk+9+zCaGbP+mcEEv4cBMSN3jAmVVlL5auxqD8KiobkWgM7kFnjpd5R8YsjEOwpgvDGMC0HuO6661rH9j1UrkY6/Wr7RZhCzkoU5rN46WY/tqdFafMfXmbgteWsaXefAROO1mmFZ43iOvrfc5MOlF6eAxRfA6f/+qKAp2YgQF/CWpQz7x7XGT1pg6k7dWSzTkYeVnOf8YSNzXls3ulznp7hXcDYY+BLHusBk3FhW/kUAoVAIVAIFAKzgoDx2VidcZq+R/b13/gfGcD/pJmVsq9FOWBFToWFJQT06eeee655GZOJTJiQiSwrsGzYpGKCZ+0RSJ+wzJhHss0LyZPCtPDds9zACwm2lBwFtf7Z7osq/amnnhpeXlh6YC3FzTffPLz44outkAwE0jIe2FjhnHPOac8R7uUHnAh/7YH6mQgCsI6SGsNAFKiJvLAy3YNAOiq89RUK0f33399c4vULHbv/4ocH88yeTFZw4Rn5Cwfy/ApesaZJMrikENoxo6Oztf4YLP4Utyv/KZh9GM2jvzfJ69QNAwH3euU0eGYwTRsYtRZPskzTyjteErAP/gyUjMjGAQael156qY0dxgvLZYwjPNQYCdSt5xKSR+LWY1sPrXUuBAqBQqAQKARmHYF+PCaTGffFmZjsPQlmnY61KB850EaE3//+94drr722bUZIfjU5Ep1704KX/qc+9anB5xDpDfCFLaMCfcJhg/IzzzyzyVaRk6ZBT1tuQBCLMGYWTAE0hBgBnO3CKN6ujHEf5TIh+FY7YdBMkTUXCWUgCBKTO/eGGHirN0EDqzAdBKIoqQvMgNXPTDdliXs8xTYh/Sz/lzv3zGB/n10u71m4H5pCZ9qzeG1YvEOAs/aNsZqld+S50NL/769zfxJn73FQeFmHXQuhjbWYgcD/xLk/rfJ51zRCz+95E/AkEGe8MD6oO4YDh/1vsndD+k9fxh6nPr6uC4FCoBAoBAqBQmB6CBiPI9fkrRmjR+Nzv85vyHg2cLaXlo24yYj9sllfKxPHk8DkPD0atnRxMjCdgkcBHTyYTxPbttxAJUc4NwOmIIQ7gl5mhczqMRYgwmfYuIzapZpXASJsTsXqkRk/z/dC4zSJ2kjvSqOJRcrZUR13uq1A/6H0YAS+b6pezKbq8JREIXWV65XUUf+M57xHnMPzo/elmbeADm0WfjyW8Bq73lMe8R80xnU/tLvnCIaJz38YTBOb0MBQgBbMPXWVsvb1En7bx83zdY81LLR5bnGuLTlwZjlnLOB9BhPXjGmC+30eS8W1xPVTCBQChUAhUAgUAhNFoB+Xjc/kFp4DZByBfGYsz9gduSb/J1q4OcgcDmRC3pM7duxoxgDelJ/4xCea9z0DgeX8NjqnO/A6tYz/iCOOaJOLsPY8edIky1p4bbRp51SoClb5KZjrNBKzoZsXdlW3J8H555/fBHqGAcRZjiCtvQoYFspAML3Wm7qLIuJ/8E/dTa80G/NNcBZ8IcT6Ie7VDARbtmxpa9Hd07cEdbO/jLSvx97wlrpvGc/xD97BUoqPMEBankGRpFRm6dJvfvObZlnFKM1QU0KjiGv7axnUgzplyGAkVR6eAwZQAe+0s794dZn6X8syT+rdaasMPdzm/GdE9n1gdOsXLOL6Sb/cIM/1bTpxkypr5VsIFAKFQCFQCBQCK0eg1wsz2y2OfJPx29gt5P/Kc19fKck88TAlr9p/4POf//zwl3/5l+1rV6g9++yz2x5mP/rRj4Z77rmn6Qh0bBOMdHEyL1nSWQim05KP9vq6QQRwFc6jIAWKUBsFxT3CnsIyCth0ATGbFtZV9JtQtQzqZ6IIaCgOdeRQd+opM7ATfXllvpfCx0jAcIYZmAm38afP3gn6Sjp3zgfSyT2T/A7k+fbwjP3AyxKNJ554oimUMDP4GHS0ZXSajda28RnpnbPcYC3JSR0om5nxfOoPX3QPr2QkoDSrd3HoEsJX17L843h3MMhZnvgPwwj6eQvYg0C9GR9i4InRJP3Bcz0mGW/EVygECoFCoBAoBAqB6SEQmSVjtLNx2dlhfB81DuTe9Eo5u2+CFZnQkksyoWUGJknyOWxYbVrQm3no86IlA1uSQH6yzx8DQ493ZCLyZuTISVO/5+sGXEMVimCnADZIINAR/BQsAmCEOP8ZCjx30kkn7SXcJe2kC1/5v2FV0tjSWdWRo8LkEYC7QGn12UPKLmPbBRdc0A59REi6/rqPa4mW+OnTLXW9xKMzFx3e0J+tT7/99tuHW265pblbnXbaaY2hGoAo15YhWMpkU0BtXJx7GKh7ME5+wSf/Jw2A9+GXDm1AmcRh8uJc84YwOLh2KJsQhj/pMk4rf7QJcFAnmxc8z4whDAQ8QRhRYMHDQB/xX1ohz+bcIuunECgECoFCoBAoBNYEgeh7ebnxmQyWSUjjt/+RZXKOjFPj+e6JD/IOTBgLTJqQDeEm0Ll9tYCs5KtovAm+8Y1vNJmY5wHZl6zk+RyeHa2b1NG4z2/xUhXJtcFaCAq/OLM9WQecXbk1CBssIBLRBHWNgvuv/0LyG71uN+tn7Aik0eQc3DXCvi7G/uLKsCGg7+gP9ujYuXNn6zennHLKcO655zbXoo0OkzYoZLDIObhop5YZ3HHHHW0vB5u34EF4EeWSxdW6LXufOPu0Xlz54W5DGMw1PCr5jr4n8ZM4h2GzGPviAosx3pglE/kcYN49zbLlnZM8j9JjLGA8NsCpR199gI2BToANIUP9pX2EV+UsXX/tf4VCoBAoBAqBQqAQmA4CGdv7sdg1BTWTIEoiLmnyTM7TKelsvgVOZCBLaOFhbwKyLtnIp9GzDJUOTWcgM9K9b7jhhuHee+9tegUPTJ61dG33gmvOk6b8LV4UiwThjsCrQGZ+CHaEObM/zlx+fcnA+mH/pSegW25gdohwLCS/aRExaZBmOX8Y90esU+mws1z29VC2WAQpQpYb6PQU3cyWrgcaV0PDUjwg8Vmigd8IGKpD+8VfuOrjJ4yTvAbworRx/IkhwV4oo0YCeU2jDzCcKqd2EEXYLLpyawPKa8PX9FHlSphG+fKuSZ/RIqRe1REDj/FB/dmrgZdF0hg/pBWf8UIemYloCeunECgECoFCoBAoBNYEgYznoy83VjuiMy4m34w+sxH/k2cyYUQepDtbVnD33Xc3OGxiSEaMDLRpYenB1q1bWzo6BQMBuZJxwCGQNYN9i5jwT5v+90JBRSPigQceaBuImRUj6JkVIrgT0n2v0eZiGof07tmJ8dRTTx1OP/30PRaTED3h8lf2HQLqQ6N0rjAdBChDZkTNdFN4eRHYdMSeBNUH3qgDPGa0XVIQH3vsseHOO+9sLlWsrZgmniMwOrr2HC8CyxJsnErpxjAtP7ApHvwpo6Nh9H2j98fxHx8UGFbxy6y7P+GEEwYHvok/CmkPzso2jfK1F0/4px8/8ir9wtjAi0KATTwJ1B3LOQOPOuSCl3qWNm1lveCDpgqFQCFQCBQChcA8IZCxeKkyk3t4nEemkb4M/W+gBQ/yjk3Mr7766iYT0Z95CVD2TW6ZUHKWlmx7+eWXNzn4sssuG6699tr21QPyFJlJcC1Enmx/JvjTJFyVStC29uG//uu/hq9//ett1mfzwppSgvzrr7/eZkhZQsQhggDoHhdrGy34fAOh78orr2yWkQmWubJeBAENTKOLlcn/CtNBgIcN6yCF55xzzhm2bdvWlMPpvH2236IdLqUQUxpZVDFMaS666KJmRTXLLMRIIA88yNIC98zUY7z4jTh8KEFax7QGKu/CrCnB2Y9A+c4666zmYWUAOOigg1p5pBWmWb7gMslzr8xHWGA9ZyizjE3QR+DDiKJuDHgGO0Ye/SZud31ekyxz5V0IFAKFQCFQCBQCyyPQj8t0jH6cJ5NF3urTkXP6/8u/Zf2lCP2Uf/LtUUcdNTz33HNN37bkgE7de8HCjGxrsswEiwkmSxTgbRKNPAl/slPynjRqe/YkIOSarcvmawqjEIQ6M3iEdIWzoaFPNvSfZ2AkMJNqLTFhsHefmDQBGz3/viO61pj6uI2Oz6TpD+YsqvoKxZbCk4486ffPU/7aZgYT5aY0mkXmgcETIF4CGYDiks6lP8s5GATkgbHCG9+CtXpI6N+RuEmd8UgHa7ryKAcGblBgUOVpEKNHmPq0LcGTon2xfEOjewY7a+xgoE4ZhdSfa0YEWHGls9Rk04KbXbwykof7uV7sXRVXCBQChUAhUAgUAtNBwNjtMDY7XEf+Mlb7T/6qcXt3fcBDgAkZl0xINqQv+B/vgCxblTbXZCfGAsYB6cmN9IvIj9JOI7Q9CbzIjA7XXwI7ZZ8hwC7jjAO8BrZv394KKM5sKaIRo4HcdtttbfMxs6kMCu985zv3CIbTFNinAdisvSOdse+YrqfdkGYNl2mVB/6W4VB2KT46vo5cYTcCaZ+jeOAbeAWrqsA1H29hWQ3PoFwzuMiDkYARE3+iTPrCAQXTLHTvSdC/xzum0Q8MlowEGLmgHWD+o+0gA2voWwqbnoZZv0YTOnIOTf6jkzHZwWCg7hgKgo/xQxxvEAaW3qKO7uQ56xhU+QqBQqAQKAQKgfWGQD+eu3YY13MkLulyXm84HCg9kfXyvMl3h9DLN72cmskSz9InHKNhWrKt9+7Zk4CSw1DgU128Ba644ormGkF4O+6444ZvfetbzSDAhVThWUgQwyDAhcLu7oI8CO+8CUYBagnqZ6IIpOHprLme6As3eOZmw7V5HjQsf5RaQf8IA93IEGmDDrwg/MB/GxG+8MILzdBo48EzzjijbfjIMBBrNEOANf14El5DEadYivefkYEyjncJafNp9z3jnVQdKKv3Ydrer/wU4l7hDT3uJ0yTyeedkzj3NMkfFgkwMF4cffTRDR8GAkYB/SR9hZFH/7HcTV0GK3mkvSS/OhcChUAhUAgUAoXAdBGITGW8J1flMDHiWC/yzKRQDX7yzzUsIy+5Jvs4J34x+SdeBtOQbYPF/3ORgjkrGAFcYQRC7yGHHNIEeG4PEX5DSP+sZ3ohr2VQPxNFII1MvTnUhyA+9yZagA2SebDUvvtghpuyK54yy0ggbV8XffqNdh2eMko3hZ/CiL9Ym8VQkJl32CWwojIU2NiOcSDYurbUgBcHQ2bafc6eT50lr0mcldUAqQzagHeyFOOTaSs9Pe6Lx+SnUb5J0LxYnsHdOYd0+gRDgfpiGGJUU+e802DAcGC5wejYsZ6wWQyviisECoFCoBAoBGYdAWNxZJiMy/67JvuQZ5yFyAFJN+u0Tat8waXHKNe5B9Nc5zxaPrr5tMOeN1JuCG42Irzrrrua0MtCZBaIkeCDH/xgE+hswqUBIIKA52sHO3bsaLNBvm7AXbifTU3jmjZhG+V96kEnpaSkXnIu7FffCsLsRjH1n6J78803D9/73veaUqj9U2gT1MtGr4NYPmECjzA/LuaMK2aUfS+W95IN/4Rg7Vqcr0XgKZsW1q3jP/KMQYHiyVjQP+M5Ie/a/W8yvwZHii9jBX6pXBRiCrC6T7ly3mjtwcY75513XtvY1rIQXh8MKDbl4XHx1FNPNXc69ahuhWA1mRqrXAuBQqAQKAQKgUJgJQiMylH+G6PJYSZEyDuWEAol864E0flKs2fjQoYASs4TTzwx/OhHPxpeeumlJmQTzm0oduKJJ+5pABoC99CHH354+M53vtP2MiAcH3nkkW39qUZEeJ6mS8R8wT7+0lI+ophEOak6WD3OPYMMA4yyy0hmH48f//jHw/vf//62E6mZ04SNphCG7v7M8mlAgVn4gcHFXifczPENSw0YCmIl7ZVEHgSXXHJJ+2IEpVIaexN4Tt1QzimYjGRmqIUMYn3d9WUa5zWaMkAyEqCN0cLsOKOrMo+G0DeN8o2+e9r/86UHNKs3BgIHbAgYlhtYqubLOpatCcEl/W3aZa73FQKFQCFQCBQCGx2ByCrOgrHZYWx20APJPAkZu3NOfJ3nF4G2caHKJmCb3Tn00EObok8IF0/R7BtIFE/pI6DbrZG7MCNB9iLIM/MLzfyUnDKqU1KUKCquKS5RyuaHktktKUz1B8G1I+1fn7CeOl407lXYjQDMYsAKfu7Yw8HMMs+LbGznfrDN4CRtDAKutXFB25ZG3tp8ng3f6Z9vD0zoR90bJL2fRT1GDN/CxU/RF+OHIqR8uV7vbQV9DD0MzbxGGA3UGUzUoWufssySgxh6JlRdlW0hUAgUAoVAIVAI7CcCkVXIMI6M484Jkbsi5+SZ3K/z/CHwFsKtSjarY+3olVde2dYIW2tNuDMTpqKTLoonwZhQ7EsI3IHtTn7qqae29NIK1UCm2yDg7qC4pA6mW4L197aeIfbM0OacFMH0E0qQTTwptMUg32gHMMvAEfxgZz8CbvrZbyC8Iufg3v93TYnk3RTDAQOBmXsW7X7WXtq8943SjP8KP+RRwujBi0S5Hn/88eGWW25p/NOXYBiQQnvoUZJplG/8FO9fjuiFiy9XqCv15zB22G/C2RIEX7ngacCjLWNMMNu/N1bqQqAQKAQKgUKgEFgtAr28kryiXxif6Rl0QQfDf8bsxZ7L83WeLwT2fAJRZatYys6mhbW/hF5CHcFbxWsEaQDSircEwWaGhEDeBIQ/gm/SzRcU81vaKFQ6qTpQV5QmAnh11tXVK/x6g0v6idlPRgKBgez444/fsx9B+sBGUAJXgm7fBu1FYJnSq6++2jwvKNBx1+/T5dqAFKUR9ngL3sOoqb3z5qBkMjhkqcc0cfcuRgIHOpTNrPjLC5+DVS73lwqhcan76yFe/aFTXTniCcLQw6iGX8HJ/hT5fG7Gj42Az3qo46KhECgECoFCYP0jQJ6JPOyabGaczpgdBIz74moMDyLze95jJFCZqVCVyzW0D30jiODLMGA2iHDs2cTnuV7AT1ydJ4MArOGvntI5U5+TeePGyTU4Ouc6s+EYps3ZLLdJSJr838hnbRIeOTNgUaAp0tamW55EeYzxBVY9fjEQ5Hn3Pce4IC+BMdMmkkLe5bp/xv9JBe+J8qtsFF/9UfA/vLOn0b2eTv/XY0j9RbBQ14IznCJk8CzJBpQ1bqzHllA0FQKFQCFQCMwjAr2sYszOOO7aOB4ZJzJXxv15pLXKvDcCbTGJik2IMOe/hpHG0TeCNAD3MgsYAVic/BxJl7zrPH4E0inTUSN8e1Nfl+N/88bJMX0AxfCmxNgszwxoNvxkKNBH0g+k7Z/zfyOHtEWYPfTQQ8Pzzz/fZt3hR+GHVQ44JX3OuZf2bimUze8o57wIKJhR1IOztJMOyuW9DryQ4VTZLDvwv+ebrkPHpMs1K/nHWKIuQr84fMpSE8Zo/1955ZW2mSVjj3EDTtOov1nBqcpRCBQChUAhUAjMEgKLjcF0DYcxmuzVy13iBM8t9uws0VZlWRkCez6BaFZOhRPQuKpznzULJp6g7toSBMJvZvA0CAJePAm4ADsiDHouQvLKilOp9heBCNNmU20EFyGb23OF8SAQxqc9u3bmNs/V3eZ0lhvYkC3tPcwxz42nFPOdC74Cn5cXvAi2b9/eBhZKouVKvVKY9oxvwDH8w0BkJ/zwJXzHcpp4PMlbmgxe0Mqzk0TOe/FFe1PgiwwE+Cc+GC8CdISutImcJ1m2Wchb3QqpC/WWtsA4tGlhaRuDkf0IXnzxxT0eGJ7ZKBihtUIhUAgUAoVAITDLCBiTyTl0DXINGYzMlRBZp8buIDL/52YkULEqncsnxcfhfwR1jUJDIOCZASKMe6YPBOLNmze3zQ9jNIhg2Ker6/EiEMVU/TiiLCV+vG/beLmF6aEc43OIY5ShsB522GFNUdXWwxhz3nhovZliWEQxxDd4YOTThxRqy5X2xSfSjhm/7AFhLwPeB/5TMj3rWn3EBS68aRr1oHz4Y2iMYUB8wjTKkXfN2rmvCxipJ+MDQ4H6sy+B/zxM7EmgT2kXQt/3Zo2uKk8hUAgUAoVAIbCeEYjssthYLI5MZ1xP6NOLy//cr/P8IdCMBBG0uXzefvvtwwMPPNCEObNhPAciCEunQWgcEcgjIPv826WXXto2D+MGXGE6CETBUkc6ZGZl/Xfk/nRKs/7eEiaXWWrtnxcBZVfgXm5GPDOm4vQPIc+2Pxv4J/xl165dw5NPPtlm3n32kFExmw2OwpNBCYYwh/cdd9wx3HvvvcOWLVva51bhju9o55RMdUThFKaFPT6YmfHwQuVJGfpy9NehryVcxz+pP8q/Lxjs3LmzjSlbt25t/cbmt3fddVfzImA84pURnHJex/AUaYVAIVAIFAKFwMwiEHm2LyCZzkH2iY4hncP/Grt7tOb7+i0RVlWqmWjC+IMPPtiEbrNi3IEJ42kQZu0Ixo4ootxrpbUumKCcRlNK6uQbR+pPZ3X4rw4K+/FgT0GFq74hcHnfsWNHm9FmREtfSD3AvRjk3tjDgwLPJR+elmdQ9H1yFd8YDdLDMwH+jJXO+NNrr73WjDO8EPAmXk8MN1kOFf6T5yd5Tr2jL+vzvB9daTOTfP+s560/qDdnn4b88pe/3PjT3/3d3w0XXXRRMxTxJnjppZfa+AFDIbjOOn1VvkKgECgECoFCYL0i0MuzxmUyXMZn18Z2oU+XuGnKYusV/7Wma8/XDVSmWT2Cu1k+M3NcQwnixx13XPs2OUE4a4IpRxoFAwGllLDOg0A+GohzNZDpVK8O6xD6jjqdt6/vt1BwBMxQe9YvrJ22NMdn3LhGS+O+PlFtfu/2kMHE2jW85KCDDhpOPfXUZiiIx1HSeDLXo+0YT+GeDnP8Bi9ybU8C1wwEeTbnvUsyuX/KEz6o/hkHnLWJPky7XP271+oaDuiGhXpizMnSAnXME8d+HtIYWxiaBfc2Il5rVU/13kKgECgECoFCYDEEMhaTw4zl/x97d/Zj61GdDXwr+m4zKCEEC2POsfGMZ2PAE56xjQcMBkIIAUcRipQouc1fkMvkIjfkIo4UB1CCA8YDeB7wjO3j2cbzhBnMoCSKIuXu618dnnPKr3d37+7efbr33qukd9f71rjqqXGtWlU7c7pvT/yzbqt18DgUZ9Pt/1ngYm78FRkhAXVdjI9jB87/nnPOOaOLL764nb1WxFxumOJqHB7xMAHZGeSm8YTJSviyp4tAFtM6Lrx9B3Pf1Vk3jre2DFM71k8++eTo+uuvbwzNeeed1wRoGGBhhoZbBs2h36J8K7+2CT//AGGcifARg9hjlLYcbHo/7VhcwkjhIiRwcSSmU9304aUx/E6607SVDWPrHhdjqbZA68HFoaVJsPtfKtQdgQ6NAfND/j5UPdBUI5hWp4QEv/jFL1pdwrBMIVAIFAKFQCFQCGwtAllLmcuta7IREo1J8zcTniPht5bqyn0aCCzJB3b/wYFK1QCykMf0P/DAA01wYMFGgMCfrUGkUQyJsGjmJ2yY1WGY+p4eAumM6hHu8MeEpT6nl9PipgRLDOCPf/zj0WOPPTbatWtX+1eDnUtn6ncs3c7OCJMn7X65PtIiLNCPsQA2xhR3CAQfbkMDM+5D7GgRYChdWvjzn/+8tXFMp/buGINjCAQFvRmm0ftN612/Q4NjWB6TpvIq61BIsC/omVa5ppUOLBh40CIh6IGD+qL9Qejz/ve/vwlX4KhuCVyEF24RMZsW9pVOIVAIFAKFQCEwLQTMx9Y85mfrOJvG1j3mbt+Z72venhbiW59OW8FlUa6iSYKoAdvdsSC30LWY80RKlAaQRX5sxekbivBlNheB1AWsg3c6al8vm0vF/KYOQ3gSEjgL7+y0nVCCM/0E85p+IVwY4PlFZG0lg5826oFNj0/arhRhOGyv8TcueaepRPvAJEW93249oaU0CcaESxrpC2ujdu2hk498aTd4tIOhhL1POTTG7v3m7b0vI20CdaYuCXRg553mGj9aGOrRooN7xrF5w6TKUwgUAoVAIVAIbHcEMn9nLjZnh0/kZy1m/WW+9p3w271cRd/kCDQ1glSwhuCdceu0nTqNwkI86iX80hASNja/3qRh9W6z9q6sy5VvWJYhLvHnnnSklff4b8Tu09JZSfjgngX4RtKuuLvPRsMS4/L444+PHn744QaLXVG74vAus1e1P+1xaAcj7jH6QvpWP1bELeG0a/Gy6/zSSy81CTbG0uWRDIl20kveib+ZdvJEI8YXPe5JyOTZlyt0DMsX93m2lZlgjeCZcE19Ebq5j8A8c+SRRzZBtKMbHn1uHHbzjFGVrRAoBAqBQqAQ2C4ImLezZvMe3sL8TVjgm3ue0D3pGmzcPC+uR9p9OuFp5DWp6dOXFrOW+JPmM8/hdp81+DVwqRwg2rHL/1WnslJhATnf8wxQyqqMaWTe495jEDf+DD9POtJu17HJKYQAAEAASURBVN1x+3hxX48tT2lFuicvAh1MSpnpIABTf93mng4MKqbmpJNOaurT08lhdlNZbeCGXT9Qp49os5OYxNWe7ULboceI0+zAmHu0fTv47Gn1q0loE8bON+EAxpYgCV1Mds3bx4L/qBMPTYFoqGkXLv9Uv44guCz3Jz/5ScPQ3QTqssawBW84VfxCoBAoBAqBLUNguJ7yHePdPG5Nl3Vd/Ca1xY9JXuPSWskv8cfZffrDdLO2HBev3PYi8Bt9paey4wbggDwEWBLj3PYmPR9vsAgewacvt/eEiZ2S8wt+GqQnJvHyvVFb3slD2p4yG0cAphgW/+Hu8U2D4KCDDmrq7xvPYbZT0L7T1tJP+n4Qt5QyTHTixH05W7i0bUxjzvxjzr3bnVY/GHTh+nSHeS+Xx0bc07/Ro2zJE0Mcv42kP+tx1UceAh1aBLl8knAFXjQvuAsXYQtBZz9ezjoORX8hUAgUAoVAITDrCFjXZG3TvytX1j8bLWPWcbGl17+vJX00WUsMaUsZ1pLWIoZtf4EY8PpKiBtQ4s7Ows173OcZuHFlhE3w0dDGhQkmwvFPg8x3j2vCrsdOehbgDIYpzEr81pNuxdmNgHrT5gkIXnvttXYHwcc//vHRmWeeWUKCJYi0MU/ad/oCG27ub7BD7N0/EdBQirH7jxlcyfTpOeJhJ5pwQH046pHjBpj0jE0rpTdtP/Qrvz6XS3x8E2gEk2nnOUvpwUIdetzfcdhhh41+9KMftb7EdoEhAYG/2X3zzTfbxYVvvfVWG8dWaxuzhEPRWggUAoVAIVAIzBICWX+hOXM5XsPahp91lwffkbCxJyln0hR2GI/fOPfmOOFPn8Yw/QmTWPhgTZMAeAEwlRa3uFuA89M40kAWBT3l7h+YBIfgwr83CR/8xvn1bht9Tz7oCbMUt42mvcjxXZD31FNPjX74wx82ptQxgzPOOKPdyK4NLLrRxtLOYmt/mGZ/Z3fvvfeOvvrVr47+4R/+od3pAK+0z0mZQOH1J3hjNKXtIlWMuB17+ZqoCB369ENPc9ykH/naEaci718W3MyPTsILRw4W3aiDjIWEOzuW/g3kAx/4QHMjFNBG3Hlz/PHHtyMHwdGio0whUAgUAoVAIVAIbB0Cmb+znrL+ilDARo0ngoO1romTZl+6rPeyduCXcGiJGb6HzvjHFjdpJe34lb06Au/gcvrKyEIN+AE6SQI7/nGbR7sv+xAD5dUpevc03KEbvJi4s6dh+nSSdmiaRvqLnobB76c//Wnb8bQLvnPpbw9dtsYsQvtfrf77QTdtP+3PX0Y+//zzo0ceeWT09NNPj/7rv/6rtf/V0uz9pZ92zd3xAnXCjV/82akP+YeWPq3NeA8t0iYwoDmBNnROKgTZDLq2U5qpP3XiHypoDqgjwpXUnyMHhAjc8g8R+6oOtxNWRUshUAgUAoVAIbAdEMgcbA5nzNeEBGzGMc9oEgib8M1zwp9hnKwXRLdOiEn6CR+a+PfvCT+0hcnadOhX38sj8BsBF/CpeMG5WwDnfRgO2PFvgRbgZ4iRIqfhpvjBKd9szIuFr861mWZc3puZ3yKkbXeYFoEdzo9+9KOj888/f7RjaTeUWbT23wo9+DEOZCDv+wKBwIMPPjj613/916ZBEKxMKAnfjzeDZPd8CqtdS1sfEsc3DQLGJNX7C8f0tDSHTfqJVF25GGfqldVlfJjeRTd9PahL9xG4pJAWSLBSfzREIiSIoGDRsavyFwKFQCFQCBQCW4WAudnTG+ubrOHYWaMNw/VxlnvPei3+vpOOtZVv6z48FPfklfC9zd+TNUfWivlOWN/82GVWR+D/BUhBVUAADeDDJOIunPdFMBooZsSilvp5DAwsdu0YunndQ/UmuPB3vtbZWzd5Uz/escRgOlstjHTDPCXN9dp9vUhXvZbZOAKYP2rRzpv7W9CTTz65qUcvUvtfCUXtLOMGm+FGjZyQYNeuXU3zwh0O8NM/Eibhm8MKP+kn6Wf6jAczqc95V0++2ZjN9IcVkp2Kl7J6jA8mNZoE3ktAsBte9aCvpL/kiIi6jICFnyMHtAm0iX5RMJVKqkQKgUKgECgECoFCYN0ImKfNz9Zw5nHGt8c8v16TuNKPsTawMffss8+2tP3THr4JDyW/rCcSfmjz91iLWZNZv1unyYudtWS0gofx63svAv8P4L0BYiqtdx++TxJmGGcWv5XTotXlax47yxpwyo9Bwai48d4OGTw1wAgWXnjhhdGTTz7ZhAR2y/izNXZxNdhho08HiD3EjTuDhrxLx3vq03eZyRDocc57bxtotAH1hpFhUv+T5TC/oYZtV98wgTibb5BnDO6HHnronr9U5bYW/OSRfqLPYMDVj7zUi/7nXZ4REqT+5LURs1o6Jkx56u/pj9oL9/TFjeQvLhqY5TDj70l+q9HcEttHP6m3lEG23iPIhF3oVreMcooX4VBzrJ9CoBAoBAqBQqAQ2OcI9GsK87X1DbesjeO/3BplOYLFY8TLvO/bhs/LL788evTRR9tR3/e///3tLiMXHLvvyfrAeqGP39Pg3dri5z//eTvymmOg0s66wkXa1pKOQGbdyp9JWru/Fvt3tzhosTFYsfSYEDep33jjjaObbrqpqZ7rGFnY0izAOJ599tmjP//zPx8dddRRrYG9/vrrbRf1G9/4xujuu+9uwoX999+/nc++9NJLR+eee26Ll04VGzF5j63BepJn7573+Amn82TBvWLhynPPYJBBIXjGpj1CdR6+djtzm36Yn4Jwd3vNwEtAAC/t/4033mjCsFNOOaUd1aCCH9zgG8xXwjDpCu9df0zbJoSIVJubfGkwOIrgO3mtlP5qfmkHy4Uz+ZiMGOUhLDz88MNH++233x6B0nJx1+suHya0sT3Km/dJsF1v/muJ149L4oUu9WYh4ALK1LG2w92EbYzV38oUAoVAIVAIFAKFwL5HIPN11hq+8Ty9RrW1Vub5zOV9+LyPoz7xko/19jPPPDO6884720MT1T8gYeRPPPHE0RVXXDE666yz2j9lSS9pJ36fhzXo9ddfP7r66qtH7sdibOBaQ1or0Qr+yle+0tamOb6adKQ7jfVjT8+svpeQYJWa06gcF7j99ttH9913X1Nbya3lFrmYRgvaqLNoZBrkLbfcMvrmN7/ZpFg6lEaucUpHR8JMuNHbLug4k8bKT4NNZxgXlpvwnjLrQyDYZXBgG7AMNPxIHQmDvPMzuNUgslcqa6KADUwI1WjcaNtusj/66KPbWfRhzQgr3kqm9/eefw0Ql0BAPehP6oTQgKAggoRMQCulvxE/5SUkkL/L+EilTz311NFpp53WjlikrWwkD3GVbZyRPsNWVranx2xcvH3p1vcR5fC41JH6oPrK3x4SIBEQeLjbAeBm/C1TCBQChUAhUAgUAluPQDQ4Q0nWIb7Hrbn4L7eGyfqAPx7qiSeeaHwT/umll15q8z8G3lqcwIBWKl7KOostbXn26VuP4cmEJyRw7FU463drNPlYZ9jcySYF2lOO0DuuLMItmikhwSo1rsFYtHpcuqWR2iXUKHUWjY0a+rHHHtsaoUbnHM0dd9zRbnTXwJ3H1kAxFG57twB2DGHH0v0EzsT0C+E00OXISkPu/XU07uksvj1lVkcgg0s/IOSdsIeAiJDHPxsYYIRPHSXc6rnMb4ghQwofav/u4MAI6jM0aIIVO/gN445DSdiogknbk3qQj91n/cfEYPAnuEv7T/hx6a7FDQ2M9JjQL08TjfZBeEEl7pxzzmlHK0xgKXOLNMWf0JEk09fhibbQFzvhtsIOBrHRoM4IWtWrfw6xANBOuCsDIY9xlM1tWN6tKEflWQgUAoVAIVAILBICmXutMczhvs3R5mXfWYvFHzbWHflO/OUwk4bwjHXUK6+80rStHe3OMVU8kk0nm0827fBQtArwVMP0pSVNQoJXX321bUJws3739+XWGdYb6Kb1bW2qPKE3dFrbMfwW3ZSQYJUWoBFqMBrecccdN/rCF77Q1Ik1aH6YATtjhAE6zg9+8IPRlVdeObrmmmsaA/HFL35x9Fd/9Vejgw46qDXuf/7nfx499NBDo1tvvbUxUaeffvrEarXpTMOOgTYPIwx/33lfpYgL793jpK7DqDz11FOju+66qwmIqJDnqEHw7+MtMog9Dt4N5s6T2V33jxDOkRmUGf5rMbCOEM1ALj7hg35HEIFJF8akIM+dS39RafBPf1hLXpOE7cuKibUTTlihrNTgLrroojYWoKkPO0na6w2jrHDIxB2M007Xm+404/U0aQsRjtot8PeY7nMxgZvMTeLcae8QvJQpBAqBQqAQKAQKgX2PQOZuOXu3zrA5an3hsf7o1xrj3Faj2vrlxRdfbBrY+KMdSxuon//850ef/exn2zqA1qjj3v4ti0a3owLWB73pGX1CBv9KRqhgE9e6THqHHXZYo98GhfjW+llfKpv1v/KVcGAvsm+/tXCve739GgHMh0WrRwMiEKDSjCHBpHDXYSx8NTKMpTsICBGoWmOSXNpG6kVQcMIJJ7QFMrWa2267rTEYq4EtXU86pfBxS1y0oVVnS8PvO27Clf1OBGDZG9/qz4WT999/f/M68MAD96g3JewwXtwXye4x0N4M1IQENDBIgu2sG/AZbZRJu8x3c1zhJ3mIp5/lJnx9D4POHcNuV1qf1A/QMS0TeofpycdYQEPIpIM2E0zyXi7eMJ1Jv4NDwvumPfHqksSccJJa3WuvvdbabsJstQ0LdMIieBhDCQOMU4QBLidSb44XcIcpTSu7B+IOy73VZar8C4FCoBAoBAqBRUEgmy792sa8TOPP2idze/AYfsd9nC2sdNxhRXuXlqHNU0w93skGDNsmrY06dxR4Qkvs0IguGgnW79Zo4ltXcCc8sDa19hSegIC7b3RYv5V5OwKFyNvxeMdXzsdasGpIVF1oDWhsFrt2vyxqCQS4eyf1YvhRZwnjwN+OmUZLmICpweSMM+lkGjCTb+/DTuFbRxW2JGAQmtzArMc2+GWXGCPKGLjUn7CwVqcZlCbPbf5CwgOG2iA8tH99Bn4G4GhfKHmwFVa8fK+GSuoo9QR76XLXJwnpuKkreSf91dLdiL+8CeQICExE8lee0LORtCeJm7I7unTn0iU/JkV3QBx88MFNEPm+972v0RTMJklzM8IM+wi64ZTjGCb7/MUoDI2p8DQ2EoCUKQQKgUKgECgECoGtQaBfQ3g3h1sDZ83nOyb+3Mz91kPsPo2EZQvHz5yPx7JupClql9+mQdZUwtAIsD4QJscRbcxkjZG0pGstaG3GCGt99Nxzz7X4/KyPHE2lqSjdnj40+066LZEF/ikhwSqVr0Fh+gkF3DWgQdkhtbi1+6XBYvw/8YlPjD784Q+3hW06DZVaDV5D1qGYqOmIK93hQrhvrH2j964jESpk51IH0pDteutg3DVwj05cZnUEgnePNezUux1xTJi6s3ttgGLgzvRxmsOC/gRD7dNgrC0SqGDk+cU/k4o2C7tJjHAJLx19yQB/yCGHtL7DzWSinkih5a/u9L3NqJ+kydZO9GP5xV2Z0JSyTlLGlcL06fbhpO8hIPi7v/u7JnQ0ttBW+tKXvjT69Kc/3QSXfZyteEd/b2BDQGDM9FAhNK7C0WWuJP5vvfVWe1xORBNLnDKFQCFQCBQChUAhsO8RyDokjDMew/rDrjzm28antRnDLxs51mFM1szesyYwr2dut5bKxlL+RcwmE395sn175GszCC8k/dAkjLwZGzg5Em5taI1hnSYMWxrWkH/2Z3/WLpqWBjd28st3S3CBfxZeSJDGrw30jdd3GpxzLP56gznyyCOb9AlDRE2Wmq8GSFqlI2CQko4jBn3j0+gYHYJwQKdIx1qOjri/uqRS7IiCv2J0JkcajN1DYXQaHRMDpSPEvwWqn2URCL4JoI7gh2lRl95phMAVE8YkDr9FNxlIYeJMmaM2bIO3IxqEasFLX8g77PK+EoY9xsLrYxhh6bonQrtXV861U7XXr/RbTz8xrZTHSn7DdEIP22QTIYHycjMOECb1ZV0p/dX8pKncMf077E2UxgbGxEiTg7AwAkMYpI5aoF//jHPr/af1HvrRDZPgmfZBEEBYYBzjz4YhTQKCWONYxkg0he7Y06Kz0ikECoFCoBAoBAqBvQiYtzN3xzVzr/WP9cbf/u3fto1TTLn5Pcy9f7W67LLL2t+92zTKmkg61gVJh40XsnYT1zrbnG/tIm9hGWuauOF1uCfNhMmaz9rThfE2jrw7qmDNwd9Gkn89INz4/ve/3zZyrSWlyfS0NYcF/1l4IUEaVxqHRhmjAdoNpZKi8VI5d6yApIuQQKPTUTDvBAWYFJ0kxrv02dIKk6mhapAW9VReLITTuMUVJ53Tt/jC2GFzhteFHOKK0+eHcfKk8/UdTDpl3olA6h9m8FRPGbQMXDA0wGH8UkfCMIXv3rYKE4O8gZf6uNtn9ZPg+07kJ3MJxn066sM/jNDSkaf+wF99mbTSNxJ3spzGh0pdj/cdtTz1Qf2YxNqjD2ovPc3LxZ/EfVw66NIejUlU8whLGBJ9Y4Xzfd5hJAyTccG7+NPAR1qrGfSnDGz55mgEvEKjhYG6RSc8ja3GWe6htU9ntXzLvxAoBAqBQqAQKATWh0A/dycF6w78izWOOZo2gYfhF54Ez3TGGWe0MOb1mOEcbm4354snvvleGOu4hBWGn3ULN2s9cXojDMPd2tO/GVgX4d9cnm2zj2E7Nm6T1zrJ5YYECRESCLPauk+YRTELLyRQ0VmAetcA8+2dKvPxxx/fHt8Y/fg7duCCrW9+85tNYvXq0o4evzD9dsQSVgfwaNz8dSACCOlJ19Mb34mrc1DDJaDQ6TAFOqf4FtHSI8Wz88ZN2ulMfZr1vjwCMGZgjvGkRcBmMDTqKYNS6mtYZy3wgv0EA7iR2j7yyCNtd9vxG4z8Rtth0gerPNSBNNWJx2Rg15kfxtKAj/FM+D5+c1zjz3LxuevP+p7dfIIR+RLknX/++U1N3mQ3baOc8vZos8Ymxwtob4ShNiY9/vjjTVjBz2RJYLBcWaZNY59e6FVv8s/ka1x1lMCYxo82AX8TuMna2AlP45rjCUzS8r4VZZFvmUKgECgECoFCYNEQ6Odfaw9rYoICu/AHHHBA4z3M7+ZuDD7GO3e1jZuvuUlTWtZK+BZrAWsqj3VA8hTWd8J6l5fwDP/kIYx88UzC2SSxVozh5iJEm0vWTTa2rKNs7jDJM3biLapdQoJf13zfINLYNEAMAGZRh9CIwtSLxh9TrrHqLBojxkEYnQTT5BGOWwQEFvMka1TYMTkadYywWUijI3RlUX3MMcc0Zkj62XXTKTEpdy6dT9bg03n6tJJ+2SsjADPSR0IC9YVBIQzKRWupj5VTWSxfbR5z7DZZ2jSO2Zg0CAnSlyACu40YaaVv9OnIL7vl7vnQF8Iw9+HW8x6aY/fl0VaUWx+nCpd8XR6IAZ5WW0ne6O/zh4VzdX/6p3/axgRqdN/5zndGN998cxOcmAyNE+g8++yz3zEJ9mmtB5tJ4shjHA5oMmZqJ95Di3o0VjLqMIK6Pq/gkTi9X70XAoVAIVAIFAKFwHQR6OdbTLx52JGCr3zlK+3fCDDi1oKMOR2/ZN0cTcDM2/G3fsn6AA8kvDWL9bcNT3wN/ijrA/H5yYNAwVpB/J4uYazb8W3WgtYSvRZDaAi/Zo2hLL0RZphu779o7wsvJEijUfFpHHnX2DABFt8a8c6l/2CnupIdQo3XTpdGpsFreDqKjiEeRlNj5a+xWvBq5BogbQCNXMfo8+2ZIO7xY8vXI568dShpoUE8HYrRibj3aTWP+lkWAfgy6lm909RQn+oydTSMnLoZui/SNwy0M2fzXfQIP22bFFeb1w5703/3732Y4XuPcx9HH+Cnz4Wx5GZy0deiUTNMby3ffX55Dz3ySV4mG3Qov36ZvrmWvJYLm3zjL3+GbQI0Jhhj0MLNGMPAIsc/MnkLJz11Nky3RZryD3o88mPH9Hn345Ty6HeMcY3whRE+8ZNe86ifQqAQKAQKgUKgEJg6Aubafq6WATfrCMa6y2aQDU/rrczN1tDewysJ26fDL8Y6xRoAX8OdBqGHZmjSE1aeNj2kI91+jSUcd4+1jg2bBx54YA9PlDvFxLFGs17z+La+l794/Ho6Q+Mi2wsvJOgbhIaWxsbWaOyM3nrrrc3ORRwuL7R49TeG999/f2tsOgr1Gjtj1FhcjOHcyz333NOkbdRfLNjvuuuudn7HRRpnLB0dwIQy8mPQk/d8s7llMa0h65AxFtY6GFt8na7M2hDo2wHhjof2BoaXKrTBhEm4vo7WltP8hTagO9/lH0B27NgxchmdywUxzb0Jdr3bWt5h3vcD6ekTtHk8jIGfsIIkOn1rLXksF7anHQ36GGZcXsYC327nNzYYC6Zl5DXMW9rc4m488GivO5cEmcagaBQ5ZsAvQoK042nRt1o6PZ3esyAI7SZ+NMWdoFN/U58EdfqhxUIEByn7avmWfyFQCBQChUAhUAhMH4Gsw8zT1lnZEDKPm9t9C2PdYY2W+T6UWJNkbeMd/2L9ZJ7H4N9+++1N8PD5z3++pW+dddtttzXhwVFHHdXWOOGBrMM8+B/0eH/sscdGV155ZVsPnnbaaaOLLrqo3ZNlTfrwww+3y99tbOHB8GI2tdDBoBVtyhK30L2I9sILCfpK7xuyd43Qopuk6ZlnnmnnV7jTDnBB2h133DG6c0nFX4fw94fO/lL/jboLv1tuuaVJs5zbcf6FdEunOfnkk9tfb2jUyVfDjInbuO8IC9LJEobNLQxB717v4xEYYqjunHHH+GK6CH4MXhks+vDDOhqfw3y7wgBeBmXYXHLJJaMLLrhgjxp52uo0UBjirZ1z86grEwDhAOGcCUDdbdQok6cvR97lj4E1mTDGCW3FRXxDWtdLh7xjUlZtlDAk+Rp/lJ20/HOf+1yb8AgvhfvYxz7WxiYTeV8W79OiMfSNswkB9J3kFeyERX+EFvEnJDDmEm6gXz3SkLB4SJjY4/Irt0KgECgECoFCoBCYHgJZL8Q2d5uHzc1Zhw1z4591Mz9xmX7+Tnr4IMy/Y5o2Vmlvf/WrX23rcBtOLmznLl/3CdhISFz3ULmHiZs0rCEcQbX28K9XeDfpXXrppU0YYaP2wQcfbOHld+yxxzZeL+spa5Qh7Y3wBf0pIcFSxaex9W1AIyEksOC3M2dH2RECmgX+zQBz8OrSRYU6gUWtiy8cRbAYJxAgnXr55ZdbkhqxBa8zMtK006jhY2z6DtPn7z10abxZXHOLSVxuOXssnIW3J/ETvux3IhAMg7HvqJCTTLqPwADG9Hj27+9MdbFctD1CFZhgzHcsaROEMeTGBOf1INNjnXT0JzvNbEI70mOTlUf9oamPt558Q3fy7NPzLg95McpLBQ6zztYP+/At0Dp+hv0+jDOtDYJK/tpodt+9G3vgYAwwARqXhsx4yrQOktYUJfn2WKSvpWxJkDu6TPBRAVSvBCJDk7D7qhzD/Ou7ECgECoFCoBBYJAQy35p/zenhMzK/Z07Pd7DJnO/b2iTrQ98Ji9eicY1/wl9ZW2H+pcm23qPNnSPfaLEesg6ifWDdZa1AK8EFyHgs/7ognsc/0MmXdiJBgnWqdZN1fk8fmobf3BbVlJBgqebT8Mc1An9z6P82NVQ3t2tg1F40dAzBeeedNzrrrLNGH/rQh/acfyHp+ou/+IvRCSecMNq1a1eTghEoWPi6QIxAwUI+C+jkGzqGdjqecPFLnLhp/IwOx6CvzOQIBFeDjgGKQIcwx6BkdzgDWVJUJ0O3+M2TnQG9L2sGUG76g+M10bygSUNQBs8+zjQxkS66XJQob3Xl6I9JgvSY+j+BnjDDPrZWOvoypI1IQx4uLKS5wF1eJhuTE+Ef04dvDuv8CQ1wly9J+Le//e02ttAiMAZdfvnlTWOAEJI0nbBGGzXmiNebpNe7bfZ7j0U/nsHN3xARvupv6ougg3CDgICWSoQEPd3S69PcbPor/UKgECgECoFCYBER6Ode6wm8T+Zg83k/F/dhg1U/54dXiV8f9/TTT28bsjSuremsL60NrGvOPffc0TnnnDM65ZRT2hpTfHGt191fZO3Otv7EX/31X/91i0MLwXqQwMDGjk0IxxjwbHg0a5DQhHamp7c5LPBPCQlWqXyNkESKsECjohVg59LinDTKYpw0SqfRwNLgdixJqSx6/RuBxmlxb0f6sMMOa4wEhmJcZ1qFnLHeadg80+GmlfbYDOfIMTgFN0UjdVRfhD0e9cwI24fv47QAc/jTD54pL9tEQYJ74403ju699942yJIAY5LFCU7TgCT5Js18swknTCbOrGHOMe36KKEcSbQJYSNGHvJV3mChj0ubKjyhBH+TinaChpyfz1iwkfzlmwmLrV3ed999DXf4M+gyzjjuhBbfJsoY8aSjLHmCZcJsla0MhB5XXXVV20W47LLL2lED7cikrz4JC3oc0KocZQqBQqAQKAQKgUJgcxHIGkQumXvNyRj0odYmf+uLPmz7WOanD2sNFa1smx94J5dQ2wCi0e2x8RGTtY/1gjWP+NKjTUDggGezCUHzksCBwcs5mulh+rL5Tvm2yxoJTVtpSkiwCvpZnGqAdkmzeCUk8GiwUbnRuDTaLMjTsB1VsBumMWqg6URpjKuQsKp30kujZqOhzOQI9NgZ9DwGmjBbYfj6OkvbmDyX2Q3Zl9u7spPa2sX3YI6pgekTTLDp462n9KmXYVx9iWAOQ65ufOuLBHgYeJPXNPtAP5F4l7Z8YcDo99qLJ4bbRk3wC57wIMRSRn7p62hKWG4ebmzuedAjrYTdKH0bjW+HgIDHGUECEFpbJno4RjOEICb4jyvbRmmo+IVAIVAIFAKFQCHwdgSG6wTzr/nY2qdfU/ThhFmLETfzundrAnySdQDeyVrOWsA3XitrIXmI59JBm67WW9af/NEoHe7WpbQT83fK1vTSG67PpNWXYy1lmOewJSRYpXazOBVMwyIkGNeQ0nD5xV+joz2gocZNOgnrfVomnUx63uVRZnUE1Au8YghzMgAacKKu3tef8L77tpH482anrCl/vg2w2jbBGYwcybCb7VwZMxyAp4FLaJAW7E0a8rHjzM5EgIm2A03QMw3T56tf+dZOMOqMbzRoL8aHcXdYrJeO5J22Jg/aSzuX7kFxTs/YAncToXYb3NP/xSdBd3GPSVO8CDL68Oulb6PxCHkiDCDtd4SDZlbOE6pDWPdjZrDYaN4VvxAoBAqBQqAQKASWR8Caz2Pe7dcjYcyz5hAmJuHyvZyd9WTC51uanmhox79fB0gTTeJYQ2RdEDv08JMOrdKkL27/7ntokufQfdG+S0iwSo1bSKfRaTTDhpOG1neUYRgNO/6yS3rTXKSjo39WKVZ5DxBInWFIwpSkbgWNv7rM+yCJufzsMehx8I7Z9HeHJ5544h5hGHdS3AhXfG/EwHpIg/SkT9pMMJAJhUQZk4nZxMCnn20k/8QNDUmTVDqCCDR6SKjRZEKapsk4oe3Jw1/6aKPO7VGZ++QnP9mOMfXtEp20HF5dOnZx59K/rDiigK78qwphQcoyTVrXmpYyETDlbCBctZ/8Q0QupYT/0KROhu71XQgUAoVAIVAIFALTQSBri8zD1iQE+NEqiLtweV9LzuJ4kk/iDtPKmiXhfff8VdZKCSedPo0+/Z5W771f8i97aa1dIKyMQJh7DU1j7BufmGloaWAJ07snDX4x/OMet43Y0kue0sk7u8zKCPRYZeDjpn7UWeqNWx4pahO+59mkfBlo+2/vVPwJC4IRLNKuM2BPE58ecwwzbQL5eHrmHD1RL5tG/im3tNAgbUy4SdKYYJfek0lLuOFYwW09JnjKVx77779/u7yHKp7y0+YgJeeXepA3QYK//3FnhIcWAtW94BZGfD00TTMOOnYs3eHifglaIOjWrtSnex98BwP1MGyL06Sl0ioECoFCoBAoBAqBt69xs7awzmCsgcatcbJW6tdqK2GZ+bxPi5v8Mu+LP0wv4fswebceREfWC+NoSr7xC43Lucd/0ewSEqxS42mYaXAJHnff3vOdRhp3dt9Qhw2S/0ZN8k7aOk9Px0bTX4T4MDTo+SsVjArGFzMVNSb+TLD2Hry9z6vpy9i/jyuvQT0DN/9ptcHl8pV+jjcIg2FWb5hKKvbOuE/bmHxoKWBo7XIrr3KnXbC5pb1MI/+kLV3q+VTxPWhhlD35BX800XRwqeOtt97a/iWA33PPPdfScKEPwULCT4PO9aRBcOEyVzcWu8DQvxk4uuHSV34R2kk7OCzXHtaTf8UpBAqBQqAQKAQKgZURyFqBFqeHsMAcze7XIEllknl6uTDcre/6NWXWOPw8/bc8ffduobfPI+kljdBa9vII/MbyXuUDgb4x+u4boe80ujTINNS4p4GmUXJPGPE3anp60JB8Qs9G05/3+MEPXphKf6nn71IwmxjQMGIJl/rM97zjo3za7LDc+U754Zc2xw8+m4lR0rYzbpIi0KHqn78fzI506NuILa+0AxMX7QG38hMSwIZxD4E2Eyl7MNhIvombsoaO0AJv9MTO2CIeN/cjuCmYQME3f+f93V+AzmkdCQmd67UJdwgKcqcEYV1w7sued/n0ZV1vvhWvECgECoFCoBAoBMYjkHVM5l62NZeNGGsK/p5pGennkWbWLdySX+8v76zBQotwnhj+CWNdMaS3T0+cpJP4i26XJsEELaBvVP27qH1j7P369z6LPnzvvt53+WjkGr/HOyYinWK96S5KPHgFQwMfBsVOMSYqjzCpt4RdFHz6cgar3m25dr6cex93Pe9JN3YYXbaLdPKNkbcjrS/oF8w4+ielQRr6lHbgka72EjrkRT1eOHmjI36T5rFSOHnJn4aEvHNkQJyUK200brRgCAU+/OEPt3sa+Pv/4J1L9xH0lysK39MqvaFbc9ikH7ih0xEDmgMEMOjhrqz+AtHRjvy15L6kbZOKXMkWAoVAIVAIFALbGoGsLRCZ96yFuJmvzdHx48YMv3e7rv7br0MSul/XcBuG6f2HfsL3/r6HZlycYZhF/i4hwZzUPiYCc4tBCXNbjX/1ys0AggF77bXXRg8//HBjStwYj3FZziwStspq0M/f/cEsTHDwWw6nzXZHhx18mgOYSXRSo+dO3Z4b5jOCgtAjHLNaPSacsMrqW5qOpbgkMf4YWKp3wUZ4fqulL9xKxgSMdpcxfv/73x89++yz7QiMnfczzjij/UXQuDy4iUcoQKPgwgsvbEIG9xl4YDakL99JL98r0TcNP3WV+xUI6eDLqEd0GtcIDggN0IYuJnS2j/opBAqBQqAQKAQKgakhkDk2awHrZI+1TuysBWXKbavXhFMrfCXUECghwYw3hDARFtAYFQICbnY207FnvIj7hHwS0aeffnp09913t7PtOd+eQbInIozKOL8+3Dy8Z9DHpLkE74033mjM2ZFHHtlUxLe6jCYoO+aEBARkdshzT0H+fWDcpJU6XI3+PlyYUwK53EkQ/2gxwIuZVt9D+w9+8IPRjTfeOLr22mtHTzzxRGP+neHP8QoT9nJ5GgcIu/yDANO3WeME/JYzfdjlwkzLHX7GLnXIoIuQAP2EMT/60Y/adwQFwqRtei9TCBQChUAhUAgUAtNHIOsZawKbD/n7Q/OzOTtzcdYMsadPSaW4rxHYe3BjX+dc+U0FAR1WB9ZRs4vpGwNQHXVyiA12v/jFL9qOpQEPMzKOuUyKi4KtcmpP7ml44YUX2sV3L730UvvWxrbaYJDD6Ko3jCZhGZpz6V1fV9xjeve4rWSLmzjR2kl4k2YYWOH6fBJmPbZ2iUEmoHnllVca00xIQVjj5n/+4/KCBQOP+Kcu+XGDW/yE7f2FSRr8NtMkL3XpUSZaK97VJawJfEJPaF6pf24mvZV2IVAIFAKFQCGwKAhk3cPGc8T4zsMt4TKnJ1zZs4tACQlmt+7eRrlOaXHtwbxlIf22QPXxDgSCE8bLxYXOfNs1x5zYqe0HwHdEXhAHGBEQXHPNNaNbbrmlqb5rb8FuK2HASEaqTZsgFxligPUDzCY6Peupy8Try6jsGFdtJhiEDky5fKbFwCoD4YNyaJtJl4AgZ/d72obvoR9NeZdG6ObO9N/88wzT24zv5OVYiHdlcykk2rgpNwEJQUGZQqAQKAQKgUKgENg3CGTdwM46wTrLxqT1jrVW1hHWRoxvc3mZ2UeganHG61Cn1CHTUX1n0Z0OO+NF3FTyYWfgM+BlEPRObT0M36YSsM0Th48deYyb3WvnxR3F8GhzW23QR6DDdp6dUXek3Zh4dclvaDLZDd2H333cvEtXXr0mBSHBsL1Mmscwz/5bX6Z2/773va+d29enpetfHByrkG/oGsbz3dPgPWOCdxO9cvQYDcP3aW7mu3zVmbIQdBLCsLUxAhJCA7jzT3l7WjeTtkq7ECgECoFCoBBYZATMt+ZetjUDY21ons5cnLk59iLjNS9l3/pV/rwguUXlwESk02axj3FwTrs66mSVYqfy0UcfbX9/CE8M2YEHHth2cCdLYX5DaVMvv/zy6MEHH2zn4Y899tjRSSedNDriiCO2RfvS1jHMGHSMJPN7v/d77dtOu0mMSV/IRJfv5jnBT+JhsjGwGFdtJUw3oQkaesHBWvMYR4Z+fMghh4wuu+yy1h4feuihdpmfOwn8veFqgprQiBbvMNLWH3nkkXZR544dO0ZHH330SL2+613v2rMIEH4a9I8rU+8WXLnRCFF3hBc0V7Jb8bOf/azdSwBz+CrHvqKvp7XeC4FCoBAoBAqBRUEg8zPbvMtY80Sgb31lTk64rBmyLkqcRcFrHstZQoIZr1Wd04NZwDB5t+NGumfRXWZlBOCF+XjxxRcbY2LAw/BhPDPgrZzCfPtitF2cR4sAM3nxxRePPvjBD24bAQqtAZfy0SZ49dVXW5t3m796zT8e9DXU16kw/XcfLu8J09vaiz6WiZBwQHvp+xu/aU2Q0iYUOPTQQ9tRD2XF0HsYtDHDsnD3oEO75o/hvvrqq0ff+MY3mvq+tP74j/+4aSXQTFhN6NAymuJPaDZ27bfffq0u/YODoz8HHXRQ64uOGsD70ksvHbkwk5kmvlMsTiVVCBQChUAhUAjMBQKZn823BAPWE3gL7ln/ZP2hwN75TWvtMxcgznghSkgw4xWIfB1Sh7Xr6z1qz+mwc1DETSuCAQ3T52I+O8QM9W7M06KYtJMM9v3EABN/DckNg/aBD3ygnRPfLtho6x7Mbf7hgCYIpthOdP5OD70pZ2hPOfM9zh6G0b8wrHDhJ01MPEFFjmDI24Q6qekZ3tSBuElfWvIl/Mg/Nyhv8hjSmHy5e/oJ3vECAh/n+/nBiOAAU55JX/whVklzM234uYNAPXrUozLCm7CKzaANHmUKgUKgECgECoFCYHMQyDoga43MvVmzEO5bf/lebh2yOZRVqvsKgVpp7SukNykfHVPHZXRkTzpr7E3Kem6SxSQ99dRTjVmym7ljSQWbmvcimEwCypq2FGYRI+afDPztnnBnnXXW6Oyzz24q4WlzW40RZhnjTO0N84vZZSIkIAAiPAu9KVu+V6M/4cOUikdAQG3fO8b2/PPPbxoWdvq1m35CXS19/tKWViZa9eDJ7j/6GZOx9E3M0RpqHqv8ZByQB82L97///W3XXnreDzjggCYUs0PAJH/hN9v0ecCSdgQBhnan3OqXIOMnP/nJ6PXXX29CH/SJ18fdbDor/UKgECgECoFCYJEQyFybMvu2vrH+iJ1NmqwbhDU3Z+2UuGXPJgKlSTCb9fY2qnVIDIVOycYwhbF4W8D6eAcCsMOAOG4Au4MPPrg9BsEwKe+INEcOBnYmA3qYYVhQ8961a1djig877LDRcccd9zYVd9gl/FZB8pu/+Zt7/oWCgMA37YEIB9AXwVlPb8q9Gt3D8sFF+na2mXPPPXf0qU99anTUUUe1XXB5SDv2aun3/slLHt4xyx55KQMBFm0C78ykeSScNHfu3NmOFzgyQnsGY/7Rj360aYnQnhGWmRSfFngKP/JFy/7779/6nT6pDmn1EIzA4fnnnx+9unSkRFskPChTCBQChUAhUAgUAvsGAfO09UfmXxsLHmsW7llrWD/s6zXEvkFg8XKpldYc1bkOGkFBmL45Kt7UixK8MCAuL2Te8573tAfDlIFw6hlvowTTTjL4I82Aj+F+7rnnGmNGYOLvIKmCZ+DHcIqzHYy/CCTNJtSx60wt3Xue0Bja8z2prZzismGTiZEbXKjF26FfT3uBf9IOffl+8803R08++WS7tE8dEESwf+u3fquRPml+vfBB2jt+rSnz85//vAlVfEu3L6cMQs+kOG0kXPJWl+hN3XlHB8xpbxAcKHcEKfuSxo2Ur+IWAoVAIVAIFAKzhkA/x3o3V5ufzcHWXZ5sXCSsMJ6sPWatzEXvXgRKSLAXi5l8y+JaJ42EL502fjNZsH1EtLPPGGKMJUaPJoHdVszKIph+ENdeMK3aES2CK6+8cuQ2/TPPPLPdpE+AwpgghMmEsNU4YdQ9DCZSGUxgdvw9GExMcAz/vtxxn8TWTqTHSAPD7kb+tJcwr5OklTTYPZbSpT3wwAMPjP7+7/++1YXd9JNPPnl0xRVXjM4555yW51rLIV35/MEf/EF71KNvddmbnpbefTPf0aaOtDHaEr71S7Z+qaw//OEPR08//fS2ujhzMzGptAuBQqAQKAQKga1GwNqQsTYwF1sDcWN7su4Jz7EVa4itxmhe8687CWa8ZnVGTxg873bahgv/GS/m1MmHl8fOc3afMWIEBHaGGQPfvBsDfp4M7O5ouPfee0c33njjyG6zCwvtYhM+Cat9Cet9qw1GV71h1rMbjpEnLEAjmtGb/oFejCfDbRITXLQHF//lgktpY7h7DYsIT8SZpP30NPR4El65C4I2hzL6JjR47LHH9ty7kHKsVIbUrTCps+STcaLHRrj4e99sE2yz6CAQcBGkYyOwVG71y2iXP/rRj1odbDZdlX4hUAgUAoVAIbDICCy3FuBu7rYG8mTdY02SOT32IuM3D2UvIcE81OKvy2CxjzHxeK9OunrlYk4ICWBmN9jf2Bnw4Meed2NQD7OpzB6CAf9Tj9nGSLoYEC7eExYu/ftW4YQmTDTm0iV8+TtE9BAapHz6wjT6g7wICbQbeUc9Xn6wYyIcmKT99DR5Txps6TOZqJWFm3BxawFW+En5E8R3nw/3fEdLIt+Js5l2sLLQkK/H5YWEL8FC20N36OMev82krdIuBAqBQqAQKAQWFQHzcUzes/bwbR72nfm4t/Oe+GXPJgJ13GA2620P1TqizoohCVOBkcnie0/AenkHArD76U9/2lTSMcI7ls5mUx0Pju+IMIcOaT+YMMZldrfffvvorrvuam3o6KOPbtoVdstjMvhn0oj7VthocX/EGWec0bLXD+w833rrre2vG903QasAMx969Y8w26vRbAKEjXzEwcyKT0ggvfx1pkv3hJV/wks7ea6UT+og4aUjPZcLOmLgXgIq+N6POeaYVr5J0u3zTDmShzzzKAOhkH8PUM/+5pKwJX+32Kcz7Xd49bTJ8yMf+Ui7fJV2CH/aPY6/6Kv+9YA2h37ax5s2XZVeIVAIFAKFQCGwyAhYZ1gnxJhzPXH3nnUEt6xLYide2bOLQAkJZrfuGuXprIQCmBcdFpMS9+qsuysYLrAIY+HdzuSPf/zjdv7bLvSJJ5442rEkKOC3KLj15aRR4V8err322qbqfvrpp4/+8i//cnTssce2XflgB9E+3m6Et+YXHerW3w+6T0LbdzO+m/Axveo4k1joxuynPaxGdcrJ1seovxMQ0FJwb8B1113XjqdceOGF7V4E6SafvK+Wx5AWeWHW4c9WHrvrjnwceOCBe443DOOtlA9cepNySduxkm9/+9vtzL98zlgSuHz2s59t/ywwjNenMa33Pg8aIfohIUAw1u4ef/zxdnGhvyr95S9/2TBPGaZFR6VTCBQChUAhUAgUArsRGK4xzNXR+jMvZ1Mkc/EwfOE4+wiUkGDG6zCdUufVYfvOOuNFmwr5BrJgIsH+HQNpV5JwBTNmF5MdpiU7zlMhZJsmkvaDPJf8vfzyy425xkjbyfb4Gzqmx645bJOf0MVWnkxktAf8HaiHtgHDfy0maScuAQHNBG2DsQN/zz33NJww2Gk7/Pq4vseZCF7QlbpIGezme7eznwsSlSPpxh6X7qRuhB6PPvro6OGHH2479QQrcDvppJNGhx9+eHufNK31hlNGRnm0O0cNaINYjPhHA0IBdxTAPPgnfItYP4VAIVAIFAKFQCEwVQT6NUbWJ9Y43D35u/X4jQs/VYIqsX2OQAkJ9jnk080wnTKaBLHlEr/p5jhbqfVMWyg3oGHOMHu/+MUvGk4HHXTQyIMxiWABwzLvJm0EFphFl+MRCnzqU58afeYzn2m788EhYWNvF2yGExQGE83odH8ARhOTmclN+PUY8fQvEyNb+rQJ7HLbkeffpz0JTmmf0st74qH5sMMOa8xx6gDdfR7rKUcfh6DsjTfeaAKCuLuTwjPNfJL2OFs+KTt/wjptkJtjFgQD3//+91v71E5hDi9C0TKFQCFQCBQChUAhsLkIZF1ifWzO9k3bz9ok83fWzvwSfnOpqtQ3G4H554I2G8Ftkr6Oijny6LjVQfdWTJidYMLGYHDHDFGzP+SQQ5rKepiTDIQZ/PamNl9vyqmMdmntijtucMIJJ4w+/elPt7Ph2lU/8A+x3Go0MlmhI7Shmdo6rRAMJiGB3Wk75AnPTtlXK4OwiZd84hZGVZ4e7kzaWvtY4Sc0iMtECEEQ4cI+Qit+wjFpj4nXHDfwAxcCIXn4i0Fq/o45UPk3juwLkzIlr/RP38aznUt3EtCmgAXNH3coEBbQqhjGTRplFwKFQCFQCBQChcD0ELDusKbKJkk2TLI+Mh9nDRS36eVeKW0FAiUk2ArUp5ynzpiOqZNiXGrx/E6Qh4OWwQ7TgeHwt2v+oz1M36Lgl3ISlPzqV79qWBxwwAFN1TyMK6YtTG/sIZbvRHvfuIQek1foVKZohJjEqKvbMcdwhu7Em5TKhNdmpJn+ZrJ0FIBAIm6TpikcWsPws2k+uKCPZoI26dlvv/1auKQfWtaSz3JhCU6OO+641g8IDDwEBOxp5rNc/qmPoX/Kyp0w4Pd///eb4Ie7dqrfEqKUKQQKgUKgECgECoFCoBCYPgIlJJg+pluSop1gjBAGJgzTlhCyDTMdMjthQDDG//3f/92Yu/e+972NGSMkiCrzcgzMNiziuknSbjClDz30ULvsz636O5Yub8SUERL0GAQ3eA4xXTcBU4iY9o4m7Z/6vLP2jF1n30ccccSeuxWS5aRlSDhYSdfdDfJkMPnuDnAfQcIl/bSjfC9nSwO2NB4cXbjmmmtGP/jBDxpTbJf/ggsuaHWyGfjTnHHvxI6lOidMwZATehAeDMuzHP3TcO/L1r9Lm0aDYweEV/qr4wb+tUIbLVMIFAKFQCFQCBQCm49ANmCsk83T5mbvWStkLYaSuG0+VZXDZiJQQoLNRHcfpa0z6qgendhTHXQ3+D0zZ1CDS7Dxzd+uM/V0NgM/JuHax5z+YGSfe+650c0339wuLDzyyCOberddd9gEiwz+MAmO2wEStIRGTPZjjz3W/v7w2WefbcdIlO9nP/tZ05BA70bqlBYBJtVufzBI+wle0k8e+uNqJoIEceyQ33fffaP/+I//GL355ptN88H5fH976N83lDP1IN3QsFoeK/lLQ5ruP6ANgY5ppLtSnr1fsOrd5J865e7dMYj999+//a0lIQ2sCIT21ZGInr56LwQKgUKgECgEFgmBrAvMx1knmINtnlhDcO/n7YRfJIzmsaxv/1+seSzhgpRJh8Rw6LBs32V2MxjDgSvYGNgwHL4jIIDZOMZlXrGEAYbUeXQDPjVzzOI4E1yC37gw+9otk5V87TC7V+Hee+8dvfTSS02zhrvjJPpEDPrXUwZ9i7YOm5FG2pb2432tGEWQIC34281XDloc8sqdGaE36cu/f/e9HjMuDW7Jbz1priVO8pFnaImtzrRPD2GAdsnmX2PcWlCusIVAIVAIFAKFwNoQyPwsVuZl8zF3j/nYWiV+48KvLccKvd0QKE2C7VYj66RHJ+2ZlHUmM5fRDFzwYYep844Zw6RRrcb4TWOA6/NKnhlAA65BNnRgdsIo9u7C+k7c2Emjt8fR3acVmpJmn7cdWf89//zzzzeVfLvW1LqHJnG49+/DcPv6O2Vjw/KJJ55oqvoEAy67c6Yfo53jB+gTti9DcB5iLFzCBk95YN7F9044QD1f+0kYeUhL3GGa/HrTxzHZYoTtmr/22mstrvSVhQCBtkJP9yTp93kt9x4a0aItsqnze+RPm4GmTdrpcumsx13ePQZJg7aGulRv7mSAr38fgT2NEX0X/jCISTmCS+z4l10IFAKFQCFQCBQCkyGQOTWhzanmXXO29UouMcxcOwyfeGXPLgIlJJjduivKJ0DAYMYYvDKAYTgwGRhkTJDBbr1nsA2OSb+3e3faCpg8DB617jBbBlvvmEBq7JgftDkn7rz1UJWanzTCKPbMVcqWfBtRv/7h5ukxiL9BnvaAG+0//OEPt382wPQyySdht6OtTHBgO0+PmUU3NwwlZhuWwVZdp1zBJN/KFzfvwUs9CaOtYFp/9KMftcmRv7Py7rOAWZ9O4rNXMuKkHaDzlFNOaUINdxOol4997GPtXzeULfUovdC2UtqT+EkzdGuLLgR0/OTBBx8cvfLKK00w4c6Ck08+ud29kHx7nCbJZ6UwyT9pysNfkz788MOjl19+uV2i6biFozDqVZ26a0J/EDamj88t3/EvuxAoBAqBQqAQKAQmQ2ClOZSf9ZR1Q+Zhbky+J8ulQm1nBEpIsJ1rp2jbMAJhQCSUAQ9TRq3bg3nHWIYhD+OdsKsRYDAUdhg++coLg+rBZAovvwyu4mF2Xn311bZzyt9uvh1lafQDsDgMGsXjl++8cxcvg7T8w4SGphZp6UdYQgv5YXLt1BJQJC7/vCfOdrPRyKCToAe2GGqCF0KCXE4JM/gJ7wlGwzKOKy83D4GKupIuI648YahuewNzcYaY92HynjDSoP1w7rnnjnb8+vLIo446ql2KKGxok++wDSSttdpJM22E9sCTTz7Z7qjAjKNJPzn44IPbnQDyZsQbYrfWvIfhlSntWL7wJmBz8SSNEAIZNgGK/hQMUgbp9TT17sO86rsQKAQKgUKgECgElkegn08z95ujrVniZ54dzrUJO3RfPqfy2a4IlJBgu9ZM0TV1BMKMYS6cw3d+HXPkRv/h36llAJyEiH4gFM8jLwwlRmfXrl1tZ5ba9Pnnn9+YWOkmD0wnxsyFddzs4LqNP3ShjdAAA5wHc8oQcmCE5UNF2yM9zJVdb8IP+b7vfe9rggDpM2jGNFNtP+ecc/bQwq8P43s7m2CPZtgceOCBI4y13XCaIrDx7w3w6I02kPbAfVyZuXmEg696cdcBBjUGftTxTZx9GmF2E245W5yUQR17diwJCLhHqBF/NMf0tMdtPbZyYchDvz7hEssbbrihtS1pwu+kk04aHX300XvCcQ9d3tdr+noIDdJSl9qtIwf6D8HPhRde2AQmhBYuo9TOe/zQkzqQxjTok06ZQqAQKAQKgUJg0RAYrjPMqZlXzbXWn9YQmcfjt2g4zXN5S0gwz7VbZWtMgwEsDIh3g9rrr78+evrpp9uAh9GLkCCDXOzVIAxTMi68Iw3+WvDqq69u5+TtEGN0MGWMuOjB8NtBpu5v1xSDKx4hg8fuKVV0QgNq19S/qaJjkjCsdn8xTspEPdu7MhrgCQdOPfXUtttNW6Aspk+cAABAAElEQVSnU/79d8oat+X8E2672OhFK1zhYtc7x0nQGOFJP5EJ35cvZRaeO8PN43jBo48+Orrpppvavw8QviS8/GhfYOjjlnSzO98SW+ZHHHSJE8FC7NAbeoYTdvyXSXoi57TFCAuUZ+fOnQ3Hn/zkJy2N/D0oWhOOxyTlW40IZUr5pO/xrU+85z3vadjefffdrf0SZukL2rE6ePHFF5uAhiBMHHGZ/n21/Mu/ECgECoFCoBAoBFZGIPOreT9rD+seT9Ym5l4Pw85aZuWUy3c7I1BCgu1cO0XbhhEI4yEh7xm07ETSJvAf99SYCQkyuK03U/H7/JybdiEgJtNAasc5wojQY3D1+Hu3j3zkIy2M3WrG7rc0CQOc0c4OKuYNs0SAYKccwyQMZhhzzE057b4SLGC4DOqkvpjCDPahN7Sk/PGP3YjZpj+ZrNDqHcOIiYSzd8cO4AQf9pChVKweB++eTHqwVY8ESv5eUT4ENbQKYAxbFwqaOGOCW+y4j7P7vDL5hnEPDeL1aYXe3m1c2pO4Ja3kqb04++9uBO0QDccee2xj1oUVjo1WbXoaRjnUHePdA1MCC/WoDtP+hSMwI6xwHEK/UR8ph7jembi1j/opBAqBQqAQKAQKgTUh0M+j5t+sU8y1DP8+TL9uWVNGFXhbIjCdVd62LFoRVQjsRqAftAxm1NCpMWP67JoSFFDzzqAnVv++Eo7LMSWYy2effXZ07bXXNkbry1/+8ui8885rjE/iJA/MvPsA/KsAbYLsfLtEDsMfYQN6XeZGM4FfyiU+RomaPebu0EMPbYIPZ+UJJtjUtzG1yVOZxDfoJx1u/WDfv/Pbjia0o9U7BhIWzzzzTGMkuZvUCAnCiCpHX+6+nElHGIwozYxvfOMbo29/+9tNaHPJJZc0Bvaqq65qwhl5YVTVQUzSDm1xH2fLTz6EVoRJvml/aJPj4vOP6esybmu1pZd0vGPML7jggtGHPvSh1vb46Rvvete79tDDDW1wjdBtrfkmfNLoyxqa5KvdEpbRrqEp4xgOrRsXK15zzTV7NA4IFRIvaZddCBQChUAhUAgUAutDwJzam8z95uuhXx+u3ucHgRISzE9dVknGIBCGLQyEQc67fxPAnHkPAz0MOya5sU5JO4wOxsff7vlrQccBnOW++OKLR4cccsjb4ovHhCa7tJh6u7n8MhBjcI8//vh2LtzdBY888sjo1aWLDuWDdowq5kn6VO0xmZimmD4fbv138kBDnt4/acyKTSDiLDsc4al88CMYomVBk4BbME+ZUz7fjLagjVx//fVNQACTT33qU42Bzg679D0EBNJM+0kaSXMlG03ayde//vUmAJLWJz7xiRGhEoZ9aJL2tOpIetKKrRyOT/RHU+KPFm1OWOGmYXohwxA/dekoEG0NWj8//OEPWzvX3m+88cZ2hEe7P+uss1p77+lEW7CaBp2VRiFQCBQChUAhsEgIZA7t1xtZV1kLeMzbMQmf77JnH4ESEsx+He4pQRbJOmo69R7PBX0JM9MPXnYmDW5MmLx+l92g1zMvK0EH555BFNfuv51PAgIMTq+pIN8+r6Td0+e9/5aG3ers6Doj7u4C+XLzTTDgCAKhgTIxQ6ZrXF7c+rzGfSfedrfVBcYSow1j6vDcvBMUEAqlPcBGuYORcMGdG00QRwrsXtPsOPzww5uWB5ydhXd0geknTPkknUmx0lYICe69996meYJmGiXyXCmtYZ1Nmt8wXJ9OsBEm7mmvfTzh0NaH6/3X8t6XMXmKL19tmbBCGLgQ2jh6QHAAa9+OIajb3vTp9O71XggUAoVAIVAIFAJrQ6Cfp8XMHMs9D7dhuLXlUqG3IwIlJNiOtbJGmnRMRifF4IQBWmMycxs8AgGMhXe3tXsYl6NhOsJYcxOOmWTAy2AZBuvHP/7x6M4772xHAqiP290/4YQT2s62NJN2TxP35UyfPiGAx3ECzCXGyYP2DNBoDi2xl0t7Htz7tq88hCbqlB1NEf3B8QwMpne4BJvgpj5gaWffJYWYdsc71Odxxx03+vSnP912rOXniXo7rQWMbOo19TUJttIhhHBJJUGBb/TREnH8wD81bLUJTmhTNg+sUt6N0rccXvKVJ60aRx1o5sBKv3U0xwMzR3HcTSBc6qSndaP0VfxCoBAoBAqBQmAREchc2q8D3G1lnWINYM7NRknwESdmufk9/mVvfwRKSLD962hVCtORdch00Oqcu2HLYBYQMY4YQTvFBj4Mnh3L3qwFwz4shvJ73/ve6Gtf+1o7EkAV2o3sp59+eruADS2pl7UyWfLxiG9QFj8Dd2jnl/S5JXz859Eelhcu1PQJU4IxnOzM+xcI9Z+jGKkPaRAQ2JX2Dwbf+ta32p0GtAUICC6//PKRf6ZwhAEDT0PE7jWtBXcg9JdeSmsS3FOfhBnO2J944olN+0QdESxpl/JH11Ya5dFfXMDpwkxYYtB3LP1NIw2XHv9p0ild9UeDxkWKNHMcs3G5pz71sY99rNWRyzxdKkmbhsYOM+wX06Sr0ioECoFCoBAoBBYJgaxp2NZNWTvlLxBtHGTe3aw1wSLhvZ3KurUr0O2ExAzTolPqvIyOWp10fGUayOwoexjn052/xuzEZPDLoBj35ewea7ucLhZ0aR5GHiN12GGHtV1t6WYQTVrj3OIXO2HkM6xnYdAZWkNL2kLSmGc75YdtcFCvERAoO0acYABj32OT+uBGeEAAQHvAvQ+0Dtzq7yJINkGSujApYt7FlS4BQZ93j3Xo6d2G79LABBM8EEJI76Mf/WjLb6sFBGiFC42YO+64o+3co5fAhAZFf1njsFzr+U77TVzfMCD00Z8IK9wtob/qW46AEBIQzhEC9fGzaOndkm7ZhUAhUAgUAoVAIbAyApk/s5ax1rG24m495N0c3a+3ssZiZ421ci7lu50RKCHBdq6dCWlLh40asG/vZfbuKmaQyy3ymB0XCroEDbMTf9h5JjVh4jFSjhncfvvtjWFxQ/wf/dEfjY455pjGoKY+MoDKY5IBVBh5MONoG7r16U9ahlkP15c59UgoYDce8w1DAgJMZu4S6Hfp3VFBMOC2fHWIMfYvE1dccUXbsSYgkC4BgfZDCyWX6mHqh3UQPENLvntbHEb7c8+BIylU6rVFxyVyeWXC9XH35Tvti/vvv3905ZVXtt18zDoVf9oPBGybTZ88CNocvfBvIe6DIBjwTx4ukrzhhhvacQNHEYRR12iapG/tSxwrr0KgECgECoFCYBYRMKdmPUMg4PHtsT6Nn7JlTRB7FstbNO9FoIQEe7GYybd0Th01nZVbmNKZLNSUiQ5GBi07kZgczAcVZeedN2IwI5jP2267bXTrrbc2NfcLL7ywqahTIY+WQpiWDJyhaZK8xR0XntvQJH3u4+IMw8/6t/KmzGxlJtnGvLtrgpCAu0vuvBMACBPJt13oe+65Z3TzzTc3LQK71l/60pfaERFq9TmKIg39i6DAu510/gQRy+GcOl8OY+kw7KG6vLziv1z8feFOowJTTjjCwI/ggBBms+iDZ4w6dAcHrAkJXCZJmEJI4VgGoZx/PXAvAdoIWWC3GvZJv+xCoBAoBAqBQqAQeCcCmUv7uT7zMzfrqH6uFZ7p3d6ZarnMEgLT+R+rWSrxnNGazqtTenTgdNQ5K+qGihNMqCVjfAgJnCdn9wIV+GUQnDRDQoIXXnihMVJ2hqmoY2yioSAd9RQaku4k+fS0DeNJM0/8ejtto3ebx/e+nMFDX7DrbcefoIYmASYyQgLhaAT4l4gHH3ywnWsnXMB82tWnyk7QMKwzzLFjAXb/nYF39wGznnaT+pcHevqJ1Xtfrq2qN4sAWjeEaWiCEcbde+jfKG3LYaf8+tC73/3uPf9oECGFPAlo1BEa1aV+yISu2M2xfgqBQqAQKAQKgUJgYgSGaxBzqvVK1iwSEibhrAs8ZeYHgdIkmJO6tFD2ZMHtvcxuBDKIUTG3K2pH2Y6xs98YkGAFu4SdFLuXX3559MADD7RdaAypYwbnnXfeHnXxMFN9ugbYuK+WTz/gDulLOtLIIO1dOKZ3aw5z+qOcwUYRMbIYWwIgl+35Jwg74XbACV1gyn788cdH//Iv/zK65ZZbWvwvfOELoz/5kz8ZHXzwwXvSk3ZwxrD6e8JTTz21qbsTMjkWMMR5SM842NHrkTZ6c/whtGmTyXdc/H3lRsOB0MuRDHihVfvW1oflnhZNfbowcNzAvRDf+c53Gh1vvvlmq1P1SyjnqA+NEPSpI8IDpm8T06Kt0ikECoFCoBAoBBYBgczF/VrEe9YvNl9oV1pPZR0dXGr+DRKzbZeQYLbrr1GvM9phy3lrO6hhQtPJ56CY6ypCP1Dlhns7js592w22K5wBEFbCDw3/+LHzDvP77rtv9E//9E/tZnzMlDsIMC+McOPsMP7xb4GW+UmY2H2wpNO7eR8XdhhmXr77+u3rzoQFHzZNgkxssV0ySTjgiAhz6aWXjj772c82FXbp9Ex6cObutv0woQQRmOZxpq+DIY1oILyImry8nLHfuXPnnn9lGDfpjstnX7jRroChf+lQZoIDwhFGWYJPT0tf5t593HuP1dBf2i6iTH8l4CMQ0If1XZj5y8onnnii0ZEjIMvRNUy/vguBQqAQKAQKgULgnQhkHs8cb64Of2GOpVmZb7ET3vtK8zr/MrOBwPgV7mzQXlQuIZBOmRvdfRMW6MDVSd8+UMED8+XB3GVwWw4nWDL9ABk3ceyuOmaA2YsKOgFB0itGpcG3qT/BWiZ5V1/q1gQWdXR1nvsJhHPR3atL/2agDv3NoYsKaZfw8yzXf6RNSJA2sVrh5KvNRJggbf0zxxz8GwZaCbCo9GtHaZ+rpb2v/GFox97xCuUgMFB+5Yqd99CknMpBALIRI11p6VcEE+qLZkjwctzDvRE0hPxNIptQI3U4aT1thMaKWwgUAoVAIVAIzBsC5tGYzMXmVO6ebE7Gb1z4xC97NhEoIcFs1tseqnVKHVRnxdhYlIf5TcfdE3hBX+DAwId6FOYFc2FHFF79wNa/ixN8w7jlm/q6s+wPPfRQuxTP/7b7azg7zdHoCGMonTL7BgH1pJ4xthhuE5pLC/UPAp3vfe97rQ3ce++9jak86aST2r9QXHzxxU2FPlRqM+L2jO6wbUzSv3omOeHR88gjj4y+9rWvNQGTfJ5++unW1vwjRnbp+7xD11bYyk2Nn3AguKCDO6yzaODmWxjl7svObz1GHnAgwHERqLENfoQs+prLC3cuaRNcd9117fJC/8RASJB7E9aTZ8UpBAqBQqAQKAQKgb0IZP2TOd63+dg6N35Z44gVt70p1NssIlBCglmstQHN6awW5TpwBAbVSXcDFcYGMwMbFxca3IbnqvsBrocYjuLGH8ZuWseY2NV0Rvszn/lM+0tFu9cxwolXZvMQUCdM2jq8adUQELhvgjuNAX3D5XYEBepM3Tga8rnPfW50zjnntLbADUOqbaQvhdEd5iPPtAfvy5k+Hlp8EyJhdJ2t9y1PTK/7LdCW4yrJe7m094U7TBi050EvLP/3f/+34QRrCwXY9+1dX4PlRg0cCAQcd6BB4KiGfzn40Ic+1AQqRxxxRBP43X333aPrr7++CRTOP//81gY2mnfFLwQKgUKgECgECoHdmwDmdWsA64G8Zy3ELSZu+S57NhEoDmY2620P1Tri0FjYZ3E/9Fu07x4fzBkmjDYBg/noB7X+nb/vaAVgfoKp+LksjVDgzDPPbJerRXPAAMr0DFNzqJ+pI6COPOo5k5J6wGjbfbYDzqgT9xA89dRTrf5dhveRj3xkhMEkLGLUF6Y2bcZ33pOHcN6ZSeo39LUISz++0WdXvj+24BJE9KYNCZf2lrhbYSvjsJwEBAQaLgokLPvFL37RaIUVmoPZNAQEwQBWjjy4E4GQwCWU6IITYZCjEPJzN4E7CggTQsdW4FZ5FgKFQCFQCBQChUAhMMsIlCbBLNfeEu0WyRbDmFkL6jAhFtDcfS+yUX4PbDAWbmJ1hhljaMe5N+PwwrRx9xAqYJAwIffcc8/orbfealoEn/rUp9pOp7QSzrs6CdPnu8zmIZA6loM6wHTTFPj5z3/eMqVNgJklPLDLfPnll7edaG2BIUQI05m08u0cPH+P8NpN2oQwq5kwusIJj9F1UeFll13W/hUDrXbJHVehJi//hG0vW/iTMQVNyvyrX/2qtf0bbrihCQow747afPzjH29q/tq7OJ5paEJIB2aEKo4WfPCDH2zHRNSF/kwItGPHjlanhEB33XXXyFGSSy65ZE+f3EL4KutCoBAoBAqBQmAuEDAXE8ab260H8p41C7e8x56Lgi9wIUpIMAeVrzNanOvAFs/5S5LqpHsr1xEDO5C0ADBimMUhIzMOrzD6wrpV/bvf/e4Ig+Qdw3Laaae1XUw59QOk9xIQ7MV/s97CREpf+4c72234GPrDDz+8MeB2mKn471w6v+6vL92CnzP2+kzqKnWYtBxPoH0gHzvWGFVpM+PaS/PofkJPnKSDsT355JMbDW7pR4c7MtyjsN0MHGLQ7i6OO+64Y3T11Vc3Jp3fSy+91PD55Cc/2Xb7g13ibcRWLzD0qM8IftQrQR93fZk2j+Mb6oqWDw0HWiJwLVMIFAKFQCFQCBQC60fAXGvNY35n+3bcwBo5fv2aKG7rz7FibgcESkiwHWphCjREk0AHjsBgCsnOfBIYGwOXHdDXXnut3XCPScNw9ANaCmpgi+Gf3VDxMSA0CJ588sm2U33ggQe23UqYYzQTVvxxaSfdsqeHQBhS9ZbJS517x0RivI899thWHyY0xwwOOOCAPccK1NNQQJDJDUO8a9eudskgwZJdc35pU5PUsTBpU97RxWh//oLTo+3QTuDvCf2hY3porS8l9DBsavwEZFH3RyNtDVoaxiD0J2zfH5rjFH4w/bQwHC8IXmhQ144jwJNAEE00fUpIMAXQK4lCoBAoBAqBhUOgX4P0czt3D00C66f4jQu/cKDNWYFLSDAnFYr5sCjHbHjPwn5OirfuYsDCwGWXEXPvL9Kc/cbwjWNiMtglQ9/iYxj/8R//cfStb32rxXMrvgsLMSzMuLSSRtmbj0CYb3WVd7mawGgAUIn3blJjMpktZz///POjW2+9dfT1r3+9XSpop/rss89uu9Z9+i2xVX6GbUpw/TO09JMsv4SPzW2rTI+nd0IXeOo/NDMYxydoQ6SvsKfZH6QXLAh4/CuJ7/Rt7+ihZeAoyTPPPDN68cUXW38XlgCBQX9fnuZYP4VAIVAIFAKFQCHwDgTMrebMzL/ebQZE+9I6hltMwuW77NlHoIQEM16H6aA6rYexQJ/mIn3GIWq42Pl0g/x//ud/NjVk/0k/iQm+dqExJXYrjz766BHVajvUZbYXAv0klQlOX6A9YkKL8KwPpwTqmZt24pZ8f094yy23NHU6t+i7M+Dggw9uTLI0hB2msRwS0vZEuOBfAfp/wejjSTvh+vc+zL58TxlTZn8v6A4Ox3b8bSMBgaMT7iRwDKOnfS0YTVqmpJ+00z8JWmiJXHDBBa2OCXkcO0B3wqQs8hrWyaT5V7hCoBAoBAqBQmAREDBPDufNzL3m1jwJF3sRsFmUMpaQYMZretiBdVKGe3XY3Tu2hCf+1cD5b5jYWbSL22O3XDMQxkCI0SQgoKmBKTruuOP2qKkvF7fc9w0Cw3rs233/LlwfVr32TCcJ+euvv96EBC6/I1Ci1u5fEJyBV/dM4mhXqwnjEka+hAMuvqTNYufbEQbCixi0bleTMmPGdyxdFEirgtBEP7KD7+gNbYKYIdZxn4YdWqQlH/XIRhtNA7g6FuGBP7+YvLPzHr+yC4FCoBAoBAqBQmA8AuZMax5zsPWKOdeTObmfU/u11/jUynUWECghwSzU0gQ0ppNaFFs066DVSXczdC5yxPy5YA1z5n/d4dUzictBnDAuurviiiuaqpUdUzfSl9k+CPRtvZ+oMplxi3uYyr7PuNTyoYceGt14442j++67r/WdU089tR0pcVO+S/ByPCCM/2oCAugkDA2FBx54oGkn+KeF/fbbb3ThhRe2SxSdm+9pSllC31ajrLyhRXkIy9APT4w44YA7FmK2auxBj6NE7iVApz5P0KO/8wuu6dP5Dt1lFwKFQCFQCBQChcBuBLJmCh6+rQXYHhsrOX5gzu3n1GHcpFH2bCFQQoLZqq93UNsvePvFuY6chf07Ii2YAw0ClxZSQT700EMbg2O3cRJ8EsZZbLvJ+V4wCLdtcfv2P5yU+LnAzs69HXtHTGiRZIJTKG3jBz/4wejmm28e3X///e2cvXr+8Ic/PHLvhH+wwGTqW9JjMhlym6Q9CEf1/dprrx1dddVVjbEmffeXfYRN8kGTcMMytAy3+Ed5Y9DoG54WB/3FgMEHJptRDnkPjXz6OiCw0LfVmQsMcyQCzsE34TeDxiF99V0IFAKFQCFQCMwqApl3M19mI9K3jRNrmawREkZZM9/OarmL7t0I7P1/q0JkJhHQKXXGdGSFSEft3WaycFMg2oBml9i/E2BiDGgYCDufk+ATxgcpYS68TxJXuDKbi0DqJG1eburGg0l0D8Wjjz468heILq/klj7jCIoL7m677bbRnXfe2QQENEYcJ/EQEPzO7/xOS0scefX55X2lEqJDXO3IRX923sXDYPtHAEIMfj39K6W3r/36du5df4rRl1K+uAWTvt/Eb6M2jIaP/Hsa5eG+BwIhtKh3/8YgTE8b+jaDxo2WseIXAoVAIVAIFALbCYGsT8yZ7ufKOiB/gZjvfi5OnO1UjqJl7QiUJsHaMdtWMdIRLYD7RXDfWbcVwfuYGDvFjz32WNtRhBU1ac9yF8cNyQum4sI0zEZwH4av7+2BgHoiEPCPFrfffnu7T+Ccc85pl+vZbSYwIDzgR0hA28C/VXz+858fnXLKKe2CQiUZ1jPmHnM8qRFfHEKpQw45pJ3jJ7igFu8CTHby0NbQne/+fdL8ph0OLehgvKfsvRvsCOHct2BHgWCFIM7Rno2aIQbDb8c4aGSoaxoEjhq4XJGw57rrrmsaRDDesXSPQgQ+6dMbpa3iFwKFQCFQCBQC84rAcL5VTvNn1gXm+zz8snbxXmY+EJh8tTsf5Z27UqQT67hhMiLVqw47aru1zoBjCmHlPoH8swGp6CQMQ8IN8Qz2c9eoZqhA6iYTVm/nPf9qgJl03MRxA3X+1FNPjb7//e+39uFW/I9+9KMjf3PoMr7h+XpppQ2ESQbRpPUvjgsQ3UGAiXX0YP/9929CAsdf+vQD/aRpJ/xm2aGDnQe9HoZmhOMa3/ve99qdC3A699xzR5dffnn7e9Bc9jgN+uTfG98EBDfddNPo2WefbX+NeNFFFzVcjz/++NH111/fNERg7C8wf/u3f/ttdZY67dOs90KgECgECoFCoBDYy/Rn7rV2Mqdb03Azh+aZZC1dmM4eAiUkmL06exvFWazrsB7fi9ZZ+8V+/w4Pu5vUuv/nf/6nDW52FYVheuy8Bz+30Nv9FY6b+whoHnjvTeL3bvW+bxFQB3lSfyhQd/6ez+4x2wV2zzzzTNtxJkRzzIAbgRGG0j8YuKG/FxBIJ3U8rk/FT7jkHZtbDDdtCLNKaEFQ8O53v7vZhBZM0k+asZPGVtmhY2iHHljSIsiRDv3GxYY0eNLPEnY9dvIVt3/Pt/wJgF544YXRz372s/avI0cddVQTBtIsYBw3cqxjx5I2QYQ84uUcZQs0wz9whk3wGdcGU7xxfuPcEp7Nn0n67WPpZ7V4CVd2IVAIFAKFwGwiYH6xPunngcw53PLel64P27vX++whUEKC2auzoniAwHKLVwOV88gPP/xwExLYMaaGjGHjl3jsDISSxlDYdaZ9gKk78cQTRzt37tzDyAmTgTFpcCuz7xEY4p965Y4JDDNOa+CVV14Z+acLEx6V9I9//OMjO8/uHnAEhcE8ihumfdIShY7Y4oWWvFO/lxdhQf4pYdL0t2s4GDtuQOjyf//3fw1z/YdwTvlXMj0+K4VbyY9AYscS8//Nb35zdM899zShD2GPv0Ik+Enff+6551ofTj3Pi4AANtpc3+7692EdDP36uMY0Jm1/pe9p1F3LrH4KgUKgECgEti0CERBk7rCGirF5Zi0Tv6yj851wZc8uAnVx4ezWXVH+awT6AcmAlm82xsUOI3daBG45py7Fz0I3i+gsjF3E8tZbb4127do1uuOOO9qZdgxP0pRlFsi9W1XG9kJA3WAEdywxkHaUMa5hYjHphAOXXXbZyN8chnHMBJe2kLaxnpJJK22M7QnTld1su+7zYPQpgjQLBkK1Y445ph3rcE9A+lhvp8ww2aihJeJuB8I/eN5yyy2jf//3f2+CC0ICR0i0A/9y4JgHk3qNvVEatjp+2lnaV09P2l7s3m/4rt2n7fPLd+ou34k3Lr/4lV0IFAKFQCEwHwhkrDcXmGczd5rjCQ3ynfkjc8Z8lH6xS1GaBItd/3Ndegw/VWTHByySaRBQJ8+Ax43xncGNG2bSWWeDn/DjLjkUzkCYNOYayBkpXOok5PpWrxjX7Ny7UO9DH/pQOzfvrw75qUdtoN9dXkvdJiybSb55N6kSDKSNtUBLPxEW5HsWbX3jve99b7uUERMOZ7v7BC80J1bqH8FtI+WGqX6tXtUfGl5duoOEYM9RExpAjpVYzHgY2iKwX4m2jdC0VXFTHrj22MYdXfGDW9z7sMLAh0l/0DeE9fR+id8C108hUAgUAoXAXCLQr12G7/13P5fU/DAfTaGEBPNRj1WKJQQyQIXp95dzdpAJCTCDOW5gUEvYccA5okB92uVyLrRz2WENeOOQ2nq3YT0O6wmjqN79s4G/PHSB3dlnn91U/jFBiZ/3fE9aMuH7OMkfM6XtObLiLgTfdtyPOOKIdhcBJjXtdNK8tmM45bCTzz7ttNOaTd3fBZCw6LHp6R/i1vut9V0/dVEiwcC1117btH/cUUBLRP/Vnz0vv/xyExD5dwtGnYQRXmue2yV8z8CHJrinHXLr66B378Pnnd1jIv3+u3/v0+3j13shUAgUAoXAfCCQcT52NHEzz8Sej9JWKYYIlJBgiEh9zywCWQBHsolpcKkaZsAFddSg7XpmVzlMmngGQOEwki46o4GA6TnuuOParejjQEl+4/zKbesRSJ26yO5v/uZvGrOzY+n4QZjE1H8oFT5th9skTGTfBvp3AiqX+VF9v/POO9udGP4C8Ytf/OLoM5/5TDsC0ecVGmbRpjGAGWd6DLKoGFcm4fqw48JM4iYP+RMC0RxySal+D3uCCnXvPgp3EujTtAmyyOkZ3kny2o5hIvCEAxPMe2yjRUGjRZvOEzVRadCeIkzVJ4SDocteGeH5O7bjTg3/1CH9ecCvFbB+CoFCoBAoBMYikDklnv26hV/mnvjHHsaLe9mzhUAJCWarvoraCRGw2MWoYRrsctrFdSeB9xiDnXCMdw9GQjxq1DlqMBzsLJCHbkmz7H2LQM8MDXPml/r2jwLqFIMYo77VozaA4fEdE7d8r8UW118D0iDIWXiMFybW5YnseWk/OUoBH2Xqy7VS3awFz5XCpp70VcccCPUIBBw7cLcILQN/fUgwBHeML+0SRty+zlfKZ7v79VjnnRAggpMcuyIIIAhlezD/6gwuxj1xCBX8OwU3ftzUs3sf4OVoR/6VY7vjUvQVAoVAIVAIrB+BzJHmFfOBuSDGeiprLG6Z/zMHJVzZs4vAXo5pdstQlBcCDQEDFGPxb3FsocvQIsjfzkWLILvEGQCFo5LshnSqyuK4Id0AmAFvnpgK5Z0Xk3pPPfXl4qcOMZEEAQnLFt7Tt4HevU9nLe/S82h/r732WptUfWPCMGva3rwY2AZTZYJndqUxlzAXxmKCkKbffQ7WG8FCehYtbMcePv3pT7cjB0888UQT0Ph7S/cS6M/+seTWW29tx02MB329b4SG7RLXmEc4BXdtzYWtb7zxRrvE0b0MmH5tsn9g1wsF1B0hgrTUZeqITdhCM0tfOuWUU+YOv+1Sj0VHIVAIFALbAYF+/DcfMOYX7h5zhe+sjTOn8mMSp33Uz0wiUEKCmay25YnWWWPSwfM9r3bKmQEJw4AZe/3119sghiFwoz1GIcIBYRIPZp4nn3xy9K1vfaudI6c+bWcSgxOTAdB38opf2etHAPbwDKapl0lTTLxx4eOnvpl8x+7d+vfen/tKBr0xiUcF3l8sugvj3nvvbcyVixIvvPDC0e/+7u+24GstZ/LYbrZypG/od/rRAw88MPrhD3/Y+tiRRx7ZGHOq/4z6Fj5YbbQ86lZaBBEnnXRS67+EBIQCBH/wpklEAOhCUpoENAzGmdA0rm7GuSUNfkzi9+7cUubY8Y89jN/nlTi9Wx8P5h4CAVoU7l4gnOKG2dcWIxzNuOeyRzgY39QFzQBtldBAWAId72zHDGgd3HzzzaNXly6FdHxDXMc5+PdlNr6mbsfRG7rLLgQKgUKgEJgNBPoxPnMJymnomXcz/2fM78PPRgmLyuUQ2MsBLRei3AuBbY7AuAHJjphdNebd7353U5G1CA6zmMGMbYCzoLbAxtgY9NxdYOeszOYjoP5Sh+pjlkx2sUM/2pXBbusHPvCBxmiZSLUvQqcdS3ciZPc9E+sslXdIa/oPdwwiphQj/sgjj7THLoMjP7RyCOrC0Asf5tf7eo38gz3bAoY6PIGg3XNMrW9Hjex6hIl2FMG4kLjJP+nFjnts7jHiKgO7T2ecWx8n79LyhKkeuifNoR1BJ6xpBzjWQjBAIEIwqmyYelhj/jH0hALy0fY8xkJ/Hwkv412OZEgb4x/BgrxhR/tAG3744Ydbfu4lIHhxqWtfjoyvyhK6U66yC4FCoBAoBGYHgeEY7juCZaWw/vFkXmQLk+9h/NkpeVEaBEpIECTKnkkEMij1xHMjIHC7PGMHF4NiYcz0zIlBzCVdDz74YNspc4bchYX+9x1TV2ZzERjW36xNKj3Tm4mRjSHDRNnFtpOuzREWaIMYM2H6dri5KG9e6n19eaeOfvfdd49uuummxljK2UWgsLDL36v5T0NIkvzTjtQHAZ/z8wQVV1111ejSSy9tf9FoR/yxxx4bffe7322aBOeff35jhvt6SHqxU6e+49ajmTJIg/Edt9DEPXFjxy3fyYd7/97TFuGAMhIOGKtuueWW0W233dbKJR4NCX/xecEFF7SdfgISTH+Yd/l51wY9ST+7Qb4tAhNHmspDIOEIA4EPbStHsghZaMsIL11h0ei7TCFQCBQChcDsI5D5aNxcldLFb2jHv+zZRaBm89mtu6K8Q8BA1g9QdjAx/xbEFs52MsOcJVyiW/ju2rVr9OyzzzYnu5B2yMpsPgJ9XfR1uPk5TyeH0B9mK6lmYtX+tKcYTFTCJm78ZtVWHgYzSYPHjradZ/0tOw2EdsqbBz6eMNTTKrv0CAkIBu+6667Rfffd1zQ6zj333D1HDDDX999/f7vk0I556mocDcM6EjZuiec75YibtBIu7/Hr3ZNn79a/Sxe+3LQleD711FPtbgXq/wQhNCS0McKoY489tgk5CWT6diefnnbfaYfc49fnHXrZ6tK/w9DE+Ld/+7emUWDMlKfxNYKCXkCQNOVVphAoBAqBQmD2EBjOCQTG1jHc+zki3+x+TTB7JS6KewT2Xufdu9Z7ITAjCPQDmIErxrsLuSyy7Yrl4jrhM5gJa5CzK+c2dOrJ1HPtvlnsZgBMmmVvDgJwzqSyOTlsfqphEpOTNsYt7TNtE6OXsLNe5pS1LydtCUyjXXuLCXWr/1F316f6suc96azHlr4nOHunRh+NBYJCF/ihheAPXbQd/MuE8YFRJ4y4K5lx/n2+6tP30C1pjosfv9h9m8i7tuMdvbSjCDncC4BJVz5CkTPOOGN08cUXj84777yRyxoJCOQnXtJBV08D/Plx7+swtMTdt3Dqdr/99tsjFHC0wbhJIEt4ESMPT3CIe9mFQCFQCBQCs4tA5pTMI5lf8p0x33wyjfl9dpGaH8pLk2B+6nLhS9IPSs7k2s3EHGD8MQdhBnqgLG6d6aUiTUjgYrmLLrqoaR5kwOvD1/t0Ecjk0tddcuA3a3VgVxcjl0vjCJyoZWNcY0ys48ob/1myU0epJ4y4/oOhpJlDAGd3W7/CuOpvhAX64jRwkG/aENy8U52nOeTfDuy6O6NPMPDBD35wdOaZZ45uvPHGdqmhfu/yPbSKl7JIJ+VJmr49aBZOOTDtysemKcHdcRJCEfXrIZy0C5/y5r3Po8837QLjbTzChLvjwYMpl593qv+HHXZYO1bheIFyHXLIIS0vaTOEC/3O/m7Xt2sU9OXkjxYPE1ryDieXT37+858f3X777a2dw9fdG9G8Cj7jxtqWaP0UAoVAIVAIzCQC5oRe2G+uzVE1BcpcZh7InDmTBS2i9yBQQoI9UNTLLCKQQalf7HKzcCcoYCxgMWtMGBPhLaJfXbrYzPlai+8dS5fK2Ymz6LaY51+L3Qbbpv6k7tSNejMJmXhmwWQyRKty/PKXv2wCJ2ruBAXuJDjrrLNGp556antXtpS3Z8JmoazL0QgDRrmo7/t7PAwsYQmGmYAuZ+P1qfTZaZU/eEo3aRISEExgtNHx+OOPjz7ykY+0/u1fAAgOMLj+xURYaYjfG20Rs25sIATwqFMPAaRdfPWtTMISHEjHmIGhJhiKUIQmhTHFBYEwIUyIdpM2wZ+7+ASbtB9oO3jQqwzy0J4InS677LIm9CDk4NYLoTJuSZdRrpQt+PTlHPoHz8TNt3CwuuKKK1o933DDDe2fO9DgckRlZjJmho7mWD+FQCFQCBQCM4mAsT/zgHnFPMLN8UJzZL8OUsBx88xMFryIHpWQoBrBTCNg4DJYMXlnG6QsVi3MLcYZ4bhnQLOItcPowZS6sdsFhy5ZEzaL3Ra5fjYFgUw86gLThSHL7mv8NiXjKSWayVB7wRBiGv393h133NF2ezF0mLgDDzywlcsE27fXKZGxZcmkjmIrG4ZXf6LBg3EM84vI9Cl9MNhNi3hpSh+Trd9jXo877rimmo/pRuPOnTtHO5aEgRhuWh8Yfur64oUe6XgIBfyVoLh27zHq7ltwEaMxgz+TOlV27djCybuyaxPeYSAcTCIkIDiBEwZfG+Ge+PJ7dUmAKQ/uBC3iEng6SuHOBbb2paxMMA3G8mWUO/XTHJZ++MVtJX9+STfhaIQQFqAbnTRGtG+4BkPlCB3Js+xCoBAoBAqB2UMgc0VPuXnBGN/PnZlzYo+L16dR79sfgRISbP86KgpXQcCAlMWpQYlkkzquxbWFrEV0Bi1JCetbODt1FvxUZu002gG1mK/BbRXQp+SNmVBX/tOe+jdGDPPjXDUmT12F4Yg9paynmoz2hKHzF5rOi+cSzDfffLMJnXLBGwFI2upUCdjCxPq+knd9yO4yXLjFxjR7hoxtGNG+GInTu630HqY0aWs/l1xySdMUeumll9ruPzc3/2O4CQCuvfbapm3gHgXaAQQHaNEmaRv4a0HhCAcIC3J3iTLJj2aAc/rKKt+MPdIyrggHC2kqNxM32gQ5nkADg3BFmvJ2mSphB2GAfxCgneEfGwgTCB+kOTQZ16TPwC9trcdSPyLIICjxoM03I27CckMzmrwTDigvWglfXnzxxdF11103+trXvtbo/cM//MMmZJVGaJCm9JjerTnUTyFQCBQChcC2RqAfv72bC8xN5paM6Zkz+oLEr3er99lD4J0rjdkrQ1G84AhkIWyxa7CyO2i3j40ZsHg3YPHPwOU9u77iuP389NNPbwv+MBvCJO0Fh3jDxR9OIr49GCI3zV955ZWje+65Z89FbF/+8pebWrOd09SHuks66obZDvWDJnTYFcboYfzQ6tmxtLvqLHw0CTYM5IwlAIPUFcbX7fg0Rvy9aJjrvkh9nxN3o0Ye8sLo/3/27ux3t6Qq/P/5/QXfSxK9OZ14oYKoQJhkaBAZmqmZBQWRIAk0iUPiP6DXmmgiRjuEoYGGhqahZR5boQkCERURQ0xsjTfGRK+8/z2v3f2Gxeb59Jn7nM85Vcl+alq1atWqqlW1VtXeDwOO/nj84x+/GQPe/e53b/8O4O9PyQmvJnhFST9SxI07j/6Ex+k5OeFUn1GAskxZl6c8l+JtE6WdjA5gKOZw9+qCsDT5Nl3xqbA6GC78owBDgRsDYKZxAK+kNf7iFRzSusmgDZOXjBc+eugVDDISPLoqBx5tjF7akWNgYUj1/QO84PtOAj4yGGjTr/3ar23fgjAfmquzbrikc/v0LXH9LA4sDiwOLA5cExxIhkfMlN3C5Dw5nizf+5Vb/unlwDISnN6+W5QfODCFWAqjjS8DANdJnXD5ytgI2xQ78bMZtiG/6XAVmUEhnAk8ZZe7OA7seSnOtbBQRhgK3OhwUstRPIT1C3gKjFNd4a5eU8avNUeBe9SjHrUpSRQx48v3LZy6MnZ0wo3u+HKtteFK0FOf61OvYjiVd02dwqk/9WVzszlXmeIXSxeeU7jJAbcAfH/E3wN6xUBfGVceCr06PcaketHGEJARwC0QyrHXkpyodyskYwEaKe7hYQBgNNA2ON0yEFcXg4RxTQnnyxemaKuXLGJYMm4m/vgAngzj4pH5AjfewoNOck0+mjLACJN7bkl0YyH63BwIHzhx9KDtO9/5zmZ4cNvKrQKvZeGh1ybMWX/H6AaQGw9ucCk/6dsi62dxYHFgcWBx4FRywNpg3Wm93jeCzAeTAbu1ZA+34qeHA8tIcHr6alF6hAMJoYSTjTKF0zVvSpuNrE2u/GDybaQ9cNjoOh1M+M1N+JFqV9J5cqD+Cby4PuCc2lLgPDn9pd8oJj4u54aBr6kz/Jw9nAS/+c1v3j44B0eKUmWvhl9bjDcGAYrZm970ps0ooC0UKQrldI3BmXa9hrXVqyR33HHHmbvvvnszEujfV73qVWfe+ta3bspw867xcbl4gf9PetKTNuPAhz/84W08MRwwFLz97W/f0hkpzH0yQNiY0pdoQo++o/Q6mTdOG3Mp3Wg9Ji+MbTi5xsgWOfyklIsb5+oCQykXVhfa4wd4Tp560dAYouh3U4Ki7nUX9OPvb/3Wb230g49ueBlOvNYDLkMKw0d0qBcvjGU+mXrnnXee+fznP7/RgU7fb3n1q1+90XH77bdv3+HQXjc38Dcao3MrePipTcWXvziwOLA4sDhw7XGArG7tEvaQ69YJYeuAtSmjQC2Qv9z1wYFlJLg++vGGbkWbUL4TMhtap2mEmY2vjTA3BZeTPFefbbCd1FES2tQSflx4t8j6uWgO4KOHqw/isWvaTib9bR5FzJfcndY+4QlP2JQXBoL3vOc9Z77xjW9s5Slsrl5TcigpV9tNRVEbKVxOcBkGjKdc7a/d0qXNeLDXk9/mwbcmzLcHDh/j026n+vrafI1P8Wjy9FJ5AZdbAz/7sz+79Q3jIVooyk693fRQP6Vc3+Vm30x6ohFcY3nCSg9efvCzn6WRScklZaSFJ1h4bMDAwVU6euUxDHz729/eXhvwykR/96gMw4jTfm2qnDLClH6vMJCNjKRcr08wbMCvzr7nom5zTX/5hsMnPvGJrRwDBL4yFHi964Mf/OBmDPL60NmDMc8NjOpWR+0TXm5xYHFgcWBx4PRxwPpCllsXrBfWGGFOOmet4UrfIuvnVHJgGQlOZbctouNAQknchlScAcC1224RyAsOjMem1vVnG2IfA7MpBkO4SfMsd+kcwE8LRcoCHnvqBz5lhlIDzrvNriv7z3d94mZIr47IF3dNmrLHmEDhuZpuLoItjPvxU3vRWXiWu5r0X+m6tbN33TuFd/qgb20wJh8aI9EUr4pfjA8/ZddYOXtQXI0baR5jh3FAPeL8/XgV39O1T2ssRx9cXLhKz5/43CLAi4kDHVx0CmcswDuvLHidxasTvi1w//33b68CSFNWW33LwE0BPK6+6DI+nfjrD30jXbjNXrJv0sSY5/UHMvVb3/rWVq+5ykjAIOZ7BeatVyfwmPGHMS9c2rB3aI22fd6KLw4sDiwOLA5cGxxITlvTuj2AMmHPXpa31lwb1C8qLoUDy0hwKdxbZa86BxJeCSmbVJtXp16uytrAuimQ0LLZdpL4uc99brseK8+pmk0zXDa1cOXCX3z5F8YB/KtvlBSPp6W7FeDr7b/wC7+wGQQoJJQRSo/+tDBxKWcUEN8xsDhdC67xol0tmBmd5DX2orV2xIfSr1cfLyiuT3/607f+9U0Cp8y+SeAEGz/i0xwfl4M/8DIEGFtve9vbNrnwcz/3c9uHBinG06lvKrXo2vfdpK+y6tDv4JX3gFNWXu0AI6105bu9MOGkV4YRgdLtZhRjGcOmbyiYGwyheEnRp8A/9rGP3a76P/WpT93mk7TZHng59c/XGapLHvkY7eKcdrl58cxnPnOr220Q/xbxxS9+cftXGDeBXvziF2+wn/rUpzaDhRsOjBTqUR+cnn07t0LrZ3FgcWBxYHHgmuPAMXk9Zfme4OD5HNjlTjcHlpHgdPffDU99QgkjbKhtpn0czYe0nvvc526bZyeG4Dw2zTa9NtcUTQYCV44pLTbxnepNvDc8ky+BAU49fUjS7Q4LBmOMp/et4zO+S6c0gqOsUDCciPrXCf3m1RDKpjiFqC/KXwJ5l1wU/YwWrs9T5ihuTlCdsLqhQkHijLkWV75yN4LTTn139nCK758B+PjEeIdH+jOlOb7w8SveXQqf4OIYol760pduMsJYO6Y8g6tfUugp4K7k++igMJnhNotx3TdN+PKUUZ+xbWwyQDphZ/Dymox6944RbJYlw6oHn7yiwTAAzhxStzrwxg0csosyTlHHS3UyfsTTfX3F4Yg30uI3vsSD/HDpM38fKZ2RlZz90Ic+dMZfH5Kjt95668afT37yk2e+8pWvbK95uCG057fy+/qja/mLA4sDiwOLA9cGB+YagSJrQa+kJcelBZcPdobFlzudHPjxXcvpbMei+iEONDH5ha835rR5rY0pYJQ1NwhsqCmYvgxO8UyYxQdCzubdadxP/dRPbQaCeS13D1+5G9G/UF5Q7lM0KFYUHV9FZ7ShKDnFZbTpanNj1ELDzThlx2sHjAIUDcqY2yEMBJShOQ6qF44UngulXdmLcZQ3H4zzXjh30+HL9K64a2+n1bUv/LWz+PXq107zS98ZG4wo+ENx168Z5+pPvMCv5rV4eIQv1sFJgd87uBsrwsatfyYw3siSbrToZ8YgRi/KejdawKKV4YDT5x7tBWf8ZqhsHKiHwcGtJq/PqB8vwDMSqOd73/velmdsG+94yODA+AQ/44A6fHNBGMzk0wzv27yPR5f0yuU3n+QxpvoLSXLWaw7z1ha60EL2ot2rEAwLvmcQjnDGbziXWxxYHFgcWBy4NjmQ7E5mWyuEOWuTp7zku7zShJc7vRxYRoLT23c3DOUJpARQPgYkwAgqX1C3cbWZdrXZZtbGdcIr4wTulltu2TbvPt5lI8uFawm3jR3bT7zb98Hk1z4s7kTU/7Dfc8892+NjkhSI17zmNZuSmJIffmWmk24xYiSgdPs4GuWNktmp7Own6TlljYeZVt7l9tHgtNeJ6qc//eltrDFiME5R4DISXO56Txs+fKIoe2+dYW46yjEHpg1I/T/hrkTYmHKNnyGA0i9u7DAOSO/GEWWe4u5hLOjvDdFJqeeinxxhBMsA+ehHP3r7SKDxCCY4rw18/OMf374twMBAuZaHju9///tbOqMGPB4GNjIND82BDA8njfPk2aXwbT+P1PuUpzxlo9PNHkZAc5zBwysdj3nMY8487WlPO3PXXXedeec737nR6XbQlLHaeBLNl0LrKrs4sDiwOLA4cHk5MNdkmK2ROeuTtc46yLXmFA9u+aeXA8tIcHr77oan3GYz5wTO9Vcf87KRfuELX3jG5txmlOAitDwJMbcMCL/c3AzP9PJvVD9+nST09YG8+iLeOYX1lXNfPH/g8A6zdL6Pnrn27W/SgsXb8Ew+Vyejj2f2UXTNsnB44H0klRAGEUpjfKBQ+jCmE2en5jeyq1/rS/Hc7EN963GrgE8ZneOjMpfb/+53v7v9ZSCDln5TP8NOckPfdvOFzMjwY3PEuCEPrR7ltMkrTwwHTvcpzl4DaDw2PrURHHh4xMkwfILTNzpe8pKXbPOEgYCxk0HTTYJuQ4QLTyZf43X+pfBMH4QbPvywKfTvIwwp7373u7e/tXRr4JWvfOX2itdznvOc7d9IGM++8IUvbHzwnQSvYMw+nf1/KTSusosDiwOLA4sDV44DZLU1zFpgjWxNYNxmNBC3PiTfy78ca9CVa9XCfD4cWEaC8+HSgrmqHDgmaBJChBKh5fTNyR+hZSPvHVnXmTnlw9HGVLxwAhBswk64fOEb1cU37ceb+CO9BUFeYelg8M7iMU9ZpadUKRN/pXPh3iLjhwIFf4qWcpUBJp+iVZ9WNPzFr4SPDsqPvz2kwBl/lEMnp67U3+iu8YAPwp5cY0Y/4Zsr7E7q8dNH99w2SSFW5qTxEb6L8eFUN+U3R54YT07AjTnKOZoYAfji+hZt0twaMa7FtSU5hH7X86U3hmt/46abTgwEjWsGMeXwwC0aYwkdPXA1F6I5vMX5x9Jm/vmEw5FxgIGAwx+0Geva53aFWxfJ31/8xV/cjGSMhT5y6Nsi+IF2OPV9/X8+dCyYxYHFgcWBxYGrw4Epq/fhGZ9rdGvH1aF41Xq5OLCMBJeLkwvPI8KBhFACSNyJ1r/8y79stwhssF3L9R6sjexeUWxzrXw4EnJgS9OY0h+Rhl2jleAHHnOTZ5E7+2OGKQ6uHvsi+n333bd9fM2rA05IO12Pv5Pn4Qg/H9yESZlyEssQQZlzkqvv9W99Hv6J63KH1UcBuu222844LaUk+d4FJakr1pe7ztOGb46faG+u6Vcfe/Sa0B133HHmm9/85mZscYr+ute9bjuFn30/x8cMh/dCfYq4my0+qug2yDQ4uf7PCEAx9pAnHuke4y2DgvZwxhzFOVd6cge89sDjY4OMARTpjAjKg2V0YJBIKYdPez2N6/hSunhp1X+pfu1DRzRGvxsOb3jDGzYDGUMAIwBjAp6+5S1v2V4vuvvuu7cbRW4euIkRH9AV7kulcZVfHFgcWBxYHLgyHGidzbfutdZM/8rUvrBebQ4sI8HV7oFV/8NyIMH0cEBeMfj85z+/nWS5xu6EyybcpnZuSlNM2lS32Q53Ak9cWfE9TLA3ko8PeMbFu3jFx1d8ypdGaWcQoBj4cJv3l/XN4x73uE35uRD+7et3Ldz1cAqId6H9iwUFXb9T3uqz8xk7F0LHMVh1OFn2njajCKNFyh26b3TXmIgPjaP6SLpr6XfeeeeZj33sY5uRxfcr3EBhVKJwx8c5DsJ3qb6+Y2Ti0MqhbY6dY22IJnKGKy48y852ygseDEMag9mE35cXT5medcx04X09cHr26WAvxKE3+qYsTbb6hwqGDt8m0Ge9xuW7CV73+sQnPnHm3//93zcD7tmzZzcDkPrRFS8uhJ4FuziwOLA4sDjwyHEg+V+Nc01pnSlv+vtyM2+FTw8HlpHg9PTVDU/pFDrCNu82q74O7uvybhQ4vXX6x9nUgrG59kzhJg4HV5jPSZ8b4i3xBv+JN/zCe+UpftdPThYpepRmfeN01Ecj9Q8c+/LHWByu4JXxwbdvfOMbZ7785S9v73HrV1f9KSis3Jy06DyG93KlqcMYVJ/2cnNcXa56Tiue5hye1N/1S33L0EORdAvDGMJPtwv61wDwlbncfAgvWqL1WB3RKq8ywtKPlQ1++uDPx0384KcyHQ9LD394xTk49niCuRBffeHRL5w+Sj7yvW7RTQNzXBlOutdwHjh8i4ThhzHX6xVgJ50b8PpZHFgcWBxYHLjmONC6aB0gtxmtc/Zbc31qPuySugAAQABJREFUPWrNCG75p5cDy0hwevvuhqA8YdOmskbbiBJWf//3f3/m3nvv3RTGm2++eTvRdWKdS8A54aWMOO1y2tz7xnu8ylXn3JCHb/lnNsW898e9f+3WwE2HU/yzh5NCp6MtGngrz6libs/bFpV9/owHoy/1I4XSh9Jcceb8q4D6/Wc8xeRYn4bvcvvGSArTxK2d0T3Tb7RwPMCP+DTT8MNpOmPSP/3TP23vsetnNwgeib7c0yLONU6FkyHBSitcP4t7wEpLUZ54ClO28WKPo/zS+Vz44PZMuTTLBLsVOvxMuNIu1J9tr//gCHe0upHRjYfSfLDx2c9+9pmPfOQjZz7zmc9s8xW9/v3DNx2i/UJpWvCLA4sDiwOLA1eeA8nyfDXag4l7GPLFWw/megF2yXhcON1uGQlOd//9YKOpGU1cE/N6mpxtqrWRMKp9vp5/++23b0YCp9VPfvKTN0WRYjqd92S96/ztb397O+31fiwYm974lD/LJfBm2vUWTvjzOXxosy+e8BfmxH2539Vwf/vnY2U+FPmyl71su/bvyv3kqzIPx9tjecrkoq84H336hkFCmBHCLQLGn+n2ZWcbJ9y5wnseGI9uRvTBOzQ4IXWKykCiTfu6z1XH9Zp/rH/3aTcdDDz+4tINE98WcSuEcumdfafOczzGW/y9HPNzT8s+Pvtl5s1wdBxLq/zMS9meacfCM6064JvhY/hLOwZX3oX6kxZlwz37QbvmuDcnvHLkBsE73vGOzQikP1/xildsf1HbjSL49vjhOZa+Ja6fxYHFgcWBxYFHhANTpquwQyAy2x6sbxTIC3Yvz+Utdzo5sIwEp7PfTqT6epycbT4JoDan/s3ggcM11u985zubwubjcT5W6IYAmGlM8OXtf/3Xfz3z1a9+dXsdgVIybxucyMwbIMN4wdeEuyanxAjHb/zkwOP99773ve1xM8OH1yh3Tgh9tK8raJdjLIYDfWiwQDll1t9uMzAA9Tdz9Xs0V3Yj/CHa4eHy9zBb5u4nfNEgzoLuFZf/+q//2trLUKHtXqcIN/988O+qu+GijDs+gvesZz1rM/g4ZfbxUcYCfd54nHN68fXaGCb1wxzrhc0Txjt9y5DopghjrVsjjIkMtcFqzQzDK77c4sDiwOLA4sDV4UDyvdrF7cHIdusxGX2SnJ7yvPLLP30cWEaC09dnP0LxfhLLPGnS/kjBUxIhiFLS8p3kOs32H+fedfU1bV/Z9iX9TpPxALyrUN/61rfO3HXXXWc+9alPbR/Re9WrXrUpdvOGwilhxxUh0xhqHCXY8+N/vGcUYCT4n//5n+3VDeWcqnsFQJ84XXdNnKvs5SBaPWjg++cAH0t74hOfuL277lozow/lMjrR7wTayeV0ysu7WEdh9a8KH/3oR898+MMf3r6N4K82nXy/8Y1v3E5OwUTHxdZzI5XTR+bw2cPrKow++GcjUj/pM64xmX8j8ehabWt9cxJ9DAGMP2TEu971ru2Doz4y64OHXjPpGyLKz7kpfC7cJ9W50hcHFgcWBxYHrgwHply2x7KPttezbs+8Gb4ylCysjwQHlpHgkeDyI1THnJRtsB+hqq9YNZSt2RbCyJfynUr5YKFTqV/+5V8+c+utt25KBoHFEVjK/eM//uOZT37yk9u3C1xvdUJJodwrj1esAdc44qlw4a2HYwzAI3y0EKSgu17mJP/xj3/89kVzXzV3SshA4yaBj/eF83IpyuGLlWhSp1N7SqV+7QocWI+662NxrvmRH75z+dVvbKnHtxDuueeeM1/5ylc2nG40ePXFPywwXMx6L7Suc9FyPebH3/qscVM/avM06Ek3ToO7HnlyPbSJ3Pjf//3fTZYw7JEpDIhu4dx3+FtU89d84epr8yU5pH/X/LkeRsJqw+LA4sBp5EBrc7SL23O1/pLPntZi+blkevHln04OLCPB6ey3G4rqKWwII6fY//zP/7wJp5/5mZ/ZTpb7GzMKZI4wc7rtVQM3CpxWerw7ziXogr8RfQJ+CnY3AfDMPwgwCPjWA6NAPMMjvGYQAONU3Uk+44uTQQpyG3tKQsr7pfIWjeEt7NaIZ9IPJrj6t/jF0AB39TW24KW0eloctRXv+Jej3ouh9TSWmTyM/gwC8VbcSTTeMgg1xmZfV3b5jywHmhtqLaxfhBkFfNjUd0u8kuTGDeMi2e11JX99SY7oU655U79vietncWBxYHFgceCa4AC5Tk57yHm+tCn7I/RS9l3hWP7V58AyElz9PlgUnIMDNo0JIqCutvsIoXSvDjztaU/bPhwnLzgCysbUZtQpr/QXvOAFZ2655Zbtf+1TRJS5kR0hz+El4wteuUbvXyPkuSr82te+9szjHve4H1wNdhr4nOc8Z9vwUwQo6m4QuO4/r4lfLgNBixE6hRsP+0Wohav0Y3AtZnDNsPgxFy64w+c9a3xxg4ABSpzyc/ZwXT4F9nxwH6vvRkvL8IJfHB5z4h6GPsrkP/zDP2zff3D67F8sGPsu1/jaKlw/F8WB5sexwmQs+fu5z33uzH/8x39shkRyRB975cANL3OnfyWBQxn58C4ZfYyrK21xYHFgceCR4cBevpPN1my+PZE1uDiKWsejbl++9OWfHg4sI8Hp6avzprQN9nkXuIYB2ygmbPx/upNu11i9NuBjcU6ouBQ5sE4dKXEMCowFbhwwJvi4ofx4FN5rmAVXlDTCPmXMV8i/8IUvnPnEJz6xGQxU7BTQTYGzBwX4UY961LY4WBQYBTxcC0O8jL9b5iX+1KfRWX3VKa4+cF4/8Y0Kf3XpVgOafbvgUpRJ9dSumkJB/c3f/M1NUfUhNrct3KQwxjISROe+bDiW/6McaMzEb3GPU+c777xz+ws98/4nf/Inz7zuda8789KXvnSb+8bFctcGB+ZYFyYnGHXcJvA9GAYDN5KkMQ74Voy5etttt21GR8ZGZXIzXNryFwcWBxYHFgceeQ60NttPZSSwP/eUh6q5DjzyVK4aLzcHlpHgcnN04busHGijSAh5fI/AppOQopztr6qqnNDy3mvvw7oef/YhhZEAY0Ag6CiWN7pAS7jz8dU3Bmzc4ws+4jlDS31QXvGpqIUvmEsdDBM3nCfh9w8W3RrxCgSF3UfRKCTKGUfKXqirHbNeuBim/L0bA4pXWRisfuInfuJHlJzKXGidNxI8Hnn0c/1b+81jRj6GGH1r3kr7/ve/v73mYk57JWa5q8sB/XfMkbH+oeL//b//t2X7JxD/guKjhebK17/+9a1vM+TqyzkGmnvHcK+0xYHFgcWBxYEry4EOadTSfsZa7UnunySng7+yFC7sV5oDy0hwpTl8FfCbtCdN3KtAziVVmaDRngcOf3nolPvLX/7y9nrBox/96B+8ZlAl4Clx3mF2TdmX+N0g8PV5J8DcNDxU7iR/LyTBxdvypj95jxZPArVycChD4eGcPnPhkZ5SS0GnhDKG2GxLn/nKiVOSKfTg/D95dMDJ4YMP7uEh44lNur/tu+nwd5CUaTTapNvY+yI5eGlO/pzwoYGrDbNftoyHfsqfaZczfAy/Vx7+9m//9swf/dEfbYoHWn/6p396++cDvPXRtOjFDw8+hqu86KwfivPxQroyHjw5e1BSPbmJ5xiO4Jb/Qw7UBz9MeTCEl8YzxdJHShkI9IGx62OkxrG/vjRmwXLh2scfxPjg/Kr/Zl+Vv/yL40B835fWN+SLWx++X3L//fdvN0LMPTfA3L7xN6JuL7ml9NznPvdHPnwavvpq75d/Lr9y4IQ5NJdOfhhPbiGRtwyAZKO/bmy8PNx8Ds/ErY7ShU+rm23Yty+ePBzMaW33ontxYHHgR1//s/6a69blDtqknST/T0pffD1dHFhGgtPVXzcctQSN95I5p1Dve9/7ttPFN73pTT/yl4eEFdeGhZLrqjIF+uabb96us1KeU/TA2qyey+3xgq+O8hKGxcMp3RM834bU+7nf+c53NmHrpNsptI8DeqefQ+N//ud/btfnvYv9f//3f1u+Ezgb107m4LP5dm3XZttpP0PIM57xjG1zTpFFE/7B41sDf/VXf7W9rgHu9a9//fb4pwDGARv3F73oRRu98CnHwPKEJzzhB6fk+KlN+7bW5qvhazdFEh/wl3PyLI7++N+mVr60/NmWDDDyJvwGfPjR9tLjBVzT6AB2wlV2+RfGAf1y9mCE8Q8mNiY+DOn2kPkinQGrvoBZGN89x9xJ6cdgV9rl4QADJOWffPvgBz+4/SuI15oo4v6V5ud//uc3Wfje9753M+w+73nP214RmvOzfpt++aU9HLVgwPMnfGFGp3vvvXejgxGKHCbz/FuJ7yVkdK0OuDzGZ3TIC580soFMvZ7dlJuznfFhpq3w4sDiwOnjAFlmPh+b01P2nb6WLYrPlwPX9yp2vlxYcNc0B2y2fFTPNwa8l0whc83baXgniQmxNm6MBB6wZw8KhXdg56YmS+i5Gp6QPAZX3lRO0CHdEy3BUbpd6Xei5jaEUytK/5Oe9KRN4bE5BUvR/e53v7t93MsGVjmbbOlO3Lw+Ac6JudsB9x3+Tszf8dmY/vd///fGF8YHRoLgfGAPLvzTdqdmrm17tSBjiW8MuKbvuw/qscF32nfTQ7cN8ECb4vVUqI/x55FKQ78nutQr7kZEhhJp6J1jALxnKpr1mfRg8bDybqjgD8VhvuqyARx+wjVpKW/55+bA5Jt577q6j2Qai+a/eexv8xi5uoEz+6c0NTU+5cM7cc/wualaEBfLAXzWd2S1mx9eZ3Jqz1DK2EO+MHSK+xjt2YOsNrfI9ebSrLu+lHY+fdjYCHbGhX1zxY0zshAdjFBkog+4Gj/i6GaQAu+ZMnDSIU89nmTqpP20h7VLG/cu3u7T48c+fcUXBxYHTicHkm3tjZKFyYB8rVvz/3T28Z7qZSTYc2TFrykOJGgouW4S+LK+k29KQifqBBM4yi8lwebSiRCFDjyFt1P68J3vKU9CrzowZ6aJtyF05d+pdvmUSIpqNEmn/P/pn/7p9u8B4h6bVDBO19DJGOB93T/7sz/b2oRmjlHAyRaDgXJOVin7f/M3f7O92wvGZpsiRdnXdk5b++AjHinL8OB0dvIBPEOBjTsaMjJMxUvZXO0ufjV8vLGBf+Yzn3nmV3/1VzcDjH53K8I/ELg2nNPWeDnb0YIX3MxLUcE3V9+/9rWvbTxnhHHaqB715+BqjE085S//3ByIf8aXk2Zz/RWveMWm0JnzlEtzOiOAPgLbPDN2KabnGp/Vc26KFsSlcED/MPZ47YBx9z3vec92as9g4JYIWcUA5OOGFHXz98lPfvL2PRH1zn6a4fOh6dgclMZYm+xksDW3zWVzmuFV2j333LMZXcln/8rA0GGuk+mcdk38aPO0cb5QWs+nPVcbZrYXLcfaeCztatO96l8cWBy4cA4039sHwWAf1Z7Jvsg63Fo8535lL7zWVeJa4sAyElxLvbFo+TEOEDpuEfzd3/3ddv3edwh+5Vd+ZTvdSVApRCBREgirb3zjG5vS7DTK19ApdCm6Ca4pzH6s0gtIIDw5m05/G0hht/m0kfQuvOvuaJ7KIwU9pzyaCV5P+JxgMRr4CB+aKew2qNoR7eBtvvuCP4EtzIgCVj4nnRLttQXv/6rD6Zjrvspz0uKnOuIlHOrzlF/9W8Gr/FN/4vHv/d7vnbn11ls3Y4p+xwd9j17tozSCF66ccG72EZ5puzT9xUD1xS9+8cy73/3ubRzi7/Of//wzv/M7v7P91zsc1yJ/attp9PWXvnNzxkOZbB7P8QqGwYth0O0c80m/+4cLxoL6+jTy4HqguXlFhlHCGVM95pNXwrxG5WH0/Ou//utNMX/lK195xqsHDEL6r01ofcm/EDkEFg4+48RnP/vZM5/+9Kd/8I8LPkLqRpf6/APO2cONBgZdr1153PgiMz1usjCoateUJcWjK/8092H81pa9k1bfygM74Qvvy6344sDiwOnigLmcPCPzkgfWaA85wK05f7r69XyoXUaC8+HSgrlqHCB8KACuhboG6oN0j3nMYzalAVEJrnwbTe+jU+oILCeOFLqUwTY1Kebn07D9BlWZ0uBzwk9BcY3WhtL3BtRJ0bTpPHvYcDIaoBE9NqH+rs+JJ0XWzQCbzpRSNxCUcWug9+zFnYrbaCewwVOGKMg2vvA99rGP3U5eGRmikaLEeAAfw4nbDngIthsW8SHc4oQ/J630wtLjufDVdOjEC7xmWNFuJ84USnlort8LR2/peOK2hXGij+DjtBGMceW00esa4DyMQQxYYNQTP8BzcBXeEtbPUQ7ok5OcvAw2+jMeBy+uv33Dw20jPqcPnf5mKAh++g9X74Rb4YvnQHMgXpsP5ill278akFsMlW4wkYNuEZhjvjFC3jEOkY2V3/f/+VKmnDkNv++zuBHk9oJ5ywDgFQdznAxXFyOjMtYehlo3HBiBjTX0KkfGNL+jqzi6Zvh86bzW4eoHdBbmt77OtGu9LYu+xYHFgYfnQHKteW2eOzQhBzkyTl75E1tlZ9oKnz4OLCPB6euzG4piypvrnjZvFG+n85Riyi5HOE1h5GTKB7IYCZyUnz0o1zZ1hBnBFmxK4Pkw04aQayMEV2nSKTHeaXVd1k0CNHMUSRtfRgFXppWx8f3t3/7t7WTfhhVtTkgp7dHESPDsw78x3HT4FgDjiI0qZQcuV161gWMwwAsbWld5CW8b6q7Fqg/NeMRIYMP9+Mc/fuMDIwJ+TgdvG1vheBXMPg735ENwj6SvzZ0ud9viWP14UP/NBU3fURZ8r8HY0Qc+3qhPaq82UiI8eEhhUJe4VzviQXXEw/xj9Ky0H+cAfnOzf8Tjr/z6BG/1J58S54aHj8/pS+PBvH/jG9945g1veMN2mwCeygov98hwYM6B5IW5RfaQWx/5yEe2W2Lkk29PkE9uGLhRQGlX/ubDh2eNgX3/7cfJsRaR+XB4yFu477jjjm1NYWD1ipJ5zADwmc98ZrsRxsDk469uDJDD5LnbaW4e3H777Rttbiy9+MUv3mQt2va0oJXbpx+j8TSkzXYkR/EUf7VfuDZrT+FZ7jS0c9G4OLA4cDIH9vPZAZk9mH1UMpos4PawJ2NdOdcyB5aR4FrunUXbduXzq1/96na6ZOPvme+EJpBsSlz59y7/fYcP+VEUnFhRvoWnMplyocy5BFmwNkOuyHIURQJxbpakO8m3sW2DRIBy4tWFdhtQV1vbBDvNR0d1gXUi7jnmJhxl1aYWbMpyZeBp8ybM+ODhxHNt9KSVHj2TP4VrNx5cbafN8WPSoh3RW/vEZ7pybgL4x4e77rprMyw50dRvr371q39g2FGGkeYpT3nKdmPESaR3q1/+8pdvY0y90bCvc9K0wj/OgdkfP577oAGO4Sa4+hBsc5/Rxrx3+ly+fmVQ1JeVzT9Wz0q7MhyYPG9uSCPHGUjN37/4i7/YbuX4FoBvEXiNh8Lub00ZRn0jBSwXDuGJW/yYS0YZB15ZM8/dzvKti5e85CWb0VbcGmNeG2vWER+ANa7IAa9ImP/q+8AHPrB9UNa3X+QzQllnWg8mfTN8jLbTlkbGMVh7rKfi1jMGZ+3X3vrkemv7aeurRe/iwOXgQHPaXG+Ok5GtveS3Rxo3532y4HLQsXBcPQ4sI8HV4/0Vr/k0TdKULEyJbkq0U0KbRxsTyvQ8/SaoKseS6fqqv9ciqCh7Toj4HEGWm+WqS95JYSdJXidwlRlutwEo5QlKwpPhwKsDaPSvCpwNlM0txXzilucmxP596fDlgzvmyk8g82f7KjPzS8svTxz93EwTrx5hrvx9+oO5V+c3A0DjYFKB5/Ll8dHNx/vK6Vuvh7hFoI8Zgryu4gYHBaWFUb/6sBklRj+7GeLVF0Ya9cSTeBRPJz0r/OMciF9yZjjIY5uPY3D6eKbrE30w0+sjebM+cWXzqzu4Y7DhPamcdDDq3OMNP3/mBS99GjWDiZ59O4/VRR7Gu4lrX+eMU6ThUs78qHx0NYfATFrKh6t5Fc3HaMUT9JGPvkVgXpGt5qA5R2a6WWAOSifXXe0nL8OrrnBXp7RjDn3WkQcOt9HgVO7swUjhJgNF3001t77cCrrpcHvLuuNVIv8YQ86r1+0stPrQImOUMm4fuPkAxjqjXZMX0TJpLu1K+bOuSUvppcWz0tEjj9MOBm9yUr6+Ko/xrVfbzC/txkc84Iw1/KoeaTM865thcMstDiwOXHscIC/JhJywNPPafCcfjs3l5HPlln86ObCMBKez364bqtusEDwEDcFj88EoQHnz6oArot5hpaDZyCWQ8n2szLcAXAf1N1reRX7605++ndg75eCqJ8Yl9MIhfQq1wjbOrr760JWNIdqcQvl4onf8GS1spimML3vZyzb6ffBKuo9hubLqWuusr7qqI5qWf+Ec0B9cvDR+ClMAvP5hTEjzaob+OHtQECpn0+uKOgNBTjmPvrdRbpPrxob/fDeWGAfgmOOn8st/5DiA/xRIp81OdymVlE+GPDcJmv82MvV54yMqZ3z2p/QZBy/uaT6HY+bJV1cwE390SGtc5YMvzOgnHC74wxPMTKsu8ODIJHCUPe/4w4dPlLrwgEWPOeA03StT8FCUyVuyVrlwUw59SwU+Zck8SjN+58Jd/CQ/AwQDgRN98t7NAa+MwItueJ3+v/e97z3zghe8YJPp+nO2H/76tXTzEx3ohpfRjxwgx90SOHuY/9J9xNVraQyDZIPbXW6egfHvBtafz33uc5uRwisS5LjvF/ioIiMC47VXF9xA0A6vlVGYwakfPXy8ql/Olz8n8e1Yeu2e9VRf6155fGkM2Qwn8Ugcz72SwUiCP+C67aa/xN2wMF4oB+AZwBlN9RkjCiPPNH5HW3TX/ugrffmLA4sDp4MD5ECyzVwnG+a8rhWlFV/+6eTAMhKczn67bqhuA9pmQpxyZoP2/ve/f1PObdps3mziunaKATYyNrY2f/2rgBMfmzhKPFiCyoakepQTn/VJS+hNwQbOhthfYdmo2hRxNpA2VTbTrppybhJ4jcDHADuRk9aNgQ3o8BM94mujFFcu3tdvXP1b/9nc2rz7G0n/ea5PnPr94R/+4XYLAO8533CgTFJ+nDJSQmx2zx4UCYYe+FJClNGf1dEY2hCNn9WvgxlXOKgvzh766k1vetPWj24S6SOKC4MQpz9SSoXrn/pvP/fLn6TbGE3FX15p4HONQ/HGZuNFGhwzLk2Z6tyH5XOU+dkG45k8IgOlU6i1W/k2cQ8cTs7JUcZNMG6/MHB6VSZFDj0++GiekGuUPwaC3/3d390Uc7extEM93/zmN8+8613v2pR5db3uda/bHspxddd+baz9pfGlaat6hSmZzz68928eUrC/9KUvbXSYe+Yi2e/VA4o8Hjz1qU/9wal1/H+QQz/8hZvTFm3/5Cc/ub1SxIjE0KderxdQiMlwxmfGP0ZfdeKrf6UhP9wmgIORGI3a6tsJ2iLdbYIPf/jDW5/im3+RsU7hNZ7gQ/09xwn66nPhy+GqB67C8cJ6pQ/ND0ZscXl4SlbGXx8H1n488m84Hm1lLDKG4MUjRlK3L4wJfDROrH8vfOELt3nIUMLNNsPJwRd9W8L6WRxYHDgVHDCfW1/MYTLFWmRuz3kNrrRT0bBF5IkcWEaCE1mzMh5JDhAwbSLUa0PnY1E2iTZcFDdKd8IHjFNDJz1uENj8UAzcIqCo2wza1LRJIdBmuM1Tgkz9ubn5JADbOAXjiroNkrKVVxecNuvqqT4+GL6H2/vVu/wL50B9ouTksz7wbwROP/Uh58ZJ4frDyaobH/rTGDJubPL5jclZB7z170zfKjj8yOOC2SLr54pygMLrRJsiwzBoLrqurg9T1IwNfaLP9vNPfPZX+ZNoczuY5ry0whOW/IBjjo99WuXCOWkoDGc0axMHD8WO8dINGAoewyhlN5zqpeg5Jaf4UwrlOQVHMwUOzzj4zQv4lBGHl8FMPRx8ypO3cIGX5oTeqwBubfRKFfho1g4Pl0ydPJEOL4OAk3jv/jul5tzsIfv1qVd90MfgQb5zaMMT5Tl4PequTiflXg3wUVJtcyWe7MYzSi66GQYYBNxE6d8K4GX85cNFAWZEJCPID4qzfPTio1sYbhbgjfq1lVyxHkUnGqNLmNvHH0y98F941JuLB+jAEzTgBYOGf3XwWod2aC/ea4NxoQ8ZAMwd84aRRVvhk68vwFiHheWBwxtjwndB9BUccINRLrfv+8ZE+ctfHFgcuLY4kCyJKrKmRxoZuZ/X0ieM+HKnlwPLSHB6++66oJwwsWFJ2Nj0PXA4AXOiZNPh9MbHodwMsDkBb+PBiPChD33ozDve8Y5tA0Q5cIrz+te/fttwtmkCP11x9QgTcDYrpYvPjY2NpRMiBgsbQZtLBgun0gwC4BOk4ShevdI9k6Y9TLDLvzAOzI1mi5W+9dis+uCYa8H6zcZeGqc/lNW/ThGdJorbBOtXLnyz3+rjxs8G+NDP6tPJjUcurC8oO66Mm5v1kf6oT+pLfezU1AmINHKH7BAGC5f5T0ECI06pNG6MIXkTFgxlllJLKaJQklPGEac+8OCc3lI0OeOObINPHWDU6VS2OtEGD4ULbRx4xi8f0GMcVcarVWSktucYNl3Vf/fhXx/g5MgwNGZwRdtsc3VQcNWbIUFZsMGLg41ePhff+fIpp9qF5tLAxWN5xc1TN8Ao7GT/3Xffvd0Ako5XDBTay5jgJB+N6oADPi769YUbZtYP/54gjIden8A7ZZ73vOdttyAYl4ydWV4Y712dv+lgfPFvJ4wmXodw60I/khEMDP7lgBHCaxJuPKCRccaaxvjIUEBxxgM4r4TD28YQ/MJ4QYn3kH9uRLhRgSf6ET36GH+NQ7KRUQ29jAT6vvEHJx4xLnmE4YeH0cW4shbrN7cqjHXOfGREgAtN6Gwc8NGw3OLA4sC1zwHzNWfekqFkgHBx+cngCV+55Z9ODlyZVet08mJRfZU4YOOaULEZs7l1cuTky98Yvva1r902L8HYqN13+AcD75rbyDnRufnmm7e/pLKJ5OYJjriylW+TJN2m0cbdps/mJyWSEARvU+Qr9k6dwII5e/bsdu3U5mpuzvYCsvrywa6NEa5fPtdiFUa89tiYUzhsUG2QbXgpR64L10/6Qp8Yf/qZkzf7q3FQHr86hJe7uhwwl6fTN6Xt5xqFxrdLPvaxj22KHLhnPetZ2zvx3qlWVhlKDtlCDnmMCUZBV92NH7ICLOOB0+M777xzk0fGin/A8Ld64DMqMCI40fcvGuApZq5lu57tNSq4KJWur7u+7bSXQdJrAf5mj/GT4QFt5JrT8U984hObEq0sIwBD5tmDXDLupaHRmCYfKcnaSuHVTsqhOHzaRn7edtttW90UfjAUXHCcOaIt0vDQNXzlGW4pghTw4MC6DUCpd7rMAEPxZDzBHw594PZzFy0UeUo5+imtFFB9wbDDMOCfELSfocB8ZkAIL5yMx/rX39FS3r1DD6++Ul4f9s0aPOOiBV0ceGEyQzspuninD9wyggtv4cMveLwqgT9utrlZwMihz/HSOqY8g4Q1A75Zzxa5yJ9orbgbE3jvhod10uPmgH4zNhiUMlbof+0z9oxR48hYITPhQScYTvsYUvEPH3Jgnn14XUS+9n384x/fDDNuLZC/eOJ1LuMArTk8x+N4XvryFwcWB65tDpC3zVvrERmSHCpd3JNsvrZbtKh7OA4sI8HDcWflXXEOEDBtRAgVG0wbHJsIH4tyWuNkYzqCCZxNmg2ajarNvo2YchzF75hLmMljHLApeuBwcwEum3JGBpup6WxcGQdsDm2wbGA91QEnNwVkRoo2oDN/Az78TFpKW/6FcSCeVwpP4yvFxKsnNrU2wpQO4ZQTZQvP8sLywl0fhrf80iu7/EeeA8kOfVGfSdNXXH1oPlKCKN++UeGqPAWPws4QGRx5RKGiXN1///2bwk5BNvcpQpQ+Tn3KM2Y6Yaa4wkHB6uOWbZDAkjEUXq+0UDC9QkW2waGMsuQRhY5y6co/gwQjAtlWO41jp8PKcdpJoZtyVFg+eUY+CoPxPQKKHPk2aUMPBZCBVDsZRJ0sk2/hxQNymMKnfEY3cGgIDn2MqZREvDHn5CnD6AC2uoWLhwNespgBgLKrH5zMo9/jlQOwDBPgPPinf9UrX38wEPj4aP1KfpPj+o9RxFqRAwNnrjK1SZ40dcHDqZNrDSBrrEPWJcYRxiWGDeXwRNi4QoMH/RlhNkQX+ROteKrv8MwYMh6NIWspw7sxoJ/JP31hTBpT+CZPWbiEtVu6dqO5tuO/9Fw44LFuGl++3ZDhXb42aiu+WTNz6J08L335iwOLA9cOB5IvyUCUmdfNXfLP/N/DiZd27bRmUXIxHFhGgovh2ipz2TjQ5rcNmQ2N0zQnFK5yOjGyeU0ogXM6ZiPuVMcm30kVGMKrDehJBCa8bH6cUP35n//5trGB34nIW9/61u20Rf3hg9sGMRrgKMwvLuxBQ3S0GapedIX3JBpX+vlzoH6YfTB5TrEzPhpf9ZcaCitbvLLlSS9fnr6rrtK3wgOu+MRR2vIvLwcoLRRLfcM1t/RNfVV/uYLv/WlPCpxTX6fPDJKUGPKIokcGOa0nJ+DxbQuyxk0BCk99SxGVJ26MUcykKZfcUr8TbUozGKe2jJP8Od7U65QeDsoaRY+yzXjgBFodlHWKLqUeTnUxJlDSKGRo1QZKK1oZBShteERJpLSjC03NCTjBUZyVpwCDz8VH3z6A10k8HsAT3+O92xBO0V07p6CCe+Mb33jmbW9722YYCScfDR5O26pTfRlrKbVuC9x3uDnW1/jdDHIjxPP7v//7myHQOPAxQh+YZWRxGwRueLXNvyN4xYCBYJ5qy4+GjZDDT3xpbSpdXHv38PLRDi+jjrFFWdc/Hv1pjHFkkTXtlltu2YxEGRu2zIv80QYGMO2+6667NiOJVyKMV48+y9iir/UjWuUxWOCvsW+MybfWMSTMdoLPuBHPZt8rB96YZhRhUNBPjGLmktt4+G8MNkbDc5HNXsUWBxYHHiEOzLlKPrYmmOtkr/heNs4yjxCZq5orwIEf7gSuAPIbBeWcDMKcBbP0JtRcdC8Xb6oDvsIm637CXmx9tWeWr23SalN1T7h9GEwbBHninmh1msFIYFPrBMwm1+aEq06wNjTyZ53hmTgTXBuC3Y86bDwpAk7mOFdFbb4ZIWy8a9veB7tP28fRmXu4vGCWf3EciLdKCxfPD2sb/pk+w5WffmUnXP0604Lb++cDsy+z4hfGgRTLStU/4sLJXv1PIXMaTkky/+Wb6046GQW55IhyNkPhUDYFO7lDSaaAMjBQYClWrmPfdFC2KcdcY8DNAXBOuCln5BcFOFzaQYFi1KLsMxJQ2tAabfBF86//+q9vOBg+4KVUq0s+By98HrLsmJtzQrj4HjacaNRGz3Tq4vCr99+d/qOHTGeMpbTWVrCFKxufxNXHp5T6W1nyXju9769fOHHyu9c6nN6LM6zgL3yUc/zzrYO+uo+31Q0PuEnDsTUj2oLnc8FmVJCGdgq77yIwRuEVvjEA4UWGHUaim2++eTNa6LtuOE28wlz0Vs+kV13q8Q8//i7YDQb1GKtowXcwNvKMBQxMbjzgkbmQsUDceDbm8Eiba9+DVDz4i4Z4NvkiF364zQXtBcuA5tWPBw43aRiQvD7TxycbV7Oe2jrrLC1fXjwQnnRMGHnTzXpKDz6/9OnPchOuMJ+bdMzyK7w4cFo50BhvrmpH41xaBuXSgj/f9s65pYw4XOGTtp9f+ziYvZt0zDC4fXxfdsV/lAPLSPCj/Ljg2H7AzcFd2GQC5+FKv+DKjhSYuISro/pm/pHi50wK5x5P8SZ5cBBGg3bL54TB2IhOQRAe+TYWTsY4GxWbw+mCLU28+qXNesXh5KJhlnfSYfMkTzl5rk45AXQKNfFuSNbP4sDiwKnjQDLIfGYMcAWfwu6UmxLjujxFOmODNMoSGLAUG6ekFDlKK0dWJEsoWZRwRgdwrslT9IXhUj8lX5o8yr8yjAtOlbuuTgahQz0UNYqeMmgIRp3gxNGtPbVLGS5Zlr8lXsEfbcy4oG3d7IhWVZPjaI5n0ma+8MQzaWds0RdegcAfSrY2c+ry2gh+4pfTe3goqnijH5XJiGJNUXbSId46AWfhfTqauOgWB8uv/fKMI2nWEIYMPHFSTwkvnRLtlQhrjXy8MR7wCczeRa/6Jl3a6nYKw4C/AMaLxg3jF1qsp+rDD6+KuH3HQIUmacapevEZf7rZMOuZ9NRW+XMtR5vx6qYGA5G1PNdrIuaBvmLAQF8unhfPxwttr/3iHvAzLXh+6cKV53P7esqXp5x4aXs8YHLaLr8yx2BnWuWWvzhw2jhwbByTK+YS+cOBCS7/fNvZnGxOFVe+NSGcwRSvjub3TD8p3PxW9iR84V3+gxxYRoJLHAkNxgZqfukGosW0eNXt4Uq/HD7c4b8c+Cbt4W4y86WBCY5f/eWb8MLyKmuThzdgbf589MiGx2a8v+sK50ntCNeeBvDRAMcejw2RDfjZs2e3TQ06bNBtvp3qLLc4sDhw+jmQXLCxoRT5DgBF6NmHV4vcIHI9nBwIjhyg0HnViTLjun/KPwWI3OCSLeSUfxa4+XAqTNaTH5QleJJ9TpOf+MQnbietTrcpZf5yj5EgB1Y519ApbK5t33S4kdA3AKIPPGWLjMxood7k4N4P/5XytZNDH974BohXwfDWVXOn1d5V73Utchis9cApMyUXDkqrfkjJboMIt9NvNwq4L37xi1s5CjaF2JV2tzP0ETzq9mqBvnMrDU1OruHPoSGexS95x9ao4KK7ftjHlVe/saPPGI30H0MBHOjjM0659WAceCj2ruO7EcFQoE+tP/DoZ/yIx+p0M8BaiW9w+f7AA4dTek+3PIyrDF/GkjGpD3xokqFqjrvag370cdJy+3z8iidgxIOn+PtoJ/rd+tAvXrOwzjOG+BaIOLpf/epXb+stQ442Tt7POsOt7bMu6Z76L7h86cpwE25LeOinPgxu72fwwv/aDKZyE5dwde/TV3xx4HrggPHd+NcecfPak7wORn7zSfhcrnkMj3Liyb3kUjATV3NuX9ekI/h9GnzS9unBL/9BDvx/Bwb9cEVYXLloDpxroMn3HBvoF13pKOi0wFednSj4qrDrqBbg/eQZRc47ONtmwsLpcUJgo2bTY0GV1jtKwdjM2eyY8IQJOE7YaYvNExjv4nqfFJwNuseGM0HxcMRO+sDt49Kiuz5Ap02sv62ymUGvVw1spGyi0Lzc4sDiwOnmwJQFM5zsokQ5yS0vOaHVZFu3jZzUd8oabD5YYWXJd7Jk5snPwQkGLjAc+Om6yUQGgT22ZkSnsoUnrpPqn/VcjvC+nq6/u/ZPUWaYIccppxT22urU31/yeUWAIk2RJ/Od+usTbcppv/XCqwz+IYKSKc4QAQ+FWRmvFDAmMMDoUw6e/RpC9jvpls5gYw2Kx9pjjbImMTIwZMDltYXWhQlbe9RTOtoo8ww9XgVwG8X6jB8PHJR59MIPd+UYURgIKPR4gB+M1vimfvTC55SeYcDaBScFmyGGgs4wYi1WpzYo71YFQxYDDMNBrnr3/Vc+P5h8aeCNT7zT3vhcnnxjAG0+IvnRj350+1aEtptzHCOC9nn1gFHHTRF9kEO7dl0ud5IBYo8fXPsTtPaKDOML+trHPBzPJs7Jt5m+wosDp5UDxj45dPvtt5/54z/+4022/8Ef/MH2Lyb7Np3vPDkGJ82TTA23NC65W/r0gwmueGXMS26Pe0tcPz/GgcsniX8M9Y2RYAA2+GrxXBymZSw4C5EBerkGaZOg+vOrr/jF+vA0sYTD64NaPohk82ZR1R4fbbKJAKPtwm2IbZBtoGwA0CzO2bTZ/Ph7MKcpNjs2NfvN3Un0Rw8aPW0wZjxeBwvGps8Jjg0g2K60ZiBA//nScBJtK31xYHHg6nHAfCdr9nLaHN8r/XsqKbWe6SauZBzZIjxlRXJGWbKFA0fZgCMXfeKFqzOa5xpSWvKscpUtP/xX2q8tfDRRqCi6wjaT2kKB1e5otAYwDHgv38cGWwfc8khhBOvJkdeUaCfi1gf1WX9cp6fMg3WNngxvvZGmT8B6xCnnFFiGBuuw6+9nD7fJuj0GBn0Uea8EuEmC/14pcUMB/rl+t0Zorzo4ijOFnJEeLQwlbg2gk8LuJoA107igPMOHH4weDAfg0MjYYW1Eo3bil481un1gvXXbwBrmpgWeuy3BmMCgpQ3q8lhTU+bjg3Yec2hp/TwGo0/Rp73WTXwTxge+h8FDv6sLv/U9PtoraKc9gu9UaH9GGmNEvepsHsXbPZ21IV9+YT68cCg/8UlHX/BgOelg8R+9eKud+oLTf8ae9grDqawnfHBUb3wrb0OyfhYHrhMOmCvGvnFOXniaq+aA9J7zaTLY8OVXfuKT1xyDN9h9HcrmjsGseRl3zs9fRoLz49N5QxnEBibHN4FsZjgLtY2DQXq5Bmp1bRU89HMsbeZfSLhJOumV5sTCCYmT+P7uSbpNSgutRddmnADhmrzgpNkAoTV6bS5c/73pcE3TR5DOxykb3vg6T5hsPJy02FjawObAWvD9b/TEARf6uDYrlVn+4sDiwOnjQPM7OVELmuvJNvNemieZVFll5IOdeXsZkayb6bMMPJWvHn6u8KxXWjRWNnh+ZfJn2oS7EuHoUnf8IcedgEuz/qWgqh/9lDDXzl0/p3Aq5+8hf+mXfmkzApDTytQfyjEkWEu8JsLJowi3hkhTL3kvvTrjI1qEKdo+VqtuHxd0ou2r+894xjN+YCigHLqVd8cdd2wKuXLWJHS//vWv35T2eM0ILp0PzrpF8eWMAcq7x+smxgYYJ9Ruzrn152O51lFrFro9jOVuYtx7773b6zEUaEqrk3k3J+B34+0Vr3jFRjeDRIZt+D2NQ/0DJ8UcT/AWXY1J7QDLKKIv3AJQH4VYPfUpPruhgGaGCuWtnc985jO312TgiSfqVxeDCr7pV+35/Oc/v7VXH+A9XPYL2uRvSBkztMN+SXnGBfWiIX7CrW79PMeHdGk5MPrFU3p9BNYehdN2vLef0e+MM4w4eOEBi7/GiT48ezAo2cOhjQ+3sPo8ufhWfPmLA6eZA+ZB87txbowb/57Wu/IutK1wq8PD5Zv/5iq85Hv1lM+vrHLRKMyJm+PkgDXEesRwy4jJ38M/WGr9Tg78UKrO1BW+aA7MSWIz4Cq7U3IWdBsISrBF2MJjgLaAXWyFcDRh5oAv7WLxVq72hI8vzWbDiYWTCm2z2HMEhwUeLSZmpzraKd2EhcP10Awm0ggAyjwhEN9sGjpVix5lowUdtbl0mynvrfoLLtcybTqcMLnaePPhvWE0K9cirr7wTVzVt/zFgcWB082BZJg5zxXfh83/ZIA8cmHGpU1X3oRrEwNupgdb+eRPcb40cD2Vj17xwrPcPgyusvt697CXM15d0yfzuehBP6WKHHZbzPv41gZKKflvTZhlbBIp0ZRMmzzrp2v01lJrSwq5OqwjNpT1weSxsPWIon3PPfdsJ9to+vrXv74ph07l3SpTt3qc/FOKtQXcA4fXBKzlFEm0g7PufeELX9iM5NLR4jYEZZJyrJ2c8m2k4WawphRbOyn6jALwM5y4YUA5pbRbB/1rgbJtbpVzo+FZz3rW9lpCdcRz9eED+tRLofeKhlN8+w5ltTODOVhKu39G+OxnP7u1iVL//Oc/f/unDn3Caau/C33Pe96zGXSkudFgH6PvpmOQ0BZlOMYCf/vYOsxY4MFPj1sdXj3xLQe80U9oN1bQp+84a7m+5ds/cM0Z4fJLR4d+wTuPOIMA/AwRcDMc6BPGEWMHHKd+D4dXjAhoRZO68UUf26O46WH8GBeNx/OZpxvy9bM4cAo4kBzkJ8vMPQZIc0bYmG/OTHl0ruY1v5VXzpw0b8lA8pBBkR7gxhTZb56JR9Mx/OiAl/9v//Zvmw4Gp7nvxhUjdvpF9YbnYtpQ2evRX0aCS+xVA2o/IaRZ4A1wC4vF1KJkcFuYLEoWtPM9LT8XicfqR8Mx2s6Fa5/f5K8OODkLpclmoyPPxOZ7tK1Nirgy4h5CBU6bQSf5Jrt8PDGBHzhslmzQ4DCJpwOnLB5yJjeBxVU3/DaVrooSCmAIMULBXyqK7x28yk8X3fv0CbPCiwOLA9c2B5JfqNzP/f28b65XRj5H3lBOyoensvnglAPjmTgqF+xJdEhXjtuXkVb5GS4tXx4XHQ/GHvnf6Fcz2nLaZx2gDHp1wBpJcaO4UibJfS6eU9Tvv//+TakHR9HjnOzqk8lL8t6jDmuTK+KMz/UXOiiClNdoQmdX/tGlrDx0UPwou8pbpyiA1pvKWtMp2AwF4LQJLKXZU1vQS8n0yoC6XNH3kUpKOx+dNsQPHNY+3xpwss53RV8565d6vYpx88HQ7dsL1l3p+IEuBpN4hi/awXBv/+G2AvqUt9H26gTjQm1hlFCX2w3WYUqxzThjBwcvYw186BTHA5tvp+7qqh/AgXEzRDvwX78xPGhvPEyx0P/2SgwlfPlww2c/gIfaY79h/4RubfWEo9NGtDbu0Ui5wD9tghMdHvTaJwRffzZmixsP6PcYT/ilzzMsCOtP/acf60v7GnSjMb5sla2fxYFTxoE5tyN9L3ebc/KbQ8Gejz/niLlKbpBHDlfJTDLOXCK3wXoNizyYtKm3eatOeeQDmZpsIwvIil4tM0/JJE6bljvOgWUkOM6XC05tkPItur7Uf/fdd2+D1AaDtdmGwoLtb4huu+22HzMSzEEfAQb++Uw8kwesx4D3nKvcnFTVl1/Z8B6La5OJZuPBoV+9FmCLdGXFTfIWZjCEgQUbXnBOE5zwEAw2W3DbJCgHnrM42/TYQKnLRonAsIirD5x0C3enGOJOCeCKnuqMt7Vtq+Shn/JK28fhnfiC48dXePflygM36y19n7aPn085MMfwST+X29N7LvjyL7ac8ntaLzReX5xES/kTb2mViY7J75m3D9fecO7zi4cv+NL5x9Jm/jGY6gvvhD8ffBP+fPDv65t1nBTe13FSfJY/CeZS05uj8MSzfZv2dSgzHblSmdLhagyVN8tV76yzMByz7dKLTxylVee+nLiyydrylQvPMRzgLtbBx9WWib+0cJe3T5dPofKvEK7NWxds3GzYKIHK4TklzOtsf/Inf7IppNKdrJP/jMyUXU46w/K73vWu7TUBm0oG5le96lXbqwTwtoa4+u9DitZoG0ZwL3nJS7b1Bi58s/6gy9rDQIF+a/ZLX/rSbc2hLOI5g4TXFijEHOVY3QwE1iVrI0f5/shHPnLmvsNHGinF2u5fLLy6YA1zKs0gwZCtvI0xXNpkw0w5pzwzjKDDDQwK9Ze+9KWtbocNzz68htFHH1sL3apTJ4M5B2+ncR1QGMPWYtfs+VxheOTjnTYzHuA7fnOUY8pzvJVOMbeO/+Vf/uXGY/BeS8Drmw8GDvA+rOxGyMtf/vLtmxSf+tSntpsibjtwzR34Gjs+wKjv3FywlqOVEs/XD8aE9h1zcEQzWvUr2jlh/aR9HVxI04dgpNm/qVcfaAf+6EffVdBWfSFfPzJ04bGbE3y4u+0RbckN8Rkunx+9tX/yQtjTHK/chDkJR7DH8JZX2WBOSj8XHdGTf754wDfuzlU2nHu45kBtCS5/37ZZ/lhYGle5fb/NMtUx0/bwYMrf55U+YfZh8cppq7EQbbN85fIbM5WVfpKDZ++UMwfUyWXEC04ZT/WcRAtaJw3Cnq997WvbB8zJNgbImw63dcwr89uNKHLzta997faak7on/sLw2PODp4eRz+ojY6015AfDgXkMF3kcLXPclFbbblR/GQkusedNhgYT30mFjYMv9VucLR4WR4ti7/C7tueao82LgWsAe/YTaw7YY2Q2KeSpm2vBFp/58sQ5dU1/izzMT/ATBP4+7mMyW6CbgJ3MZBRg9bMI440JStmnxNtQWJAJHWVMXLA2Q1kLa4/NAAOC1whcVYTH5s4ijLfg0MRg4P1Smyt8tpGwgXLV0SYHD+JD/K59pRfX3vpgpkk/VjaYfHAzfCwujdvDlYamY3nyHy7vpDLKneT2+Pbxk8pJv5T69mWPxdHi2delz+sLeZPmwuVPvKVtCHfljqXt6w73xFm56VduphWeZcNXHv9Y2iwTbHXs846Vr0z+vsyFxPEePF5Wbl/njBfmc5WJlnP5x8qF86SylZn5s96HKw+u/GNltDv8M7+6pDU+9/nFj+Gv/Byjx+qpbDJSOXjDXd3hC774hfjH6le+uo7hkrevM3hyuRNY64Q27Nsr3U0Cp0HaAoZCaB21dojD78RImr/ds4Zw4KwrFP5OofleB1DGemANonz6V5ubDpvRnDLWbGmu96P57OFddJtJCiOHHmuSBz7rGzqsF8Ie6drgyv/73//+zdChLAOATSyFn1IJv7YojyavRDilt15Fh1N0ayWF01rrsOGd73zn9l4/gzoF++1vf/tmaIiPNtH4jI7wM8zDI41Dp30IHlB20eVWBwMMfoVLHb4/YM23r5GOtg4I4NIO9DOKuLkgrp/sh7TVOk3pVj8jBeOBvYDNOqd+xiK02Q+gFT8p7GjSZwwFcOhbvI9mPL7vYBDBN7SBQb968M4+DD/1H7rUaz9i/4UuH4AEAxav0I0u+wg8YdwwHtCi7xkJ8ISxSXvBehgO1MOY9dSnPnUbX3jpFgda0Kb++B9/NwY89CMPzElO3sxHzz6tsvKqc5aRLy+3z5vxiV+6PtnjBBPdx8qqR76nstLm/ioc+O/h4FJGXmni5UkPn/TmX7Ab4EN4CvPBwq08v7A8+LhwC8ufDox8LnjzV73B8qsnmD3vZh1wBS9cnjQuvOIeOPm1FTyY4GZdlQcvP3o2xA/9yIMjfLOOwsrCK052mIPaXZ38wrPOWV6YQ0NtFCZb/KUtOU7GmY9uMzGeMhR8+ctf3mSPucq4SnZyE4c4/Oan16cYCdDn1ppvz5jf6iCT1Ol2MdzxQ9uV37cD3hvVLSPBZex5A8vi4uqcxYozkA1OvgXQYm4COCVwQmBDMieVAc9Ja7KKG7hNrgYwvwFdGXGTGJ6Jt3z+dJWfuOVXHi50hAuch5Lu9N+7ot79tymTbmG3qbOIc8ra2ChvsnrwyCINxiaqDZW8s4fNGAMBQWAzwUm32WGMYFxhLFCXjaEFfAoJmwBXJW1KODhsRggVm6aEgbzaUpr4DIOZ8eqZvAAjXpo4BxcnvfCW8FCacOmzbGnyZ/qxuLTcLCetsqXPuDTx0sKxjwdX/pXwZx34y02eRxO/tkw6gpXWmC2/Mvml80vjF98CD/MT7B5+T1e4QzXLlbb3j8GUdhL+8vf07HE/XHzinvhm+sQv3QO2BVX+TK++PY7SL9af9J0vjnOVOVe+emrvPhwN4ThXe8sPPnkSnuqZcDM8yylj7DfmZ56wZ84N8MEIX6i7lLL7uqK59Y1s57TVg271kd0e+a1pylgzKYEcOGuIdcfNA055ab1aIO6BmwJnfaGwgXcqT/lvralPrCMUQmuXcNfNtwoOP+plkIYHTa1R1i2KpzQw1ifKoxsCnLagzVM70QXWmmgtdbJun2BDizb0qgttnGuzNsF9M4FCTVHV3ngKznpno41+uLVdm+DNoUEbKOE26dbmJzzhCdt+pZsQ6FO3cjbVcKLXzQV9UX9KU39tr11oL700cbzRBx60MVZ0+k751k79ij71aI+22NTzjQmPvYjxAJ+9BD6glUHBug8vHPoYrdqJz/FLf6lXHe1VwDDWMIgwfDAkqBMedd10MBjgk37Cs/oCP9HhWxtwaIOxgU714D88OfQYC/iB9unwKoe3HDzCjWfhnmDhlM/Bm4v3xYMRl1c+fHBwYKprSzj8TO8N7XEAAEAASURBVJzVNXEFx5/pJ9FZ3cGGU3l53KwzeuRVJtr38a3w+AkuH7z+wftZNtx8Du17V1m+/PpPmcpL12ccuNkO6TOu3dUT/2edMz9aZ7409ca/cM82wB+e6pr5yojLC59wsNEljn6GODKtMtEj7oGjsuWJR6P8cJpnZJk5Yx5S7B34ue1lzpNh9v5kqTmfC391SqePMBibW+YrI6jbPXQw/WT+q8/cRQNXf9SW8G6ZN/DPj0qlG5gRF9v0JoLyBptXCny1l0Jrwj37cIrtsbBa8Fm+WbgM0vsOlm/WaBsQA9IDB5y5OWCPDdrSDHyTla/eBn54TvKVr44JU/kp+ObEtsAyhrjSYzIStDYVFnL4PCadCW8yyuecHtk04EfORoDBRJ2EgcWU8MmhgYBglLAow4VuvMZn9SiLPjwgXODAd3hsFlwVlLd3tVP6DMfXCZ/QLe0YjHZzM2+GK7uHKf0k2PJP8k8qt08Xn2nH+r46Jlxpl9Pf45/8V88+f8b1tXhp2jHL167yJ75jfXSsXcfKBvdwebOu4C/Fn3WF51iavNod3Ln8k/CUvsdXeniL8wvPvHhdGh/csfQJU3hff+n5+zpLP+afC5cyk66T2jRxz/pnOJh92owfG6/KTZjwRDvfkywKR3QXV64y4bgS/sPVMfMKH2tbdMkrH7yNog/OWjOtNdYcBuCXvexlm3Lfpo5v7ZHH+J7SyTBvgwgnfByclEYP15oWffhX2DrlyaVMVC/F8jd+4ze2Oh44GMat5TaijNLq5SiEDAdecaBwOnlTB9rCHX1OrT/60Y+e+cAHPrCV1cf2DDcdFFKb22jLyMBHC8dHn/Z4rJnK+FAhYzz6tBk/+a2F2oo+r1LYjFNwnXpLAxN/0ELxttl2G0PeHGtogEubvE7AMKIv7G3cQKBQo6f+tZ77loO22gdJv/lwM4GxQh3aA79bF/ZTThFdRbY/8IFDPGY8AYM2fHZ7QTtt/I0BfeADjL6HYF+C98aRwwV9QZHQDwxF9gx9D0E77C18pJEv7soyvNqgL+HDBzy3d9Fe4xPd2uJBi71PH3jEP3ytL9Eef9Vtr1J/ag8c9ac2ooPTrv24hiujmnLB8nuCMQfAihtD+crBa+woo4/RxUWLsDKUNPSCRSN4NAqD7QHP1Z/Swc58YeXAwCFeGfEcGA694RGf9Ve29OD44JTl8tGiDblgZjl54OTNfgCjbG0DJ62n9kRveMJ9Er/UwykXPeLKTVfepK26wZVffXu+g4nGPbyy+/rASNNm44dv724shBtMDv2lR4M84fgvLkwemC9khjLm+Jvf/ObttrBx5tDPuPXqWQesyoLNRS9cjHYejjx55Stfud3swXNj3D+y0cHAkAPkSuXzJ2+q40b0fzg7bsTWX4Y2G1AmlAEl7N0Z780bvKzYLNAWBTAErgXJhobl33V4m4os85OcBj+cMzxhhOWp20bAgiUcfIO8eGXF4Z20t2lo0UgYEgAWxOD56jGhneq7VmdxNKltDrTZxkB7LfDeLXK9xwJrE3XzYSNg0bYhEbeIWrhtALz/6WaCv6hisXdqYUJz2mLDhJ9g0WBTGG1gEjyEF1ibIeWko5ur7egLXrp4bQTjkR985cPB56QHX3zC7usBmwvuWBqY0vP35ao7POXnK1deOIqDkbaHKQ7OE1/AVzZc/Hg0y4HllOXCJQxuwgrn9viln0RDefVvOPgTZ/yvzvLDG/2zvLyJI7oqyy/t4eDkNcb2vJDngSdcF4s/GsIT3vPBV1mw3MQhL/6Ec9IrrfFRurRjsLP9D9b0YD9VX2l7Hy4uuOLB7dOLy4+OwpWdMOXx9+nSuH25GW98gZth8Vzp4Z90zfE70wtXJlziZDM3eTrhJn2FwQejnLBn5oM55iZc8JUHL018uuCkVV/h5kTwYMNRXeLkuOumNnAUaGsTJYuh2RoarHWVwk4BdiJtraHoPve5z93WC4rrpK+66hd0lDZpCj8fLHpy4jatzz4Yoq19lFJrKOO09OoTtkm1cXXt3CmYPJteewFO3fBZaz3qkWZsUHyto9a62mFtpNT6boITa3XAhyeTtxRNayhlOvooqjb40ZevLDrV6wlP+egURpvxJ2wNjifx0l7Ghtw+wAEBnvQl8dqlrJuWFH97CDxRnkJuL4FGNKhHn9tr+DYFhQRd1n/GDPsMBwDKOiyw8bevwmtO3cYEPsCnDAOB1xUdbEhzq9Mew3hxk8BYYkzAL7cZ0ApOW5VHg3ZI1z4KBqUF3dVpf8PYgQ552kohUR4ebUjJMpbh0lbp6tZmcbDdXMBXyhLYFHy0gJfGaacxgj5jh4MH/R747ZfA8eVx+Gf/CI/5gwdgPGDgw2v1okm79RneG+/KGYNwylcGbeahsLEVXvWhRTqeMa7gCxrsB82JeAOGUxdDDJzS8MQYUR+nXXDCA5+2y8MLcPJzeKtvtYGvz9t/x9dg0ffAYexpvzbAVx8EAx9cDJn6WzvRB145dOEPOGPF7RJxvEUbvrb3hhMObYVPn6gPjequHXiFt554YgxrB7zB4YM2wsNHgzrxGQ3y4zFcYNSPRv2oXjdfajO8ynHKoiNXnbVXujAHrrKllQ6fRx+bb+SffTu5T59Qt/J4ZGxoJxrRq3/kT1zwy9Nv8m86GFh96JXshUO+sdGaQuYw4uFLuMCgKd5sFdzAPz9c9W5gJlxK05sAJoHBa3KbuJwFwOBrsBEaBJEBaCBTkKeQbwLJb6DCI56Trk5p6hQ3YQkCEww+YenVWxl+Tln5yhIITeLC4uWhW1y90tDuRN8EM7k5eSZ3VyPh9hBahFMwJiohZfLa8BEMBDvaCCn8M2kZW7LuVzfBK83kB89gIC03aVcGDBr4nvoqWsIrndNOTrwyynPi8ON7cMXh8XDK4hEHVnifD5c8D1ddx9LCG9yEkRbtwhOfOKd87aksvzofhHqwbHCV44c/3MErz0mv3B7/LFv50tAlDQ/jR22d+IwXPKw8vz5Vf/0jrJyxBk8wyoYvmsVLU6706JCWK636lRMuvqdNuYkv/ivHVRZMcLVbfunBwc9V3xY5/FRWvDL8PVzwJ/mTrglzEn7peOtRV/xH5ywT/XBK90irvtK0fV+uMvl7XNJz8bc4WG7in/GJawN8CHaWk15cGM0eddVu8fpm9p/xzKkfbO0NRplwhQ9ssiTZAqay8IANRlgZPlkfTbW5POnRONsNb3Gwudo808rLL6/yM/2k8uqLF5Oe6NAObsaFOfPfRhWMtG6ZqWvC2/gxFHDWEWuvTaUNO5rB8uPVBnj4kQZX+IMpv3qkczNfW6znNtM2+7WjspWRxyhO+bJ2WhMppRQrMB71oO3s2bObgu11AnAUMXWoK1hjRNsyolNMGCra5KIDrDbjX8qSuDx1cfYK6oQv/giXT5ZO+RuP0CJd2WBmGfVpB96D42tD7VS3cTvrlQZ/j3j0qsPepjRKFD7aB3DKmBv2XfZg0Zlyqbz6o5cShBZxbbHngEt9nLrAa4MDDG3Th/Yt0nPqsn9hxOHAwUcBYSRQB+OWQyJ1tFcCG+/VaVwoq15w2qcsx/hx02GvpG5jHIy2g6Ocagse1x5jSrvgq+82RIcffJFX34GJJ/FdGnpScvEVPAW0/lK/x0FMipsy6EMHHrk2zkDCgfGYJ+pRB1xod33cPhI/7B39tWeGNvikw+XgDT7t85oLWHTBhUYPJZyhCF48Z5yiVILjwDIk2LuaX/ad9qxuuagT7WD0oUe/Mu4wJJEn5tjZw5jQZ+gHr3/sVxmf9K+bKRRSDg34q8/0KTgP+WROuJECZ/0FH5oYwdStHntk9KX8a4vxzPCEJ3ApZ8xRrMkLrraoVxsYG/Ee7/DVHFUvOPSpTxvA4TMY+2t52qR/0YM/ylRHfS4Pfv1Qe8ByleF7gi1/Azr8mIP6mxwz3/R1sGCMK+1Xh35EmzR9oe6cfjA+Obj0nfaGC/1w4ymZoe14Kt2zpyu8N6q/jASX2PNzQBm4HgJGOsHjCYZvshnYJi/hZ2KAT3hGTmUatAY43ASgsga1Mh4wFgyCw6JFAHqfzsJiEsAfHvgLKwuvuDAnru7wbomHn2DkufbvqmBfDVXGxESfCWyiK89Hk8nMMYoQQCYl4QqnsI/9eCx8yjsN8GEmwsmJBB5JV7cTE2nazwBjs0FYyiec1GvxBovPaOP27VK3NAIGf5QlgKTHL/mEINylwasMX1r41aFsTr7nUh2c4Qn/jBe+2HrOhf9ceNUfXcFeSFr9omxtCR9fv+CzfuWDaaFURrrxVf/BV5v48me8evZp4uVtgcPPhJm0CXuivTzl9njE92l7/MUfzldHeIKLBm2s3fgATlz6+brZBmWqq3rDZS4Uxnd9IR5ceJQHa65EizxhTpnSwc76wjXTtkKHn2Np5Z3Lj7Y9XDjRJOwRxks+GYNWce2RLx79pZFJ1SGvsPqSGW1G4AKTjJLO4SeHd9EBj/LoyJFxykbnpEeauRL/4YFDerTDEw3hPB+/NsETfcoJTxccOjh15dARf5rb4KXJE0Z7OLSz+mz+wHDSaiNYmz4bW+uOONw25fUPWHQoj9988doxaZ1h5TjwrW3C8HKVF68ftQVudAhb9ykP1jLtAWsttJaqS7/b8Ps4n7j1UDmbfrCUTcqNejk4bPjdMJBPGbIvsA6jAQ4bYfWLt44J12Z58Kkn/sI72wsebWCmCz4ctZMPv7GKBo813l4HDo867UsYfyhBFCPl7FfwwEcI4dAu8Xiufmk2/tKt++DIIco8X370w4m/bitQevHeHkV55dDGaZ9x5VaGPYW24V2vPajLXoRCaZ+lb9SjP+yz7Gs45aSrl+GG4mavohz89mbqBMdRvCmK2o0v9nYUZrDhSsbaR8KHfm2CC+wxp36ueo7B7NP2ZY7FwydPGN+0l/KPv8a4dI9r3JRrDt0Udm3FF/3j0Y77Dq+atBc01h0OuYlBsTOfjR03bt0u1cfqswe89dZbt7mun+DCF7dWfdgaXkYJr9r4B40OkoxlCrMP4zEmmH/octsEzmnoM17dbPXvFWgwTp1Iw0n55+AzBu+9997tQ3j6jzEQ/V6xEa4NxokbLNpijsKhzre85S0bbuNRG9yued/73rftm9XRjSEfwTSO8Ni481oSWG0wn8iB17zmNdvtIuPbWLdG2KODVT9F2e0qPGHgqR+NX7i0g9FGu8gBffCiF71oO9HHT/2tjP5iUDAvtBlu7dQXxquxjAaGEPTia3Xla5swWONFH5ob8Oiv+rXxVDlt9ZAJ2mi+5pSXjo/KaQMfLm2Xrx60GYfy0KuMPA5uTh7a9MuN7paR4BJHQIPXoLIQm0gGosFmwBtoLbRVJe4JZg5E8HB6OL4BbANAgLomxwhggqhLvXxxAsh1/SbJnGjwVE8TU5ry+epDUxNEunjw8uFACxoSCiacCWlDJk95cBb/NtjyTX4T0usHjAcmLoH5wOFqkHpMeLwDy2Dgy6RtbtSFDx4LBWeRtGAry8VT9EoLlq8tysEvn6CwUVGXNPmeylZeXHk89qiDYNE+NMnHb7iUh5dgVH7yVtgTrRvBh59glA2mtIkDvPRcsBNf+XDlas8x/BNulg22snCVH97KSi+8h9un7+PhrA3Fg1N/Tt/Vv8LGkbhFymKF5xY+/K+Po3/68KmvtOqsnunL08+TjtL4xgVc0SvNw0mTF83invKD4c9ykxfSww2Oq3z40IZGtMjDG/6krTLKh680frjkc+UJy9MGdXg4deK5jZSNiM1up4XyJ1zw0sLFRyc8wuqrzmPtB8NNOGlgtVM4mPqq/PAqH+4Js8dZXHk0m+vKeaSpL96SB4X58EqLLrjgkKesfI80MPgqTgaFW5lgyBdyXRo5KB0cmWmjiPc2h/jf5htO8BxY9cx4+OWhA85zOWU8cHk45bQLjvL5HNw90qpDGH8464IwuPKlh88cbiwHK09YGa62KQ8X+GiU5kkWqFtZazIYvFMG74XDV/uat/iurLjHBtnYV5biQDmXzoHzKKPf4K6s/sEvfQp+T9+kW/9aG9FunbS+GIfKkXN8vEADmHhGJoZHuPVpI+7wE2xxfESTMnDhg3Bzs/bAg3fFwcAlXXnhyvDVjQceYWXDGw5wlEg8okjjo77xrYAMJMrDzUBSWBw/KKFwUuzx0ikyn6JZ/1BewVH0tBUd2qhOefioDZy9i/2VuLVc/+H52bNnt3L47pSVkUA96qZcSbOvgVs/CIO576D8ao909ajf+kRmSgNH6dMu+erjUx7RZgzAx4Cgbvsq5fAPz5XzlKb/jDHrXzgZG/BqusYNeOEcOLzVLk49eAEGH+Q17+SBQ28+nqFLnjAecMpQsuGQr5+NCWXjpzIc5d5rJWRb7dAGiqsnR6GV7uaQsnCrkwHAfOHsT/3tKGMKnoLzGA/GjHGANvtpuCjTFGHO+EEzfNqhHKVYf8NrrdNu6WB8KV8Yr+xJjVdwZLN0exRxRo7g9O9Xv/rVbd4YF3B70A82Zy4wBPiOGUMVWa8NGRuCQ4fve9j/G3fa53Hghs9oM/bMBTwx9swDbdVG4x/dnLYZV+pldMF7PDRn5eE3nPEVP7XbuNM++fqPEZDBRBhN8vAcDq55JKwMeuUZmxz60A1OWc64EQfT3DWuwHmUkefRhsLBwIHP6jOmwwVujm9h+JY7GGYXEy6dAwaUwWYSGWwGl8FsIBKInHxpBja4BrW8Jo8wXA1Wcc7EUUZ5woVAh88gl8YloJUVbnOpfjRVB19ZOKMZjuptAsMh7KlMONRHUPr7KPhNTIseGk10kxNO9RK88tFKqFjIpEefCSvNKcvZw4IcPpskMGj0oAeNwtHRRBf3xHc047N8vCKkpDE8oEseeipfW+GQrh3gtUVYvdqkHcpLF0ZLiztBa7HpdASe+gK/hOGHV9hTu9QRDdI89Vlt4ktXjoNfGnzw5grnw4tW8eqER521lc/VbvHgKxM+9dUGZfBj0g9OndKE0VhatPLBSNfO2s7nJpzxUH/ZCMDX5sgm02JuEW6DpF79A3dhOJXh5MERTmH16l/weGVcNE7iN5qkeeAKt3rCLQweDB5bGPFSHLxn9qG2RQsYNMAVf8Arjx704hUeqEM8HqIZLnF18ptHysChHvTBBb8y0QYXJ1+edI+ytVP56jGf4HngYNyz4TDHbdj0AdrAaqfycJoj8CivjRN3YxE+6WhBg/jk4TH64dZO9ahXu8EpX3ukqZsvXZnShMGLc+DUK44O9NQO4XhmDOGztnikw6UP4ROHA5wNvrC64art4viSkw4XGuQJK6d9HPwcnMa9zW20OqHT/visntkGedLqm8rpR/SKxwt1KyvuiW5w0VAaX53y0M/nlJ88rw404BtfndL1HXhhPqcsGDjhV2/zIlq1Bb/1E/jgxOUpA3d8FW6OCcdf68+ku75UDzh4lOP4NtJtkLVF3foEbDyGW7+BRwtn3Y5f4mC1F33VOflKGQCjfjTCJe6BX33VrQ440AyHdOXICvjBqkseGOHaVjuV1w7l8BqMx/hVPzzKc8JctPDrS/0Ap7qV5SgiaIIX7dEojeygJMFhPGonOuQlw5xEUpAoQrUdvZz61AUeHkp1fFCf9IkPzpsO1/cpScJoaY6CtV9QnpNuPGkbvqBRGXwRVtZ6D+7sYe+Cp+gyLtCkLfUB2eivna1V0uyFnNRSmtXrQa+DEnsrewnODYJohFe4/tHv+ka99kva3pxGHxzGKgMDODAMEOquXu3Snw50PMJoRQO+w0O5hAfv5YHRBm2Hz94PD7QBffobzyi8yqsXLJzqxV99Is2eLJ7DoXz8V4ew+uDmc8L6QfvUIwxOXc19eLQNzeivnHqVmQ4sGuzhwqePlZ8OnHksj9MfaDJG4A0efcYlnktDHzr0mzA6Of0mTp7DA4c60KAOvvLoUsaNDLyFG1xOm+MPnsDDBRc+aWDlo41TLxrA5OBWn7o98BjXHnnK60drvjGibmn6oL6B1zjjx0t1c3AK1wZx9eOHOeNRTjoXnDC42lo/1D4+WLTBxRlD1b8lHH5aI5Ih0ShfndGXX7kb1V9Ggkvs+SZzA9TgFzbJbKANeAPXY+AS2AYlgdmVKmX2A3IOVvkEreuFJp5Jqw7p6jfJ4bVIyLcY3XLLLZtAV79JlQsvetAID3rg6gELLxjw+dLAaIc0jq88XJx8ceVMwiY+OA965IHjE57os0CAV0dCQl68VFYZ9YAXJpRmunA0EsgtHGiABz60KS8eb+CEj1NeHlzK11YwwvLhKV0bnC6xCtsAuELmyqvy8qIH7tpdXeK1B12VKU1+dPLFOeXBSwuX9PLzpakfX2ujvPCHAwwXPvngwj3xSStdGWWVywcrjMfwaBNXePrSlZUGJ59TJji4qg+9CXaLYTdJLKI2m67SWUgrC7c+RJP+4jemxGs/eGH1olud4mDUrZw86bUNbrg4ZcBw4JSFM75Xjzxwtcf4E57jXliaeuJrtFQnHGjjog1M6Xy4wVdnvnTh2c54Gq59O+NhmyJ1O2XQfpsW8sb1TxtGdaI/eqKZ75GON+oHp87S4y36Kq+ueKG96ox+ZcXjBbxwyufkS4M/HNKqRx5YvnR48Ed+G/FZXr54dc5+qi5p2gYOLryVV1ujQ734ytm0SAevDrCzXvTDyeG3kzRXqMF4D/X/b+9OozUrqruBH1/jhAOKEzg2qChOBFAkgKYBBRKBRMXEiAYTh6Vr5Zvf8imf8yFrZdDgWlmiJkaJgiKRiDihoiCgYpwHJhmcZ1TUJO/9VftvN8fnubcbuunbfXetdZ6qU7VrV53/s6tq733qnAN7c3/+W+3letAIzgXtonOub3i7HudpQzpH+i1OCGZi/a4xmvRdrF7adA5XsT5ou/43eKFPnv7oG3q4hI820JGR5KsbOuW5HjE6PMVC0vjLw1dQX546+iftENAwaGzJpRB7p4Btu+4W+h9TD62+pb7zBPmOYCsWcr3ph3w4obXWu0b9zPVV+cs1oZGPB37hDRd9y/8kP3nSuX719Vkb5EJ++oE+9fUpbYZOHe06pJWjUy7UfikX0OJJoddOaJRLq6/cnKPc9vAzzjhj3Cm19fq0004buwbwyThC6zrUVUdg/CUPv1yTvNSVlwONPsAQjViATa47tMq0qUwaztLBER/pYBHjJHzw13d18dQfefrgyHUET+dCsCMb6mmXvDico5MHRzLLsGUswdo8QdfSZtrQT0ZjjFp8OBvQKfN1CXey8fSi7Rj36IwD+fjpl9j4sCvDXW1t2Clifabzuj59hIt+2TXAmeBa9l9x3tBx6braDX7WGnf6rfcwpF/Zhm+9wS94cCJ5np+zQx+9FwK/9A0tXcEjAnihc3PKM//0BtfjWuCnP+7o4wdD1+n9AXR2fAT0+k428YO3djlt8WVAu3717XRxt55z1zk6X8ewdrpebaqPztwOP84DtP7/zZs3j8cJOJHkwQ2+eQQDJvjhG2cLjF2DXQd2aRiP8ICLvgnaxZ8jBZ3+wYhc+8+sLxx0/jvYuB70rt1/AQt5/nO85Pvf5EnrD8eSIB+NowbneOkfDIxZMXoh9aRdkzLXSJ4F8uQ/FpRL44WvvuqbgE6/BDz9x/rHZpLvUHfev1FhA//8xnrcwCDcnkuPcBI6g8gkzLNqgJvc3OkkqKEzwAmjQVonnHkfIqiJ1edVxj956mRRiDfWRG9Qm3z0I+Vz/vV8Ec2ivLRX6y7qS61b0+rByaQupCyTAF7JGwRr/KAVar216tc6a7AffZnzd55rSFsUd7hz1NheZYHY1hAeiSv/8Eh7OV9EU8tqelHdtJUYfU3X+mulUy8x+tXaXIvfsnL8HZEdCwUlwbmFlSLipUdZOCqf2rfV0upUea48kq71kyee59dzaWHOe55f64wKKz/L8iq/OZ+16tZ+rMV//l9mId1/RaGjHLnDlOcmKRbo8V/Wxryvtf1l6VyPeF5/3r9KG3p9qbwX1al5ucbKq9av6UozT69Fp1wIVrUPi3iFlmFhKy1ljsHEOWZ9mPd7WfvyHRlL834sajt9nJflvLZV07VcOnzqtYa+9mNRXnglDo3zWjfnaavSzesuKkOT/imXDr4c/xR0yravC1jHF/GoedIJ6ZPzOU3K0vacJjzyP6d+6NMOPimbx3iEPvxC4zzptWjQpr/S2xvSzvxa8ElZeKKh9NuKznhivDDsNm3aFJKF8aJrQDjvt/bmbc7pKs0cX2UZS+rN23UefvO25auf8pGY/dS+hVdtr5Knn8rn9VJn3r/Ur/TJY3TRYRmkjD1OAs/a02ljLIe2ts0QpQ+5XgZmDbUdn7I0j8lDx/gTQiPWXy/pNO6s78YeXVio/wWdFz/t4kUnsCYJ9ZoZ3Ixi18U5gM74DrZ4Osyzx658vcTNHzJnp4qgLIG+BxPrIGOU0bn/ytoYgzp88eaUgCM67dITGajh51rd8GOYw0S7Hs31qIObT8cdd9xw3mgb3TUrO/noPv4jd/Xz0kL8jBkBHvqHnzHkGupz/INo5Uf/0Bpfbnox2j1OBRuYR3bQVyxTX5z/bJ6Xc/2a0+Tc/06fg5v/xRHnHxrtK9O2g2NFH5W5VmWh4+BKGd0cL/YRrEMXR4Rr85+h918lpF8538hxOwl2wL8fgTIITF6E0STEe2tiYNDwqhFMxiThN+EatCba1J93JZOH/NAkz/k8GDwmjAyo1JnTbc85HuGj7bSPh/aUZQJJmVi+kHR4hHYUrvETBWIRWfilndCkDzkXh0ZZ+lPLl6XntGkzbdRzaXikbBnPef4i+nne/ByPRXlz3svoFtVdlLeI3zxvUb1tzZvzWnReMcYXxmTI2BErp7Ak33kN6qQ/4VXLk16LJnVDl3rieZvyKl3S4aFcSP6Ws98+rzS1rnpzWQuvOV09r/y2pU008/EazLVvfFJWzG8J6UfOxTWvppeVzfu8iFdo5v2rtHP+KZv3YU63iGetU9PhuShei25ePm/XNSagde6AfdLKU29blRy8ats1jW89T/tiZYLy1egG0exnzjN9rmRzGmWL8lKnltV0rbesn6FPHJ6J0z/lSeNF5jP2xLWt1J3nLWtDPh7hn/qhTzvy63Uso1cPXQ3htVZeykOfeJ7vfF4WmtsS51rW4qk8803FrOKifTSCsRDeI2PlZ95GxWpOmzr4pUz9OY+ah1/9z/CQl/rhOe+z/DlfebV/zgW80k7lG57z/qgjr9LKC31tY96H0LimrLGMLHQx2KSVwzv18/8w1JMHxzo/hcY6zmBGl2tLn9NP9dAw+B2M3PBNH9EyHPdfMdAZm/TtGIpoHaF184zejV77KQtG+c9zJ9yNudx8UObaa/BokLai16cc31wn3mwDL0p0PfgxjNEkSLs+j8K4BjcU7QDgDFBWabW3acVJ5lq0oQ/KpcXaC30cA8oY0HBw5HrTx+CWHSX6l10O6aM49fAQ0o44eaPg1z/pU+hko3PugCka/wXstJ9dFPoeuYlhr33XEX4VbzxgmHL6CVvMzlM2F1r/kzbItDz/b3V46YsQ/uNkA//cWto3MBC39dIj7OoTZtuSeD0JJo+crUMmBrsGeAS95ITjgDfU9iCTxVwY66Cq/NPHDMTUQ2/rjIOTIHUWxXiol7JF5/OytINWWerMJ4tRUH5ST5y04srDefhIVzp4pi+J0UjnPHHya/1aVsvRLCsLnXL9qvySTqwcncMdJfmZbPwnKcdTSD30OZdO/sgsP4vK5nnhFX6l+kiGd6VbRhua1EG3rL1KMxpa8DOvG34hxSM0iUOTstDOy8m5iZ8jzkJgwnegq/JU64VXbWOerufqCrnWyqum5zT1XLqG8JS3jG/K0katE15VtsKn1ks6ZeFRz7c1XWVZHbzkudNgCyblInnLsFee9vStnkunvyOx4GcRTXjMy5K/gM2tsub1amHlkXSlr3m5rlpeeUmHPmlx6gXfeVnKo2A7J+PknfybHylODkqR8/BKe7VPNT1vq56nbvK0m7rJq3H6Ka+G8EmsLHyW1VlUf1G98FzEL2Wr8co1zfuxiF9olJnnbe11127RWpu+LuNf+ySd8VLbTXsZ48oc4Tnnkbo1P/Q1b54OTdoLH+eL8pbVr/XQrHWOJvwTpy/KEpJHrjki4UHJh3vuMqZ+6qBdFsIv5fO6ynNoS/kyfvO6eM7p0154LmpX2aKQ/NpO+MlLvvGe85SnbmQL/+ShTX7oF7UvL7QMRXfS53NM+lDnHXn4Zh4KbzS1D6mbvqCv/Uk65YxhR+qFb87NkdKMPoeQ9kKbGB0D2FFD+qzN8MUrabTkL33NNcnTNyG02k7fw5cBa81Ek+tTp/ZTGSM3/WMkc7aoi49DwJsTg10hpN20Gf5i/cy1phw9XqmHhzY4G+JwqGXKBfwc+NTy2q8tlFt+Q5u6qSNf2noGPzLmWuIU8NiDrzyccMIJW2+6sp3Q510IaYedxd7yH6jvJi2a/VccRhwsHhEju894xjOGM8eLFj2mwdFipwT9JXp7+ivusAWBdhLcTkkg6AaIQUOAbcV65StfObydPrVCGF//+tePgW7bC4E24Xqe8cQTTxwDM13IwMlAkp904pqXetpW10Rp8YzHzcCo9KvxWFaWiaSWa2ve13l5PU8/M5EoSzk+tY/S4T0Kfv0Teqe1fvITL6qTsrQVHotok7eoTsrm/YMzRxDcKZFC2gqf1BXXvKQT1/LkJV6rTPmyUHmEZp43P0c3z5ufL+IVmsShCb85frU8NDWWrnjiS5bkcYxRIMl+FAX00hkX6Udi5TXUfOnaVugqjbx6XtOhXxRvL12lr+nwXpSnTH6uYRltrbst6fAJf4t6PvNkux7FJm2K8ax8a/15Gl3qhv8impo3513Pazp1al7Siedt1vxcS2jSz0qTNlaLK31Nh+9qdaOMaptClTtkZN+aQ9bRCFmL5rKvbK125+W1zqIy5Qm1POnEoUk8z5+fo5vnLTuf58/rpjxxLa958gV5+Y+35Gz5lUeR9H12SjRFtN7RrLySTlz5LEuHdt528mu95CXe3v869RJX3jWtL6vR1LKarjySXlQe/uKk0YdWnDJ3/vISMvN9nAToQwOHhPDLeJAfvpUm6ZRXGjxqCM85Tc7n/Uj+It7ywj904R968Vr9r9ccPuLwTpyyeRvzcm0KyRfTac33jEhzfULWYHNPlcHap3n/wxcPZQL61HeOxjHv86J8eepm/lM/fNUPj8TKhdr3LTm/cdiFFk3SdY7VZtpLOR5Jp++J5XNsmT8qNqGvddMXsfpk3ZZ5uqX+VJxSH13aSrq2I29+rm7ywifXm/Ncs/rKXLOylMsXap5ztMpCL0+Ql7pbcrY4XaT1xftdfHKRwc+QP/PMM8fXTuysyOMXHAluruYxLw5zN1+9E8JuE21z4HII/OVf/uX0zne+c7w3wlcafKpRYIOp5wYHZwLZXhQW9XcR3Z6e106C2/kPV0Ei6AbBppVtQJ5VsrB5GzKh95yUQUfBcCfCewMoe7cnGBDaFFs0KYwGZvLSt8S1rXlePU9ajFcNdUJQLiRWpi91Iqhlc17pf+Uvrb564VPT20IbHuJldbclfxlN+pV2XBelkbeWd1fIIiI951PPpYXK0/lq+XNa9MvCIj6L8pbVXysfr3l/5nk5TxyezhNq2TyNZpHswBqtBZgsidOXin/aWBTXtlKOx6L8lNe40iUtThrtPC0v/ZynnddQ69b8ZWn0QuU/51HPa7ryrHzm2KNjrFq8LbDmMXNbpav1523Mz/FbDfPKC21C5ZN0YjTbWg9t8FpUP7zQrNbPlKGvYc5z3lbOU6eeR1ELb3M8ORdzElRjSf3QiWtaWe2H8xrmZTmfx+okr9bf1rQ+JSzisygv9OJ5+fw8NKkzb09+xSX1E6eeuOZJO9yt4hBjMDnmdCOj1A2PxClPvZzXfiZvtXjZ2lnbqellvCrNsj5UmpquPLclH40wx7/ymafRpl+cBIwmuJt/omuEJn1IO3jVOQl9zQtfeeqk/iD69U+lqenUmdPOaZTXvPRNXs0Pv+SFrvYfTb1m58JashBeaOf8cx4+znPI07676YwzmCtLnxKnbvqWtTf90r4j9NLhg6aGlCmvaTQ5r/R4pl354TundZ5ycfoiPS/LOZqkc03OkzYHay/neAnyEtDALXeqg0nKF8W1Pno8yH2w0odKg0fOxcrT73o+p0lZza/9yXUpT1p52k/9tBdME1daNDU/2IaH2M02d/YZ+Mq958GYtxvAOmfu9f4jzgRzsDoONB7NYFvBWrBD2wsk5dPLOVncpA3++6/sMvB1No6FrLGr9Xcw3aA/7STYAX88QY3wYWf7yimnnDIeO7jooovGm+89YuDZFy8g8YIQjyUkpC4+Qh3goUmcAeocfQafAebOhoFCcTcpVX5JL+KTvEVxbW/er/Csg19e8lM3k1vynUvXest4p076Fp7Oazrl4nmdlCVfvW2tW+mkK/96biKq/KVTN/nphzhlNW+eXlRvUd683lrn6Vul25b+VPqkwyv9Cp/EoVsUp+6isuSFr/PKk3yTc/LuLcnV4ZbxVOnDL3H4VpqaTjn68EvdSlfzkl7ruirvOa9ahl8tX5ae9y88Kn36tj0xPuEdXomNXTJf5T680dSxnf4oT/3Qhn/Ol8WVx5ymls35K6t5SSfGq6aX8V5GU9tWd36u3vaEWl9dylkcMMGUkWRbJeXdHRUKExwF9Glzju2cdz3fnj5uL+1q7QTX9Bnv5KWd+XnyxYt4z/NSf55f+YRmzjMYquvItmKKexRnNME9bYRfzhPXNhfl1XLp8Jnnr3WOt7prhUV9SJuLylbLm9dznrz0I/2q+fLCN/mJUw/udCYvg7b9mjFgPKCbh3kbocn4QZ886Xn78oTap5zXfqVcGRlYxCeygSah1kueONcTPuljbbNewyI+lTblNS9pcW1P+2lXWrkgL06x0I+ClZ/wipGV8jpmQpO+JMYjdIlTVuvUfigPTergk3y0qStfyHnqbcn9zW/Kl9GqN28rtDFInVf+lT40wQitUOn1IaHmw5Os271Rdy3JF1IvddKG8vShXp88tDnwSN2aVif1lCeNRlhUJ3lZq3KeeEvNLb/pWy3TBqzs1LLT2ssWr7zyyvFyZLsI3ITzkl6H8twgshZyYNkZ4J0P9EBOdGujndpHHHHE+KqEx77x0w7ngJdcekFk3fmrP8G29nejp++0AtpvJHSjo7ETrp+A297C22UQ8FxxIggZLDuiWbx8jsUbYLVhIESJ2RH8m0cjsKsRMFVlYbEYeUvwVVddNcYXZ4H3fFg0slju6v52+43AjkAgcp/YHZH3vve94+7S0UcfPbYD17m+5X9HoN481gsCdBtvercFmX5Dt/Hep9xNXC/97H40AjsaAXfRfcawvvTQeKAHRRfa0W2uB36csGwmL25k9DP+2U2cJnND3uMYdlqgySPWriH42IXgJq05ROAY4FjIrt+R2T9LEWgnwVJodkyBAU2ACay0O6DxLu6IFqI44uXxBgPBHVYDQXvzAbUj2mwejcAdhUCVb23Wc+PKQmLbtQWCt73KextLd9S/1O3sbATqXO6uCWNJnrtMHGRCxkbind2n5t8I7GwEyLKDou+xTfoN3cZOGnpUDIGd3Y/m3wjsCgRsk/eosu3z9Js9MWS9EgsZ0xwFdDixPDpe9DtrnzwHGucc5SkPz+CFB2eDsKNtsLSxp8btJNjJ/yxhdcyFd2cYMNrJYHFZ84Gyky+12TcCOxyBuQzPz2uD87L5eaXtdCOwOyAQGTavW0Nybv2QphhRlJJfr2lRXi3vdCOwuyFQjYPdre/d30bgtiBQbYU9eU53bY7YSsuwQiNY99YKoa18M4dsK4+12tjTy9tJcAf+wwR1WwT7tnQpgr+z+N+WPnWdRmBHI5BJv+V8RyPb/NYjAlkzElMYKVFV/uNASP9Dm/OOG4HdFYHIsliI3Cd/d72u7ncjsL0I1Hl+T5V/15VrM9Zdcw1zBwLahFpPXs5T3vFtQ6CdBLcNt+2qFWGNQBP+mt4uZguI57zS3gLSzmoEdnsE5vI+d5C1/O/2f3FfwK8RmMt6gInylLWkKk/qOGpe6nXcCOyuCCwbC7vr9XS/G4FtQWCu36hjLMRhti081itNxrT+5XqSl/NlfZ9jsOg8dee8trWN1N/IcTsJdvK/f0cI43xw5JKW5ae840Zgd0FgPo6qbC9LW1zbUNpd/uHu5zIEIvvKo+xE5quMJw9dTTvv0AjsjgiQ48gy2c+5a3Ge8bA7Xlv3uRHYXgSqwyDjYnt5rEf61a5lXjY/n1+PcmE+NyzLn9fv81sjsOVbGrfO67MdiMAdvZCZRBLmgyT5HTcCuwsCyyb2yHbKF11POwgWodJ5uxsCZH0u55H/yLjy5Lm+mt7drrf72wgEAXJcZVmazDtqfug7bgT2dAT2RLl3TXWNq+l6vTXf/8zemeehX1Sn5s/r7Okyc3uur50Etwe9bai7SBgX5W0Dq6UkGRD4Su9o/ksb7oJGYCcjENnWTE1XGa/5kf/qLNvJXWz2jcBOQyByXo2iyHbi0OiEdPJ3WqeacSNwByFAnjO/k+vIeuI7qBvdTCOwyxCoc3p1Cu+yDu3AhpetVRnztanMBSlzPl8X67yQdOI5r3re6eUItJNgOTY7vCTCGiHXQPJqnIFT85Ke15GfsvAVhwf6pCtt6tRy6YTUcY7Wea0jv9I479AIzBGYy8y83PlaNIvkLHUi85WvvCymqRv6eZzyeT9qfnirm/ryFtGEtuNGIAhUmUmeeC5POa/0yav1yLd8Mk4GnddxkPxaZ1l63lbL9DKkOn8RApGfxKGp54vSczmbn+Mzz4tBgF/GQG2vtiPfuRd9JqRcXHlLO1KeuqnXcSOwGgJVbipdlbHkV1rlVT4X0chDF30m9edzPjpl9ZBXQ+rKk65t17L0O3HlsaPTuS586xq2qJ15+fw880Pqpry2kbJFeSnr+NYI9DsJbo3HDj+rAzzMM5AJcQRZXtKhq3EG8Wo0GdR1AMz51vOka6xNbSRv3n/nyuYDsva1041ARSCylDznQuRImlyRu8ievLmsW9TkRb4X8Z3XwSch7TqvdJFpn5NL0FY9T744fCqPWt7pRmAZAnOZDd08n0w6fAs+YS7/yjMW0FS5rOmUhT5ymzYTK1fmSF7a7rgR2B4EqvzUdHgkLzKZfDKujNyLhchj0nUc1Hm60qNNG9LCvK0tub9NV/mHpuNGYFsQmMugOlUOa7rykx/5zPyc89RxLk0vSV7iyivpRWXykp920MsTat7I6J8Nj0A7CXayCGRAzptJfiaCReXKqqGSOqHN+TxWLk/IoJ+fK0s9aWERTfJDW/klPSr3TyOwBgJkyBHDpp6TdfLkiKzV8rCWJ0T2QlvLU5a8ZbE2hbQbujlP+VVxXNSv1O24EViEwFxuQxNZqjI4l79F5/KMozpuwjNxeGe81fw6RvCY06zGN3w6bgTmsrkIkWVyWGkX8Znn1XPphCrLya95c1kOTfiFNufhu2hcpKzjRgACy2SkylKlieyROfmCtCNlyROHxvxceaasztvKQxOZRickf8vZll95QmgrTe3zFur+3agItJPgDvjn54Nx3mQGp4GZCSM01TiRFxrpDG7pZSH02qgTSqVP+zVPOv2Wrm0lv+ah6dAIzBGYywp5JodkZ74QLZNDPNWLwyw8xVWmnVce2ghtZDU0qTfvQ8ZL6OfXU8/ndWtZpxuB1RCockmOhMiktHL5uWskLzK5SEbDIzSJ1VOGX8bPovqhE9d+OO/QCCxDgFxVWat0tUxaQJt8crhI1lKOfi67v/rVr261u2YRjTw8HPiLhfRztXbTdu3nqNw/jcAqCMzn1MhRrbIoT/mifHlCZFa65qVOZDnn6BKUCXWMVR7zPqeeOHxrXqc3JgLtJNjJ/3sdlLUp+Q4DeD5Y54N72YCtBhdeWdi0UyeXtBu+KUusPP1Muk4sqV9pat2Ud9wILEKgGvjK5/I+L4+cbauMoXcsktna3pymjitl8/bCV34tC23iRdfceY1AEKjzbmSmylPoIm9VjkMfmhozmBj+eFW68JnLrbrK9CcOg/nYC82i/tW2O90ILEOAjAlkqMronH4us6kjrjzm9VY7J8/azRhaNsfXcYDGecbEavy7rBFYC4HM92QwMl7z1M+8K7/O06FPjA6fOh8rE2renM8g+PUP+vBTJ+nQzM+T33EjAIF2EuxkOZgPwGWDuebP66SL8tFZzMQmj8RolAuZPCzQ0osWv7SRyWpU/PVPypzWSWrOv9LV+p1uBBYhUGVJOdkVotBJVxlLORl25LzSz+s4n4eMkfB2bkzkHD3+VZ5rWnkdJzWtrEMjsBoCkT805MoRGZYWyJ9Q5S71QqM8dNIJc3kMPdqUJU+d8Kh3ZdOW8kW08js0AmshQHYcke+16KvcVVo8yGnK53xTrk5Nz3nkHE36JC3U8eFcvvbEeSdCxoryDo3AHAGyskxGqpyl3qK8yLgYL0flu6hO+NW6ke9f/vKXt9pts1r/8E698Ewc3jnveGMi8Ju3Im3M69/pV10H6HywU+Ac11xzzfStb31r2m+//aaHP/zh013ucpfRr0wa6n3jG9+YPve5zw06k4CB/YAHPGDatGnT9OAHP3i6733vu9UZcMsttwy66667bvD+xS9+sdUowvMe97jHaOeQQw6Z9tprr7Ewfv/7359uuOGG6frrr5+++93vTtqgRKaNRz3qUdPee+89Jq8onvXadjqQ3cBuiUBkRefJi4NskedvfvObQy4f+9jHTne/+92HbMWhRfbI4le/+tUhjz/96U9HvXvf+95Ddo2Thz3sYVsVOvx/9KMfjTrkmAynzv3ud7/pwAMPnB7ykIdMD3zgA7eOE218+9vfnq666qoh+zfffPMYe8aE8XTAAQeMseU8/dJOFtVeRKHRYS0EIi9k7ctf/vJkfia7++6770SeyRH5Mla+973vDVm88cYbp+985ztjDrYe3POe95we9KAHTfvvv/+ohyd5/exnPztde+21kzneOoHH3e52t63p+9znPqMNcm/MaO/HP/7xZG3QF+MEf+MP/0c84hFjHVKvQyOwFgJznQZ95N38Sta/8IUvjLmejJlTySGaHD//+c/HemCuJ/fOlaEnt495zGOGTNJbEvC2fnzlK1+ZbrrppjH3KzfX06PIMd2lztvG0xe/+MXp61//+vSzn/1sjLu73vWug5YepV7GTtrpuBFYDYGqA1d9wLx69dVXj/mYHD70oQ/dquNkfETn/trXvjb0dbzoHejJ4iMf+cgxN0eGjQu09JUf/vCHQ4bJL73cOKGjm8Or/WBdoA85yP1PfvKTsZakT9YgdQVjWR9qvNq1d9nGQKCdBHfA/5yFVFOZIAxeA/bKK6+czj333KHo/emf/ulYsAzUTDgmBsbSf/3Xf03nn3/+9IMf/GBMAvgY3I9//OOnpz71qdNhhx02JhZtMMA+9KEPTR/84AenT37yk1snKosuw8lietxxx00HHXTQcBKYrC677LLpAx/4wIhjvGmDgXT00UdPf/iHfzj97u/+7q2cEdrq0AishkAWOGOAPDFQPvWpTw35pDweeeSRQ27JWQJjn/L3nve8Z8ikBTF8yC5F84gjjpg2b948jH/1KJeXXnrp9JGPfGQogmSaIkkZZGAdfPDB0+///u9Pxx577GiPMUXOP/rRj07/+Z//OX36058e/WMcqbfPPvtMRx111PQHf/AHEycGHhmTUQwyltPvjhuBOQLk3sFBcMEFF0xvf/vbh7Pr5JNPnk488cShOEapM7d/7GMfm97//vdPn/nMZ0YdczbDxZ1NiiZ5VJdiyKFw0UUXTR//+MdHWttkUh3yz3gSDj300OmP//iPx3pBdo2Td7/73dOHP/zhrTKtjxRM4/H444+fOJDJfIdGYDUEMheiIUM5N4ea68kYmb/88suHc+BFL3rRdNJJJw1jXh00HF1kns5C18GD8WNNIOfm7Gc+85ljHjb/k3F055xzzpi/GUD0JPKqnBPimGOOGfM9Qwu98YD/O97xjnHjRBscGPe6172G0+0pT3nKGI/0qVxDYv3s0AgsQyByH32Ag4Dc09fpH7/3e7839GcO3gTrgTFhHv7v//7v4RAm75F58y+Zp7eY/+krHFxsBToOPd6aIM5NEPO2+ds8rk/0KPYF2+ETn/jEaINMGyOcEHg/5znPGfXrzplcT3Su9LnjjYlAOwl28v9uwDkygeTcXSAK4Xvf+94x6J2bXCyuURrRUgQZ8Ggthjx/DgscJwMngJhRwztosDvHi7OAM8JdKwunyYbBZQG2+8CEoQ27GBhu2rD44sUQM8HxvjPmLLZ4mJAEk5b6ua6dDGOz300RiLyTE7LIC855ZXG0iD3hCU8YRlMujyFu4bvkkkvGQeYtaLn7xJCywNpVw3i3Q0DgJODkIsMURgslOcaLIsrochf18MMPH+0ZY5wE+PCwWziNK2PEXdYvfelLg488bTO85kqja5vn5To63ngIkIcaqmy4S3rxxRcPxZCsmdfJKRqHuuZsd4rMt5nr7X4hqxRE+RRNY+ZJT3rSmMfJ56aVu6CcW+Sc/LobRV4pn9ow1+NvbTB+Pv/5zw+nNL7K1DWmzPfWmvvf//7DIVGV2npdnW4EgkAcp+TLEVkma9es7JBknJB7cyxad1fpLqGjq1gT6DHkkpFE9zB3Wx/oMMo4yMzp5Fp9vM3R5JkMcxCQdfnGkfXGukGW6Tva54wwt2ubbEcfovNIM8ysKYyj9E/coRFYhgCZjozQ3cmmufrCCy8czltyZScM/d74IJfoyKobIWReGZmnW3Nm2RmGj7rWCo4rugqDn75iTNgpY943Z1tLyLX14dGPfvTgQ+bpROZzjmTyT4e3Npj3jTv91BZngT5Vp4BzY7hDI9BSsJNlwARSFxzG9TUrC5lJ5J3vfOf0vve9byyeBq+BKaAxmdiWzVh63eteN+50Ugxf8IIXDM+6yYRX/B//8R+nD614yE0UJhS7A0wOURDdDeVhdDfJoDf5WGgtwowmfEw+//7v/z4WUXdbX/KSlwyPpLKzzjprTDJnn332uBMVZ0OdUHYyhM1+N0Yg8s9BYIH7t3/7t+mtb33rkFFySMYsWlEwyb2F7Ywzzhj07py++MUvnp7+9KcPeWXs/9M//dOQSUojpc64Oe+886Z/+Zd/GYsveX/5y18+dthYRJW98Y1vHI4wi61F2yLtjqo7WBbn0047beyY0U8yj5dx5dzialzop5C+RjnYjf+e7voORGAuF+Zx8y3HlfnTwYBh2JNLITLF2LGrxZzOkLJTxl1XsTpvectbhhzbjUAxNddzkNkh4K4pWcRTTLbJLqXRIwW2oXIsqMNB5w6XtYDM25XAMOOcMObIvvXJemR8Mb5yXTsQqma1hyBgvibnMaxdFqOHDJPlM888c+xoIZfGgrkavUCuGEmcu25SuKtvN+Wf/dmfjbQ89RkzDCb6ih2QDB5rhDuxnAevfvWrh3xzNvzt3/7t2GFAnrVFzyHD//Ef/zH0LU6D5z73ueNQRr96zWteMxwRj3vc44bzAE9GVs/v42/qn1UQIP/mY7Kd3YxkzTxtPubkVW6OjTy58cZxhobz+IUvfOHQuc25DPq/+7u/GzcP7W60LhgT9B66PmeA3QKvfOUrp80rOym1Ycel9cHcbhzSq4wVc/lrX/vacaPvyU9+8vTSl7502AJ2mP3zP//zkH03EJVtWnE4CBnLdVyPgv7ZsAi0k+AO/OtNJBZPE4HDnR9bkRj47nhSGC1OMcDd3WHsUzLlM1Rs/TegHXYFMHKUmyDwsvBpg9fcZOGRBAMerUXYXSNGEYVRsODyyGufR/6EE06YTjn5fZtjAAAsFUlEQVTllMGHk8Jko3/aoDwymizYFnghE9846Z9GYAECZIacUcgspIwb8seYIevVCLGAknledmVPe9rThhHEYCFrnF0er3H3hwFkRwLFj0dcOaPKoss5ZtHVNsXSWDCGeOAFiqzFktzbzupxGgu6saJvvPVvfvObB1/jiQJpfBijLfML/uTOupVcULbcrWGQcwTbrWUupfQJZJvyGKXMWGAMqUN2yTAHGXnjVDj11FNH2jxMUeTsIpO2YzuMIQf5veKKK4b8mufjJHY3Srm6nA7umprnOX2NC20wyvTXLgZGlvXHWMAzAY+EHgdBYmPHmcPJs/nUPB/Dn4FOX6D7kB3zsENAa24155NljmBOq9zNJ9fk/1//9V/H+DHna4Pxzzgil3Qac3qeq5Yml+Z3cm68GXvkmkFGh6Incfzqj0co7S6ji3Fi67dxZy3I2NzY/25f/WoIRB4Z9HQRxjw5Nfea78klGSZLDoGu4gYFOgY6+ePIRUcXUU7/oDOhMzbo9+ZnNwGf/exnjzocDw43D+n7HGfotI3OOkB3pwd5tM3jC5wCdhwba/R548/jC67D7prM6cZGnfdXw6DL9mwEfrP679nXucuuzsRgwBl87t4wvC1wlC+KmsHLaDKhUNbqZGKhY9yrYzJgDFk4DWjBAszoFyh0FkGLsXoWXnkOEwinhDtVDDCGGjqLrYWaYoq3SYLSqA3BpMWrbgKjCNj+p06C6+rQCKyFALkmP+SME+sZz3jGkH2Gv4UoY0Sc8UE+Y7xY9Iwf8uYwFvDBj9HjUM7QsW0vTgPeegsnZwCl0HjDS8CfYaYNY8+RQEG0eFtMKbTGINnv0AgsQiDzYBQsNPLM0+ZXMePF3XxrADlPHEUMPYcWhY5SuGnFCawsPG2djnON4RMjST0HOvRkmoFP+TMOPGuNHzlWB602jB/jKGuO+uTeGGLUkXe7fPRdnYT0J+cdb2wEqmyY48kOg5thzqlqzjW3khv6hGCOV4+8Rr7IKvmmf8TpQA+hk+BDrrNO5EYHOcaDsUPPYVhp29hCg5d25ZFntIw2si8oI//442VcMdAyZvWjQyOwFgLkhHzSE8gzXSN35+kbdI3M12TQvGp8cHCR+8ixMUFuOcnixCK7DP0qv+Q1er++GV/aMa7M/ZwL6NOfTStriTWAzWEMGaPmeWMBf3aD2HjQvwTnHRqB3kmwk2UgC43JwwA0YG0R5ckzSVDeTDAWJ8a9QWzhMmE4KI7qcQhYNCl2Bq8yPDN54MFY4hwQmyjw4q20KEoz8E1IdiPYyuourfomLf1wl5YiK6C12DpMLoK+yM+19CQyYOmfVRCIHFnEOMTIDFl2Z4fckWNBPjknW9IWMuODvFcaMmjRNVYsvOSTfDsn2xZG21xtPeUcU857bku2O6fGlsU0uwgssJwV4iyQ0h5J4HBwN8oYMb6U60vkPuNglcvvog2KALkjv+b5Jz7xicNA4rTKY2DkmIxHntBbK8gYY2ouY2jJG0OGPFIcq/zh45z8ew7cc9x2x7zqVa/aeoeIzFNOjUn8jEPrQtYojgxjRZ6xRfal9Sn98XdKZ0xu0L+3L/vXCJCFyAj5I8ccA4wfczejxa4wegnjm9zQNVJPXfO5ug7jImNCE/hZJ+gzZF49Ny44v8zvbnz89V//9dCN8LcLxrz9rGc9a+hZ0ujUpT+pq29pg2wzuvTVmqFMkK9vGRsjs38agRkC5MR8umlFr7f7i8yQY/OvF8pGPzffZt40v9NDyBZdQ6zMEd0GTwEvuk0cV9pT17hQRo6lHWSc/HOW0fvtNhP0zTjgWNCWMaau8cBBwKGsn3jJT38yRgaT/tmwCLSTYCf/9RloBrcBSHE0MVDI5MW4MYmYIBgwMcp5+9zFN7gpd57B4xG03VrdLJz4CgwZyp07rFm48eJRpxDiYUsdZdFdUvkWb/VMGIwsE5hJIsE5Xjnw1572c22h7bgRmCOQxYwMM5YshIIxIDjPwkqmeLcZKuTW3SHbq8m7u0xoLWYWP44wC6k7rMYM48gOGfJNZil7YgsnY4enXB/w4RRwrh4afI2BLL76lTFKxo0nxpl+1rGhrEMjsAwBskXeBLJDgSOXjB6ya+7PPEqWyKc1wDyPzpzsjhLZyzOsDBlzN5k1Dycml2TYo2MURG2b3ymHyowbhxDnW5Vn/THmHBkPynuOH5D1zyoIZE4kN+Rl/5W7//Qb+eQp8mq+JVNkjexyFpBxug+Z9ViO9cI7ZcioPM9b2zZtXOCnDTHDnoznzn/aFltnOCo8SqA9Oos2OQLUiZPCJRl/+ointYI+ZL7XP3kdGoG1ECCzm1YMcTJP/hjhdA6OAnLnvM6l9Ho6DueZRwjyCCX5JM92/XqfjKA+eaWz0E/oOB5pYAeY2wVt4cXYJ+tkWj3y6yDfGWfo8XFjxRiTtr5Yi4xd9GIHPh0agXYS7GQZqIuXtENIfgakicZRlUaThgXWwSgyQTDwTQoGtUWUISWopz5F0UCXtvh6/s4zT5RO9Oi8LIiDAZ9MYCYLC6i6QiaZeB3xU6bf0oK+53pGRv80AgsQIEvkS6B8CRRGgXyRU3KpjGzZdcBgsnhR3BhGnAEWS/LvXEymBXUtjujxs/h5BpvTi9JH7pVZRDkHLLgZd2Ih8i2tv/qnP3hLy5MW5JP7jJWR2T8bEoHITy4+87pzZWRGnLmT7JAn+fLIq7FhDHBMmb/d3WHgm7fluTPk/RveWcDRS+7N1XhoL21YH/LGd0ohRTBl2oqiStYd6avYgcYYE9Cmz8o6NAKrIVBlCx3ZEcg6GTcGyBaDRToHHUe+eZp8M37IuHFg3vast9j4wCt83VmlA2k3Mq49fM3V5vnc0FAHDZk3bpRnbneuDj7yqsxnDODboRFYhkBkOfMkWSM7kR/nmWPxMDe7GULe6CWcx3Rx8mmup9/IV8fYIK9u8rEDOMuU0985JbSdOsYDecZHHeNFH4w5h+Bcu2J02aFgDdJPofZ1ZPTPhkagnQQ7+e83iDN5JJ1Y0xYlg9mgjqGeQYqOovjnf/7n4+UiFs93vetdY5KwiFpA1UVv4Evj4ZlvgaJp2x2DieHkThLvozeeuhvrjpWF1GTBe45ndjOYbIRMOmlDnn5lQXXeoRFYhgA5IZN1wSRnkSGLF5kTLFLyyaut0rbrMXx8BYRnnQwz9B341XFC9vHhXPDyTW8Exod8e6GQrypwtDHAPHtNOUWrfXW1m2A86Lcxob525KXNKKposrCmbscbDwHyIZChyKTz5EchI5/meQYM5YzsRJYogR7/umbl+Wovn/ICNTJnJwHlz50iu2XUV8+8TP4c6Mip+dxY4VizbpB/fUBjDEqrr+2MwfRRP/QPL2MjRlnK6/VJd2gEKgLkhAwZA47MixwECeQwegZadcioR3LIrDukvgNPzuPgZUDhZ55mMJFdBhVZpw959puxxCFGvzFOjAXfhmdoeYEbmddWHAfS+qc/gvFpPBmD2pnP8+l/x43AIgTIk6MGMufI/EzeIlduUnhchj7y4Q9/eLw3yTiRz/jnMCOP9BLzdHQa8knuPbLmC1GcasYGmbcDQdCPtIOHc+PBuJNv3OkX3qHDQ9BX/XQ+v55B0D8bEoF2Euzkv70OtiycNc/AdJ4FKwutPGlGvc8eMvhtOWUgWRwZOhZN25YYUGh5Gj1zZ7udba4W2k2bNo0yl2mysWh674CF1qJMeUzbJiTpGER46kcmE3d4kyfuyWQnC88ewD4yXy8l8k9+LFgWM4HsofeIzcte9rLx/V4y7+6oxTNGPbn2ch/yyCtPsSOzyr2Z+q/+6q/GG3/zSAPjx2JMwbTzxoLMCNI2RVLskJcFUx30FlNGkz7qW5X7XEe9tk5vLASqDNR0UCBPZFMw15KhnMsj82RKnruo3ldDrm2xtl3VDgIGkPmeMSVN/qPwaZM8cy6Q8Q+tfPrQHO8t7r6ZLaDRD/WMCe0J2s6YU06RZKAxtsi99UXd0NTrq+nBrH82NAKZ58lFlQ2yRo4Ec6wQ+ZPmBDvppJNGHUaSmxfeM8AgsnuMMaU+ZzEnsR1kHGicYeTyOc95znjXDUcBmeVk8DUEjy7Qb/7iL/5itGfsCfqQ/onN8+rpE/7GSNaB0I2K/dMIrIKA+ZO8iB1kU8hcr4yMySeLHqEki3SXvFvDvO8xmsMOO2w4BzgB1Dcu7Ag2r9N7PI4Qx4CxYewpy/xNX2ELaEdf6PWRcX3SD2sG/YbORIdK35W33EOhQxBoJ0GQ2EWxicIgjwJJ+RMyuYgNYk4CXncTiUEsj7PAJGEiEEwOAiWPsmfRCx806jF25PPcmzzSvtgdK5MJOhOJOjmUCzG8wm9k9k8jsASByEkWHucCObdgRt7lR9EUU9b2X3m2lRFva55FjdxG3skjWYxSR66NIYseemVpO3QWRV517eIjJvOCxVpIP/A3jowRvCmtYnUE15NrGhn90wgsQICMkBlyZU5lgJA9shoZUiYo87yqZ6nRcmihofCRaTLKWDLPm//VM37EtmQ7yDg+1gntJBhTuVOqPw7l8tM+mbduuONK1rWnvOU8KHa8vQiQqcyZZInck215zqXJshsb5NAdUcYOGWccmd/loSGT9BPbqzmNOc44EjgaOM+sEV4460aJcRGHl8dznOtL4lyHNtXjLNC3OibQRn8KfceNQEWA/GQel++c3ETmU1bnWXTknpxyDJM/smrOdriBR9bRqG/eNh7wJt/Gh7levawj3nNjjJBXtKmrLTqPPgmJ8ZIvqEfu1ZHvSH977h8QbeifdhLs4r8/hkc1YAx8wWBlJFkkDdrNmzdvNYwslhdeeOHYVmdisFBSJDkOPrRyN8m3T91NeulLXzoWW+2YIKIE4m2RpYDa9uQFKhwHvJh2L+Al8OxTGrUxnzDwmOeNSv3TCPwagcgH+RWck8W6CJKjKkvGgm2mDHQ7AyiLxgSaa1bumJ599tlDzjnOvKDKgmw3jcWT8khmybA2yTy5VibEUOKxJ+MWRsaYcSNPG+p7lMebuS2guXurfq5HuvbZeYdGYI4A2SQzZFGaYka5k0f2HIJz8o6GIujb11H6OLK8kJNxROY4AeLUMi+T+fe///1DZvEir+6sosFP2+g40CiDxoI7suq5M6VtRpIxl/d2aNuR/uHboRHYXgSi35AxgaFOHp2TZfoIA4cecuzKN+LJpzma3Mm3O4auw3jiMJBPVo0hfPBXjpc0PvQasmvckHv8OIqNH3dgHRxx1hRrDYNLW9YZ4wYf/VO3QyOwPQhkro0zmP5uzo9BrpxO4gaEsWDHr5t/nF3kji5+3nnnjXGBjtyTX/JJL8HXOOH4ioxbGzyixumAtu6y1Hc7Me0+IN/WFuOHzJv/jQs7i40bgdxnrCYeBf2zYRHoWXAX//UWN5OBYAE0iSRQ8BhFnAEGuknAc6seMTCZePO7RdbC9uIXv3hs27NgKrNlj3Hv7iuFk+JoYrJVz4sL8TriiCOmTSuPI9jaanueb8qbNNSzVVW/PAPlk1oMKkaZiUyfTSD61xNJ/q2OlyEQebEoUrzIDSWPgkZeY8ioT+a8mOcNb3jDcI6R0SOPPHLIKz6ex4tDiwNh84rjjJFPRgVy/5rXvGZs0ybDFmfvNuBo40jLCxDJrYXRosupJrYFUH+cv+UtbxkOuoMPPng892q85DpGQys/LftBouNlCJARB9mJsph5k6xnTBgPlD3GvjtJ5nRvvaYkeo/GWWedNeZic7DHDsRZK8i2RxPsMrCGbFqZ08k5/s4TrAHGAFm3xfXNb37z+BwuZwIDypvkORAorZzFjK0OjcDtQYDjyzxP/oW6W1EeY4VOQr/hIOD0dRgPHAR5RwHDiOOXDDOsGELGibrqeUTNuXcRqKMdxo8DPfk2towTzjKGkvjKK6+cLrjgguEg+6M/+qPxLpz9V3awGbPz8XN7cOi6eyYC0QHIcmTcnO4w38szB2cdgIIxYU7Po5T0czoOmSejb3vb24YOn8fPyG+cB5y71gbvnDEG6P90H7o7XZ9O5KDHoDHPc/x6PMc4saaoo20ODO8vo0PhmWuII6OuHXvmv9dXtS0ItJNgW1DaiTQGpgnEAI4HOxOPQWqhYrRb5LzQxORDeeMFNNHwJlogKXaUQzQ8hrat8j4yqExWDCJOAs+4mgQYPZwN6rjTSnnEz91Tk4489SiuFEfGknbVTf8S70R4mvVujkDk22Xkzgy5IUfkW+wQ0CZY5Bg/DBqLKvlEx4FAAaTg5VNC+BoDlEh1OBLcJTJm8OEUU5fh5G6U4Nw44fyy8Bonxoc+cIxxPGRsUUzT9/Qvhl6PgSDS8WoIkCvybp53kL+MA7F5nqyas8krpZDcc9oy/s3LjCAKJeeXO0Z4OiiXDjJpq2nkNUoeGsG53TLmfDtvLrnkklHPGMBbm5wSyo0NbXdoBG4PAnQasi6QwzqPklfzNLk3r9M5zMEOeeZhOknmeTFDyFrA+OcQZgAxkIwRY4e+QpbN3Ywsd07N+95twCHBGUH2rQP6Io3enVnrhzhzesbP7bn+rrtnI0CGM5dHbpyTe4dgTs4c79z8Ly9f9GCsc1rRdbxHw67GyKz5Xr75PTsA6CbOxXQhux7xIL8cCnR9Y4lNQG/nEKALWVfwYE8YL/pp7s/NEn3LNWTNkNdhYyPQToJ18P8bqAY4w8fimMnFQDVJZMDyBubbqyYOnsSXv/zl486SBdHCSLE77bTThhPAFiTe+PPPP3/woFiafI4++ujp2c9+9rhDaqIwkbzqVa8ai6q7rnmMwQRoQT7qqKPG2+K9SdiiLt9RF/x1AGN3YR0ikEVH1yLHHF2UMQocxY8sZ7GlmLmTExm2Tc6XCSyGZI9jy50md1M3r3jA8cLjhS984Sgj85RGd4fIPflm9LgTdeKJJ45xpi1jjFwzznwxxOM5Ygu4RfO4444bj+vwtBtn+qX/uQZ8OzQCayEQ+ReTeS+YotyZ6+Wl3N18Cp65mfJIsbv00kuHvDGMyP3pp58+5m0vscIrgQwbG5y45mh3i8hnZFUb0mLPfj//+c+fzjnnnHEXVjtojUHtv/KVrxx9oGB2aARuLwL0EXLFQN+0Mg9zcDGQzMHmVPoFmbeV2i4AOs473vGO8agMQ548m7ePP/74Id90jmOOOWYY+eZwOwne9KY3jbuj9BvOLeV4bl5ZH8i7OZ3zi5zbkWMHJh1HH/SF/mMXgbne3N+hEdhWBKIHRDfIfE52ybZ5PUZ4dAg0dBayzUlFR6d7kEUOXnJLX+HYsl7Ip4N4fNiuHDoOvUjbGUNk3ledMm/j89znPnfsEDBG6PXvfe97x9qib3QvXz7z0lB9STAm9K91+yDS8Z3/ZiU0DLsOAQPdYufOvgWNES/PQHWYBORtWllgKYuMIgPYBHLKKaeMt/uaSCyEgkGO3sLHaYA3JTJKoDo+D8fQwgd/E5nFm0PChKEOJdbdWZOPNwgzqHL3Sv8cHRqBtRAgj4JFNHJN7siYhYzsku0sSlHcsjOAXHOcKbclzkLJyHnmM5856uNJvimjeFl4Lcry5ZFryt+pp546Hq+Jgppy27YpkMYHesYYmeekoDjqWxxjriPjUlq7+HRoBFZDgJwIZMcc6i6oR1vIJvmOAW/OJY/kFx15lOf5afJL7s37yjKu8LQmkGtzOuUSb3XN7WkXnX6go7wypvAhv9rjZPbZUV/SsQ5YE9RJ3waj/mkEthMB8zxZdBPElmryW3ckKqdz0H8ik+Zi5xzB5mE6i3Oyai0wH9NxrBF2xjCclBlXZJjDWMzZnHWF3BtbbsiQaWNDXXrSySefPOjN/fJb5rfzT27yMVeCwZxJ5hzknoOMnJJx8y3ZEsgjmebsRUt+yTTD3SfPGe+ReWV0/00ruoi5mvxrJ45lNzTQe7yALpNgHKnDcaCe+V8fnFsnnve85w2dCf/IPL4OIXnh1/HGRKB3Euzi/92iZDEzWZgIMkB1iyJoAMuzoBnYFtJ45Sl2Br9gAsDLoiuYICyA6pukbDPiQXSXyWJooknQjrp4W8RNPrY8ZWGlzGZySx1x+lfzOt0IVATIXw3kVB5ljTFCxshR5J4cCs4tmt7BYVzYgkouOQoonBxgWcRSN3zdRbJA22InVscYsBiro43IMz4WcuODg4HBxYiykOob3mjrdaTd9LVeX6cbgTkCkRNzdeZkafIsRMbE5DFvet+0ouCRO+OAjHKqoXGEp/oZJ7agqm8etw5kfs7akDrWBmsO55mxZGxlHMSI0oaQeJz0TyOwnQiQNfJM3qXJV4yiKpd0Eg5gskz3IPebVuTfGmEOzw7L6DfK1eF4IKN2IpB78zaZNndnnk6cseUxHuNQ+4wqbaib8VHn+u283CbfgAhkniWHkTX6PP2crNFfHEJkSx0OYGNDvexWjPxGzo2V6EeZt9kBHF6cY9YEa4OxUG8UagdfB9mm95Nvu9iMQToOm0Je+py/Ljqauh0agTutCMhvHgRuPBqBRqARaAQagUagEWgEGoE9CAGqbtTdxHEM7EGX2ZfSCDQCjcAOQ6B3EuwwKJtRI9AINAKNQCPQCDQCjcB6RCB3R8VxFKzHfnafGoFGoBFYDwj0ToL18C90HxqBRqARaAQagUagEWgEGoFGoBFoBBqBdYDArR8YXgcd6i40Ao1AI9AINAKNQCPQCDQCjUAj0Ag0Ao3ArkGgnQS7BvdutRFoBBqBRqARaAQagUagEWgEGoFGoBFYdwj0OwnW3V/SHWoEGoFGoBFoBBqBRqAR2NEI1HcR5B0FO7qN5tcINAKNwJ6AQDsJ9oR/sa+hEWgEGoFGoBFoBBqBRmBVBNoxsCo8XdgINAKNwFYE+nGDrVB0ohFoBBqBRqARaAQagUagEWgEGoFGoBHY2Ai0k2Bj//999Y1AI9AINAKNQCPQCDQCjUAj0Ag0Ao3AVgTaSbAVik40Ao1AI9AINAKNQCPQCDQCjUAj0Ag0AhsbgXYSbOz/v6++EWgEGoFGoBFoBBqBRqARaAQagUagEdiKQDsJtkLRiUagEWgEGoFGoBFoBBqBRqARaAQagUZgYyPQToKN/f/31TcCjUAj0Ag0Ao1AI9AINAKNQCPQCDQCWxFoJ8FWKDrRCDQCjUAj0Ag0Ao1AI9AINAKNQCPQCGxsBNpJsLH//776RqARaAQagUagEWgEGoFGoBFoBBqBRmArAu0k2ApFJxqBRqARaAQagUagEWgEGoFGoBFoBBqBjY1AOwk29v/fV98INAKNQCOwixH4v//7v9/qgbz//d//HfmJf4toJaPWDV3iRfSd1wg0Ao1AI9AINAKNwFoI/M5aBF3eCDQCjUAj0Ag0AjsegRj4d7rTnbY6BP7f/9viu5eXkLyc17jSJX9RXso6bgQagUagEWgEGoFGYC0E2kmwFkJd3gg0Ao1AI9AI7AQEGPO/+tWvpjvf+c7DScBpIE/MMbDM2K/Ohf/5n/8ZPUOPl4Cfo0Mj0Ag0Ao1AI9AINAK3BYF2EtwW1LpOI9AINAKNQCOwAxC4/vrrp29+85sTY3+fffaZHvKQh0z3uc99hqMgDoMaazLOg5tvvnn69re/PX3ve9+bbrnllpGv/iMe8Ygd0LNm0Qg0Ao1AI9AINAIbFYF2EmzUf76vuxFoBBqBRmCXIvDLX/5yuuGGG6bLLrts+uEPfzht2rRpeupTnzo9/vGPHzsL5rsB5jsIvvWtb02XX3759IUvfGH6yU9+Mj34wQ+ejjvuuOEkwPsud7nLLr2+brwRaAQagUagEWgEdk8E2kmwe/5v3etGoBFoBBqB3RyBn/70p9NXvvKV6a1vfet06aWXDuP+RS960XT66adPBxxwwLi67BpwUtMcBBdeeOH0xje+cbrkkkume9zjHtORRx45PexhD5sOPPDAaa+99trN0enuNwKNQCPQCDQCjcCuQuDOf7MSdlXj3W4j0Ag0Ao1AI7BREWD03/Wudx2Xz1nw9a9/fbrpppuGM8CjB466mwC93QQ/+9nPpk9+8pPT61//+umDH/zgoDn22GOnU045ZTriiCPGjoLVXna4UfHu624EGoFGoBFoBBqBbUOgP4G4bTg1VSPQCDQCjUAjsEMRuNvd7jbtv//+09FHHz0dfPDB0+/8zu9MX/3qV6ePfexj09VXXz394he/2PrVgzTs84Y/+tGPpi9/+cvDqcBx8NjHPnY6/PDDB4999913OA3yaELqddwINAKNQCPQCDQCjcC2ItA7CbYVqaZrBBqBRqARaAR2MALeG+Blg15caBeBFxnaUeDlhQ94wAOmhz70ocPo5wxA4yWHb3vb28ZjBl/84henQw45ZHrFK14xPf/5z5+e/OQnj8cOOAjQz0PyE3M4oBMnT53k17zKS7lQ20ideVzrzfnNz1ejrWWdbgQagUagEWgEGoGdi0C/k2Dn4tvcG4FGoBFoBBqBpQh4LICjwE4Ajxxce+210ze+8Y3xGIHdBV5ieP/7338Y8R494EQ477zzpiuuuGLae++9p6c85SnT5s2bp00rLz1kdFfDm1MBfzsPOB58CcEXEbTnUQbvMeCgkBZi/KsTPsnzYkTvQfjBD34wDuf3ute9pnvf+97DoYGHFyemrtgnGbX9/e9/fzwiod373e9+k5cquka88LD74UEPetBkZwXHQ46loHVBI9AINAKNQCPQCOxUBNpJsFPhbeaNQCPQCDQCjcBiBBjgjGlhv/32G7sGvKOAgc4gZ9gz9HO3X5qTwI4DNIxuLyrkLMBLXt5hkPSPf/zj6cYbb5w+97nPTXYeMMw5Bxj0HnXA02MOdi7EwNcfbSoLP4a+Rxwc11133TD0Y+Az8vHSd04AfVHP4To++9nPDufEPe95z3GdHqPgEPFIhbocJJwE2ldX2x0agUagEWgEGoFGYNch0E6CXYd9t9wINAKNQCOwgRHI3XYx49quAAYzg9wdeF8tePrTnz4df/zxw+C2e+D8888fBjbYjjrqqOlpT3vacBLgUQNDmzPBiw19OeHKK68cTgJfVOAQYLBzLjzpSU+aTjjhhPE+A7sK7AwQOBkY83hcddVV00c+8pHpE5/4xPSlL31p7ALQHicFPg984AOngw46aHxdwScYfZkhjg2OiTPPPHPskHCNj3rUo4aD4fOf//xwNqDVDmfHwx/+8N9yVNRr6nQj0Ag0Ao1AI9AI3DEItJPgjsG5W2kEGoFGoBFoBG6FQO64x6D2eMGrX/3qsf3/rLPOmi666KJhtDPGGdDOGevqbV55xODUU08d7ySwTT+Bce/rB16AeO65507veMc7hjF+97vffXwWkYPAHX40nA6XXXbZ9KlPfWo66aSTBj/vNRBuueWWUe7zjNq85pprhuFvxwPHgkcJfv7znw+Hwac//enJwalhp8KLX/zi6ZGPfORwNNh1wEnx3e9+d9S//PLLx+MTdiFsWnlEgqPCjgW8XBfnAzxcR4dGoBFoBBqBRqAR2DUItJNg1+DerTYCjUAj0AhscAQYxDGGxZwBj3jEI4bh/4EPfGAY3O64M9If/ehHT5/5zGfGnX0OA7sInvCEJ4xn+vNIQB4PsFvg4osvnj760Y+OxwM8TsAgf9zjHjccBd4J4J0CHkFgxHs/gDv+3/nOd4bB7m+RZ+cAw9/jAvp64IEHjh0DXqaor3h4/EAfvVDxhhtuGOd2QQgMf30RJ+ijdyzYUWDnAmeB3QR2MGgjgaOgQyPQCDQCjUAj0AjsGgTaSbBrcO9WG4FGoBFoBDY4AhwDMYZj6Nu6/8xnPnNszz/jjDPGjoB/+Id/GMa09xHY3v+CF7xgetnLXjZ2F6QeXtLiL3zhC9M555wzve997xtOgZNPPnnU8eiC+gx3LzDE713vetf0ute9brwM0XsFGOz6wGnwzne+c+wQcIf/mGOOGW0edthh46sLnAR2E+RFim94wxuGg8CuBI8n2G3g3QcJHAD42GFw+umnj0ccOET0106I7IbAE211GIRHx41AI9AINAKNQCNwxyDQToI7BudupRFoBBqBRqARuBUCcRBkm71Chr7n8zevPE7gLj0j3hb+H/7wh+PuvXzvKLAzQEjd8Pre97639SsJyt2195JCxreXBdpVoA313OH3+MFee+01XjDokQG7Fk488cRxp/8lL3nJ2DmgjncNPOtZzxrOCjsROBnypQS7A6QFfJUL3jXA2FdfvmAHwZFHHjl2QVQnSdJohZyPk/5pBBqBRqARaAQagTsUgXYS3KFwd2ONQCPQCDQCjcBvEKjGcDX43dV/7GMfOwx6Rji6+973vtNjHvOYcScfB3mMcHH4MNZ90UAdgaHuzr67+nYYCL5CoJ72OA7sLHDuvQMeGXDukQI7DzwSwPHwgAc8YDyC4F0GeHJceMEi54XHEfKIgXJ9ETgj7BDIuTzXYDeDEMfGPL3oXF6HRqARaAQagUagEbhjEGgnwR2Dc7fSCDQCjUAj0Aj8FgKLDGVGPOPcln3vH2DIC3YYHHrooaPMubrVsSCPg8BnB70vQPCugHe/+93TBRdcMGg5DzgMUo8Bj1Z87bXXjraceyzAexA4D7xs8E1vetP4ZCH+HAHy0XEOOOwekGfHgkOwKyAOAmUO7x7wHoIOjUAj0Ag0Ao1AI7B+EWgnwfr9b7pnjUAj0Ag0AnswAjHUc4nV6He33aMCPhuYIM+jAx4PYHyjd0jHGMfTYwS+TsAod+4IPSeBsgRl3i+AN4eExwEY8gx97yW48MILp7PPPnv6+Mc/PvikPfVj+McpIE/d7BSw40Bb6YNYfe2lP+p0aAQagUagEWgEGoH1hUA7CdbX/9G9aQQagUagEdggCDCYhWowSzOmGeCCu/FJM/AZ5JwA2cZfeaCzC0Ed+fhwKHh0wDZ/aTzkexQArxjsPpHoEQePM6DzpQM7CLyjwOME6uRlhfqlvkcQ8OUI+Pa3vz3eS4AufUraucO1OYTQjJP+aQQagUagEWgEGoF1hUA7CdbV39GdaQQagUagEdgoCCwylBnfCQx62/hj1HMCcADECRA6cXihqV8L8NnD5z3vedMTn/jE8ZJCvDgZ8EDnkQHvF+Aw8FUDjxjg9f73v3/6+7//+/F5QzsCOB+8I8EjDxwD++233/TkJz95PDrgE4jnnnvudMUVVwwnhD5oh1Oh9lW+4Lo6NAKNQCPQCDQCjcD6RaCdBOv3v+meNQKNQCPQCOzhCMx3EcTYl89hEMOa0Z2dBIkZ4LkzHz4eUWDIe+7fuwnc5fcOAga+RwnwZPSrq+zqq68exj1auwm8iNCLC+0i+NKXvjRoGfu+ePCKV7xifJWAcyGfN/z6178++eyhnQSCuhwP+p2vHOhbjjyCsIf/rX15jUAj0Ag0Ao3Abo1AOwl267+vO98INAKNQCOwuyLA8I8TYH4NjGrOAE4DNGiF7CyIg6A6FdTxqID3FjDindslcP311w/DHQ/1GPl4e6TAFw8uvfTS8aUC7xNQx06D7373uyPWpl0G3o3gUQQvNNQmB8ONN944+WziJz/5yfFVBPl2HOQRBryEeo25nlHQP41AI9AINAKNQCOwLhFoJ8G6/Fu6U41AI9AINAJ7OgLVeGbAx+B33criHIiDgAHO8GbgC+idx/CWthvgwAMPnA4//PDpy1/+8jDevXiQUW83AEOfo0DZxRdfPB4T8M6BffbZZ9q0adP47KEXD8ZhgJaTwI4DOwbsRHDYQfD2t799vNTQZxPTB18+iJMAnT6l/3jpX66jXu+4oP5pBBqBRqARaAQagXWBQDsJ1sXf0J1oBBqBRqAR2IgIVCM/1y/PtnwHQzvOAoa+c0Z8DO84GjgOlAnu9v/Jn/zJ2PrPkPdpw9e+9rXTe97znvEFA3U9XsDQv/nmm0cd7yPwSIK6jPhDDjlkvMjwmmuuGeUf+9jHxs4BLzdk7Nud8LWvfW18DhGBPusDh4JdCPqVzyLGGaBM2/KTN5j3TyPQCDQCjUAj0AisKwTaSbCu/o7uTCPQCDQCjcBGQmA1Y9mz/Yx4hjU6TgAxgzzOAVjF0SCN1iMHBxxwwHTQQQcNh8KPfvSjQXPVVVdN11133eBRDXV8vceAgyDvGuCIcNc/bWU3AeeAwGGRdvWJYwFP+XYTCMnjPEi/8z6EQdA/jUAj0Ag0Ao1AI7AuEWgnwbr8W7pTjUAj0Ag0AhsZAYZ73h0ABwY545sRXoN8IU4DTgJpnyf0HgE8YsyjY8gLjHa0AiPeiw733nvvUVeZuh45wCt0+FTngD7KU54D/+wYEDtH4xC+//3vT3FaaKdDI9AINAKNQCPQCKw/BNpJsP7+k+5RI9AINAKNwAZAgOG8yFCWxwD3/oDjjjtu3NFnhB977LFjh4B07s7HORC4co6HxweOP/748XJCDga7BDwqoC7j3ZcIOAJ80vCII44YjgW842TQNufBTTfdNOjvc5/7jL7YDYBO/71/wOcQORi+8Y1vDKeEdvFw2M3w9Kc/fbzTgOPiyCOPHC9WXHTduYaOG4FGoBFoBBqBRmDXItBOgl2Lf7feCDQCjUAj0Aj8FgKMaHfzTzjhhOmhD33oMOwPPvjgad999x2GPidCDTHu4ySw1f8hD3nI9JznPGc69NBDh0PA4wOcBHhzGnASoNPO4x//+PHywvD1joJnPOMZwynBSWBXAEcAp4C0Iw4HfbJjwXsOOBU4N7JzAF/vR/D+Ap9nfNrTnjYcE+lvvYZONwKNQCPQCDQCjcD6QOBOKwv5lj2A66M/3YtGoBFoBBqBRmBDI2BZzp12d/2FGO8BRn7yKn3Kk8cYd4SWcc/QtxsAjTLGfpwHi/j6JKL66ilXL8GOhLzHwKMIaDgq0n51JqStXFt4dNwINAKNQCPQCDQC6wuBdhKsr/+je9MINAKNQCOwARGIUS12VEPbeTX0pbNjIPUCmXOBIV7Ttbwa6Xg5T154q+uo/cBjTh++8tFzJixqF10cBtLVGeG8QyPQCDQCjUAj0AisHwTaSbB+/ovuSSPQCDQCjcAGQoAxvciYr/mM7+wCiAG/DKJ5efigZ5Qz+LUXA73SV1r0Oa+xdHVO5Dw06tWQ/NqO8rRfaTvdCDQCjUAj0Ag0AusHgf8PpnC4fdAIVxYAAAAASUVORK5CYII=" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="400" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Fallout of anthropogenic radionuclides (including caesium-137). Credit: Hancock et al., 2014, <i>Geol. Soc. London</i></td></tr>
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I think it is pretty obvious that a piece of the anthropocene Earth should be sent into the cosmos as our next geological postcard. This period, in which humans have begun to leave an indelible mark on our planet, is uniquely representative of Earth's capacity to support intelligent life. Caesium-137, however, with a half-life of only 30 years, is not a great choice. It will not be able to journey very far into the vast expanse of the universe before it decays away to almost nothing. So instead, I'd like to send an actual rock that is a direct product of the first nuclear test.<br />
<br />
After the bomb detonation on 16 July 1945, a glassy residue was left on the desert floor at the 'Trinity' test site. The glassy deposit is composed mainly of feldspar and quartz-rich sand grains that were melted during the blast. This rock<span style="font-family: inherit;">—known as<span style="font-family: inherit;"> <i>trinitite</i><span style="font-family: inherit;">, after <span style="font-family: inherit;">its type locality</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">—is us<span style="font-family: inherit;">ually light green in colour, and is mildly radioactive.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiS-QuCV-U-aTKRjRA5SvTT_SuOU0_TMaTC2rKg7R2e__i3zNsnMw7Y76SSgqNaEtpUW9FBXB0f6qj3rY22k1LpmQoJGyAdT4GfcstBHY3bsqY5I-yNPA_E2k2a59qiXCSAyjeZBRWML65Y/s1600/Trinitite.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiS-QuCV-U-aTKRjRA5SvTT_SuOU0_TMaTC2rKg7R2e__i3zNsnMw7Y76SSgqNaEtpUW9FBXB0f6qj3rY22k1LpmQoJGyAdT4GfcstBHY3bsqY5I-yNPA_E2k2a59qiXCSAyjeZBRWML65Y/s1600/Trinitite.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">A trinitite hand specimen, produced by the first nuclear bomb detonation. Credit: Paul M. Schumacher</td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
I like to think that our hypothetical alien planetary geologists are a friendly race and would extend a hand of peace if we ever encounter them. As evidenced by the anthropocene, we are now able to alter the workings
of our own planet. So let those aliens beware the destruction we would unleash<span style="font-family: inherit;">—<i><span style="font-family: inherit;">Independence Day</span></i><span style="font-family: inherit;"> style</span></span><span style="font-family: inherit;">—</span>if they turn out to be not quite that welcoming. A piece of trinitite should therefore serve as a suitable example of the awesome and destructive power humankind can wield when we put our mind to it.</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17018373259426682282noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3377534331778141029.post-87924171009806825002014-12-17T10:18:00.000-05:002014-12-17T10:18:19.824-05:00This time, it's quantity that counts<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">If we were to rank all the minerals within Earth by their abundance, and use that ranking to pick a candidate for our interplanetary adventure, then we would have an easy winner. This mineral—which makes up about 38% of the Earth's volume—is thought to be the most abundant on our planet. It has been known for some time that this silicate mineral—(Mg,Fe)SiO<sub>3</sub>—has what is known as an <i>orthorhombic AB</i><i>O<sub>3</sub> </i><i>perovskite </i>structure. Until very recently, however, it did not actually have a name. But now, based on work described in a new <a href="http://www.sciencemag.org/content/346/6213/1100.abstract" target="_blank">study</a> published a few weeks ago in <i>Science</i>, the first detailed characterization of this long-known mineral phase has been conducted, and the mineral has finally been named.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 16px;"><br /></span>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVzwHt_rMyKeD8u16yk1Qm9kvgIJAT3a7f_eoHt9q-fCf2p3AGZCm8R-TDjuZvQczWqfBejH4Jev-K9eEFgbPeLcgChuHPeo5H9d_xi7U8RgFSrnG53Jm0DWsBoisXRVj8qGg3ObIewhBz/s1600/abo3+perovskite.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVzwHt_rMyKeD8u16yk1Qm9kvgIJAT3a7f_eoHt9q-fCf2p3AGZCm8R-TDjuZvQczWqfBejH4Jev-K9eEFgbPeLcgChuHPeo5H9d_xi7U8RgFSrnG53Jm0DWsBoisXRVj8qGg3ObIewhBz/s1600/abo3+perovskite.gif" height="298" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The 'ABO<sub><span lang="EN-US">3</span></sub> perovskite structure'. Credit: T. Imai et al./NTT Photonics Laboratories</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Through the study of seismic waves, i.e., the energy generated by earthquakes, scientists can learn about Earth's interior structure. At certain depths—known as <i>discontinuities</i>—below the planet's surface the propagation of these waves changes abruptly. It is these changes in seismic wave velocity that help us build up a picture of the Earth's innards, in which a solid inner core, a liquid outer core, the lower mantle, and the upper mantle lie beneath the crust.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAWpmewQsWUQTvVpH9libqhWK2eCLhf_NJCq8W5rGZa8-kuhdY7PunOlFgVok6nqNQ2jT19H1if-vhjv9B5o2id1QzV-zznT6KLAvPUIegZVGMLrqopQ6wRMhsvON-Y1gNEbKIdi9Q2as_/s1600/Earthinterior.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAWpmewQsWUQTvVpH9libqhWK2eCLhf_NJCq8W5rGZa8-kuhdY7PunOlFgVok6nqNQ2jT19H1if-vhjv9B5o2id1QzV-zznT6KLAvPUIegZVGMLrqopQ6wRMhsvON-Y1gNEbKIdi9Q2as_/s1600/Earthinterior.jpeg" height="312" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Interior structure of the Earth, showing the dominant mineral species in each layer.<br />Credit: P. Huey/Science</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: inherit;">As I discussed in a previous <a href="http://intrepidpostcards.blogspot.nl/2014/06/journey-from-centre-of-earth.html" target="_blank">postcard</a>, getting samples from deep within the Earth is not easy. Such materials normally take the form of diamonds or <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenolith" target="_blank">xenoliths</a></i>, and tend to come from the upper mantle. But most material from the lower mantle—the region where our previously elusive mineral resides—does not survive the trip to the Earth's surface, and is therefore not readily accessible for geologic study. A combination of very high-pressure experiments, thermodynamic calculations, and first-principle modelling studies are therefore required to discern the major mineral constituents in each of these unreachable layers.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Official mineral names are approved by the International Mineralogical Association. But to suggest a name for a mineral through these official channels, its structure must be characterised from a naturally occurring sample. And this is the reason why our abundant mineral from the lower mantle has remained nameless for so long. In the absence of a suitable sample, researchers have been unable to conduct the required structural characterizations and therefore no name could be assigned. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: inherit;">But in the recently published work by Oliver Tschauner (University of Nevada, Las Vegas) and colleagues, a meteorite sample (Tenham) has come to the mineralogical nomenclature rescue. The authors have studied part of this <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chondrite" target="_blank">chondrite</a>, which fell and was then recovered from a remote part of western Queensland, Australia, in 1879. During a brief impact event, the parent body (i.e., an asteroid) of this meteorite experienced a period of very high pressures (more than 25 GPa) and temperatures (about 2500 K). These conditions are comparable to those in parts of Earth's deep interior. During this impact, some material melted and formed so-called <i>shock veins</i>. It is within these veins that Tschauner et al., found clasts of the 'missing' mineral to study.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Having found the required sample they next undertook a series of synchroton micro-X-ray diffraction and electron probe microanalysis measurements to definitively determine the mineral's crystal structure and composition. Their results were sufficient to meet the stringent requirements of the International Mineralogical Association, and the authors were finally able to propose a name for Earth's most abundant mineral. The name they settled on—<i>bridgmanite</i>—was chosen to honour the Nobel Prize laureate Percy W. Bridgman (1882–1961). His serendipitous machinery malfunction led to pioneering work in the field of high-pressure experiments, which paved the way for the field of modern-day mineral physics and our understanding of Earth's interior.</span><br />
<div class="p1">
<span style="font-size: 16px;"><br /></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhulnG907Wb0kUyn1E_itw9gw2BpX2r3BJooOFA3QrEgFOXmNlhZX3fTdC06lcFCes6LKdyVCzUMGqvYd4Vmrr436cWXTtuYoNIj8U6v9-8lV4mdkXqxGtoj1LC8yIuA15FOTpKLtH56cBz/s1600/bridgman.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhulnG907Wb0kUyn1E_itw9gw2BpX2r3BJooOFA3QrEgFOXmNlhZX3fTdC06lcFCes6LKdyVCzUMGqvYd4Vmrr436cWXTtuYoNIj8U6v9-8lV4mdkXqxGtoj1LC8yIuA15FOTpKLtH56cBz/s1600/bridgman.jpg" height="318" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Percy W. Bridgman. Credit: Smithsonian Institution</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="p1">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">The Tenham meteorite—together with the newly named bridgmanite it contains—is yet another example of a geologic specimen I am choosing for our cosmological journey, which is not quite <i>of</i> the Earth. But with a hefty 38% of the mineralogical vote, brigmanite is a serious contender that cannot be ignored. So until we devise a way to get a terrestrial sample of Earth's most abundant mineral from the lower mantle itself, this meteorite will just have to do.</span></div>
<div class="p1">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhe0Qedn7lx9hT0llY62edZs1D2yIY3rGlQCXDz-11iri71YNu76GkqNPJjzHNc0iwORtbEICQdsMn7iX7W56wo9KrWcUdstTOun7rnpoZ1JOZt-Gxd1sLAVmCQebpkQAwkHT5WyqOrHQqI/s1600/tenhamthinsection.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhe0Qedn7lx9hT0llY62edZs1D2yIY3rGlQCXDz-11iri71YNu76GkqNPJjzHNc0iwORtbEICQdsMn7iX7W56wo9KrWcUdstTOun7rnpoZ1JOZt-Gxd1sLAVmCQebpkQAwkHT5WyqOrHQqI/s1600/tenhamthinsection.jpg" height="373" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">A thin section from the Tenham meteorite, from which newly-named bridgmanite was identified and characterized. Credit: Chi Ma</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17018373259426682282noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3377534331778141029.post-2967467474923463832014-09-22T14:08:00.000-04:002014-09-22T14:08:34.724-04:00Planetary poetry<div style="text-align: justify;">
The <a href="http://intrepidpostcards.blogspot.co.uk/p/rationale_1.html" target="_blank">inspiration</a> for this blog<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">—</span></span>the 'Golden disk' on Voyager<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">—</span></span>is not the only example of a human message sent out on an interplanetary journey. The early days of space exploration were filled with declarations from us humans here on Earth. For instance, both <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pioneer_10" target="_blank">Pioneer 10</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pioneer_11" target="_blank">Pioneer 11</a> in the early 1970s (sent to explore the outer planets and leave the solar system) featured gold-anodized aluminium plaques designed by Carl Sagan. These plaques show illustrations of nude men and women to represent the human race, as well as other information, in case the spacecrafts were ever intercepted by extraterrestrial life.</div>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-TMHZVY5IHkFoqs1q_t0vqsbKH3UKqFUuJ77vq0XrejZN1DZfn7xklZCukrUxD75j_arVwJNzDko76WFZWSW60AQBiFAWPmqaTb-eG7SvMfFC1FZmpyH0_iZOy9iq3e22lKK4bq3ZTUm6/s1600/CarlSagan_pioneer.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-TMHZVY5IHkFoqs1q_t0vqsbKH3UKqFUuJ77vq0XrejZN1DZfn7xklZCukrUxD75j_arVwJNzDko76WFZWSW60AQBiFAWPmqaTb-eG7SvMfFC1FZmpyH0_iZOy9iq3e22lKK4bq3ZTUm6/s1600/CarlSagan_pioneer.jpg" height="276" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Carl Sagan holding the Pioneer plaque. Credit: www.daviddarling.info</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Apollo 11<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">—</span></span>probably the most famous space mission of all<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">—</span></span>included a plaque that was bolted onto the lower part of the <i>Eagle</i> Lunar Module. This landing stage still sits on the Moon and can even be seen in modern-day Lunar Reconaissance Orbiter Camera images.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwjhRD767kuwT0T-IzRXuO_6gyK4jtLIAgNVeGvxmNjGTWUWgToda2GEgEpYT7bHHU3Z34vcnz7I3Yny4O6WoHvIHNK-M9RE25xL4_RowbdgO6MPSnf0fIjJUfN-VlzNJFe7-X-mfWXOSg/s1600/apollo11_lroc.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwjhRD767kuwT0T-IzRXuO_6gyK4jtLIAgNVeGvxmNjGTWUWgToda2GEgEpYT7bHHU3Z34vcnz7I3Yny4O6WoHvIHNK-M9RE25xL4_RowbdgO6MPSnf0fIjJUfN-VlzNJFe7-X-mfWXOSg/s1600/apollo11_lroc.png" height="400" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The landing stage of Apollo 11's <i>Eagle</i> Lunar Module can still be seen in images from NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera. The flight hardware is at the centre of this image, with its shadow to the left. Credit: NASA/GSFC/Arizona State University</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The Apollo 11 plaque reads as follows:</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Here Men from the Planet Earth First Set Foot Upon the Moon</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>July 1969 A.D.</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>We Came in Peace for all Mankind</b></div>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEir8b5Zg-GmY1XPT4vJIaKdPZoBrB2-Y0LU-FZgTRbicTg06azc2Bmvd0vfSNgy9vfDc8D-Djrz3g70skoOCOmC7E9k17YW89RHNhnPN8VtNBHIA9wdBSducoYsu7RNRuJi_cr7tCITG5as/s1600/apollo11plaque.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEir8b5Zg-GmY1XPT4vJIaKdPZoBrB2-Y0LU-FZgTRbicTg06azc2Bmvd0vfSNgy9vfDc8D-Djrz3g70skoOCOmC7E9k17YW89RHNhnPN8VtNBHIA9wdBSducoYsu7RNRuJi_cr7tCITG5as/s1600/apollo11plaque.jpg" height="300" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Apollo 11 plaque attached to the ladder of the Lunar Module. Credit: NASA</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
But another, much less formal, but equally enduring and touching message was left also on the Moon by the astronaut Gene Cernan. Cernan was the commander of Apollo 17 and the last man<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">—</span></span>to date<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">—</span></span>to have walked on the Moon. He writes in his <a href="http://www.amazon.com/Last-Man-Moon-Astronaut-Americas/dp/0312263511/ref=sr_1_2/104-7092039-6112700?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1189458572&sr=8-2" target="_blank">autobiography</a> of the small way in which he honoured his daughter during his final moments on the lunar surface:</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
"<i>... I drove the Rover about a mile away from the LM [Lunar Module] and parked it carefully so the television camera could photograph our takeoff the next day. As I dismounted, I took a moment to kneel and with a single finger, scratched Tracy's initials, T D C, in the lunar dust, knowing those three letters would remain there undisturbed for more years than anyone could imagine.</i>"</div>
<br /><div style="text-align: justify;">
Just this week, NASA's <a href="http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/maven/main/#.VBrc7qjew2Y" target="_blank">MAVEN</a> (Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN) spacecraft has entered into orbit around Mars. This mission will be the first to study the upper atmosphere of the Red Planet, and how it has evolved with time. As part of the mission's education and public outreach activities, the University of Colorado ran a public competition. In this contest, people young and old were invited to write a haiku that could be sent along with the poet's name onboard MAVEN to Mars. This type of programme is a great way to inspire children to think about science<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">—</span></span>and poetry<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">—</span></span>and I even submitted an entry myself.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><i>MAVEN, you raven</i></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><i>pray, tell, with your expert ways</i></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><i>is Mars life's haven? </i></b></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
This was actually my first attempt at haiku, and I thought not a bad first effort. It even gained the approval of my talented poet friend who had first brought the competition to my attention. Unfortunately, however, it didn't make the final cut. The winners can be read <a href="http://lasp.colorado.edu/maven/goingtomars/send-your-name/contest-winners/" target="_blank">here</a>, and my favourite is probably this one by Greg Pruett:</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i><b><br /></b></i></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i><b>distant red planet</b></i></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i><b>the dreams of earth beings flow</b></i></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i><b>we will someday roam</b></i></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
I haven't picked a piece <i>of</i> Earth today to represent our planet to unknown aliens, but these poems, plaques, and traced initials are all beautiful examples of the
ways in which we humans try to communicate our place in the universe. As MAVEN starts its orbital mission, I hope it succeeds in unraveling some of Mars' atmospheric mysteries. Perhaps we will learn if our planetary neighbour could ever have supported intelligent life, and what caused its evolution to diverge so drastically from that of our own Earth.</div>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8QwyxghCy1fIFN_r9Q0RbphRzq0vlty3uhukJ8IcX7Ng0mlmyqmm0h5NdOjl6aeF2DlqADadbkEKbj2RDxAN09-9U5rC6QHwCfFkfkGOHVOvl1rkWkV5lnON-qkSeLPzKttoUoNMVzuRj/s1600/MAVEN.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8QwyxghCy1fIFN_r9Q0RbphRzq0vlty3uhukJ8IcX7Ng0mlmyqmm0h5NdOjl6aeF2DlqADadbkEKbj2RDxAN09-9U5rC6QHwCfFkfkGOHVOvl1rkWkV5lnON-qkSeLPzKttoUoNMVzuRj/s1600/MAVEN.jpg" height="166" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Artist's conception of the MAVEN spacecraft in orbit around Mars. Credit: NASA/Goddard</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17018373259426682282noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3377534331778141029.post-77343425771942789262014-09-14T07:37:00.000-04:002014-09-14T07:37:16.404-04:00Good morning Earthshine<div style="text-align: justify;">
When I first mentioned the overall <a href="http://intrepidpostcards.blogspot.co.uk/p/the-journey.html" target="_blank">idea</a> for this blog to a friend and colleague, he immediately found an interesting way to slightly reframe the question. Instead of considering how alien planetary geologists might recognize rock specimens representative of Earth, he wondered how Earth might look to an alien <i>astronomer</i> observing us with a faraway telescope.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
This question is actually a pretty obvious one, especially given the popular pursuit of extrasolar planets in current astronomical research. The first confirmed detection of <span style="font-family: inherit;">an 'exoplanet'<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">—</span>a </span><style><!--
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--></style>planet that orbits a star other than our own Sun<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">—</span></span>was not made until 1992, but this field of research has now, almost literally, exploded. More than 1800 exoplanets have since been discovered, and this has largely been possible because of NASA's <a href="http://kepler.nasa.gov/" target="_blank">Kepler</a> mission. The aim for this space observatory was to discover Earth-like exoplanets that are located in, or near, the 'habitable zone' of their parent star. This habitable<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">—</span></span>or <i>Goldilocks</i><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">—</span></span>zone is the region around a star where planets (with sufficient atmospheric pressure) can support liquid water at their surface.</div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzFq2l5QXqqtnXnpiu-9AajuwncFWux1vlzPEgfmGp_JbW8G5tvM7sOv7ezk3RwKa3m-WQijT4-YjbjpDm1uszswnEseFvWJgjl5nHsNPJFqPNmO-BnQj1COo6owxBppK6W3tw2tynRHKo/s1600/habitablezone.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzFq2l5QXqqtnXnpiu-9AajuwncFWux1vlzPEgfmGp_JbW8G5tvM7sOv7ezk3RwKa3m-WQijT4-YjbjpDm1uszswnEseFvWJgjl5nHsNPJFqPNmO-BnQj1COo6owxBppK6W3tw2tynRHKo/s1600/habitablezone.jpg" height="225" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">The habitable zones<span lang="EN-US">—</span>where liquid water can exist on the surface of a planet<span lang="EN-US">—</span>of different size and temperature stars. Credit: NASA Kepler Mission</span></span></td></tr>
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This is all part of humankind's everlasting desire to discover life<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">—</span></span>potentially sentient<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">—</span></span>elsewhere in the universe. As our home continues to be the sole 'datapoint' for life, it is natural that we use Earth-like planets as a base for our search. And it is the special feature of liquid water at the surface that makes our planet so hospitable. The modern-day search for extraterrestrial life is therefore often focused on the hunt f<span style="font-family: inherit;">or this precious<span style="font-size: small;">
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</style>very of a planet hosting water at its surface within another star's habitable zone, however, does not equal the discovery of life elsewhere in the cosmos.</div>
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To be more certain of a water-hosting planet's potential to harbor life, an additional telltale detection is required. The spectra from the observed exoplanets must include signs of life<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">—</span></span><i>biosignatures</i><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">—</span></span>along with the sign of water. But what would an astronomical biosignature look like, and would we even recognize such a signal from an exoplanet? To begin to answer this question, we first need to understand how Earth's atmosphere looks from afar and which of its properties hint at the rich biosphere that lies beneath. This information can then be used as a reliable baseline with which to compare exoplanet detections.</div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6eh-HA3rLLiuVC0-0sAhX-P9WzixEn3FmF5ln2afiXCOsDc2GiQgABllAiu5aro06tarEBQGodd1PJIbCu58AIWSXARXk2FXlOYp_MWeUM4fw86PUOkcle3v5ead-KrWmgYI5hihQyivG/s1600/biosinatures.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6eh-HA3rLLiuVC0-0sAhX-P9WzixEn3FmF5ln2afiXCOsDc2GiQgABllAiu5aro06tarEBQGodd1PJIbCu58AIWSXARXk2FXlOYp_MWeUM4fw86PUOkcle3v5ead-KrWmgYI5hihQyivG/s1600/biosinatures.png" height="400" width="328" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Spectra for Venus, Earth, and Mars illustrate Earth's unique biosignatures. All three planets have a strong atmospheric absorption caused by carbon dioxide (CO<sub><span lang="EN-US">2</span></sub>), but only Earth's atmosphere has signals due to water (H<sub><span lang="EN-US">2</span></sub>O) and ozone (O<sub><span lang="EN-US">3</span></sub>) that can be representative of life. Credit: Mark Elowitz</span></span><style>
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As detailed in a 1993 <a href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v365/n6448/abs/365715a0.html" target="_blank">study</a> by Carl Sagan and colleagues, observations of Earth's atmosphere from space<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">—</span></span>in this case from the Galileo spacecraft<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">—</span></span>reveal several biosignatures. These include abundances of molecular oxygen and methane that are far from chemical equilibrium, as well as a sharp increase in albedo at wavelengths longer than 700 nm, which is caused by vegetation. It is also known that as light passes through Earth's atmosphere it can be polarized due to scattering by aersols and cloud particles, and reflected at variable amounts by oceans and land. In a more recent <a href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v483/n7387/full/nature10778.html" target="_blank">paper</a>, Michael Sterzik <i>et al.</i> use a technique known as spectropolarimetry to make a detailed analysis of Earth's atmospheric properties.</div>
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Instead of using space-based measurements of Earth, Sterzik and co-workers made observations of 'Earthshine' by pointing their telescopes at the Moon. This rather romantic sounding light originates from the Sun before being reflected by the Earth onto the Moon, and then back to Earth again. It is the reason you can sometimes to see the 'dark' part of a non-full Moon.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9_HgNqI5KjCKDcp5m3KMouZhm6wNmhMVk1pORFrbqkBud5c7S1Kx8__Tl_OeTbsm4zl6HtIvLu-TkyFMLqyCacU1PAIKI5Y5Ga6JJrYMVAOACEk63c3bbBIy6jSauWJ4g9nYTyJyPBB6O/s1600/earthmoonshine.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9_HgNqI5KjCKDcp5m3KMouZhm6wNmhMVk1pORFrbqkBud5c7S1Kx8__Tl_OeTbsm4zl6HtIvLu-TkyFMLqyCacU1PAIKI5Y5Ga6JJrYMVAOACEk63c3bbBIy6jSauWJ4g9nYTyJyPBB6O/s1600/earthmoonshine.jpg" height="250" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Earthshine illuminates the 'dark' portion of the Moon. Credit: Will Gater</span></span></td></tr>
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Sterzik <i>et al.</i> used a technique known as spectropolarimetry (a combination of spectroscopy and photopolarimetry) to conduct a detailed investigation of Earth's atmosphere. This methodology is better than standard spectroscopy for characterizing exoplanet atmospheres. The Earthshine observations could be used to determine the fractional contribution of cloud and ocean contributions within the reflecting surface, and were sensitive to relatively small areas of vegetation.</div>
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It is measurements such as these, using the Moon as a handy mirror, that can be used as a benchmark for diagnosing the atmospheric composition and surfaces of potential life-bearing exoplanets. They also serve as a clue to what an alien astronomer might see when they glance in our direction. I hope they too can recognize how special our Earth is.</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17018373259426682282noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3377534331778141029.post-68045225421839272642014-06-24T11:44:00.001-04:002014-07-22T13:25:54.473-04:00Bedrocks in the city that never sleeps<div style="text-align: justify;">
This past weekend I made the short trip from Washington DC up to New York. I went to visit friends and to spend some time enjoying the city itself. But as I sat on the bus and departed New York on Sunday evening there were tears in my eyes. You see, for the past three and a half years while my body has been based here in DC, my heart has lain firmly in the grasp of Manhattan. As it has since the first time I visited New York back in the summer of 2008. On that trip I was fortunate enough to stay in my friend's south-facing Harlem high-rise apartment, which had this for a view:</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdYZ4A95A64pqTdoFFFOHPMdHy1AsuCoT1I96lTolDtgqikZWMkmMaxtY6x8QXD8qQ6IWy9o-r8p-clrpixzjbamq0nG3B6yF32cp7o6xuQOHUiJRLzubejBOxiMj8jUrAN-ARj6bn9xsS/s1600/Harlemview.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdYZ4A95A64pqTdoFFFOHPMdHy1AsuCoT1I96lTolDtgqikZWMkmMaxtY6x8QXD8qQ6IWy9o-r8p-clrpixzjbamq0nG3B6yF32cp7o6xuQOHUiJRLzubejBOxiMj8jUrAN-ARj6bn9xsS/s1600/Harlemview.JPG" height="300" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">View south from Harlem.</td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">On my first evening in the city we made a short foray into the Bronx and relaxed on a rooftop with some delicious mojitos. My love affair with New York City had truly begun. Since that week, it has been my ambition—sometimes a nagging one at the back of my mind and sometimes the overriding purpose of my day—to live and work in the crazy confines of the amazing metropolis.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">In the next few weeks, however, I will be moving back across the Atlantic Ocean to London, my home. As much as I am looking forward to living again in my first city-love and to starting the next chapter of my life, I am sad that I will no longer be within arm's reach of New York. I don't know when I'll next be able to walk its streets, relish its anonymity, and savour the familiarity of all its sights, smells, and sounds. My ambition remains unfulfilled. Those were the reasons for my tears.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">After that rather sappy introduction, I should explain how my feelings for New York are relevant to this postcard from planet Earth.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">In July 2010 I had a week-long New York visit, primarily for the the <a href="http://www.meteoriticalsociety.org/" target="_blank">Meteoritical Society's</a> annual meeting. Before the conference started, however, I was spending some time with my friend (whose Harlem apartment I stayed in, and with whom many of my New York stories are entangled)—we'll refer to her as 'Mrs Cowboy' (I'm repaying the favour here after I was featured on her <a href="http://oversized-cliches.blogspot.com/2011/09/full-circle.html" target="_blank">blog</a> a while back)—in Brooklyn. As we sat on a park bench in Brooklyn Heights gazing over the East River to Manhattan our conversation meandered around. At one point, I posed the question as to why the Manhattan skyscrapers have a bimodal distribution. Both the Financial District downtown and the landscape of midtown are dominated by buildings reaching up for the heavens, but the architecture between them is distinctly challenged in the vertical dimension.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBMBlR4pExOELybSpArM4zzVXR7tpwsJl3-F1E2D0Nyac6CpgT3pORH-6gVMoVYkywexM9Kraee47aiL9W5waiVf_3FvtltWnjCeYYPFjvxfubux7uYlIblgMMpw8eX7tjFQY876kZPkKt/s1600/downtown-midtown.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBMBlR4pExOELybSpArM4zzVXR7tpwsJl3-F1E2D0Nyac6CpgT3pORH-6gVMoVYkywexM9Kraee47aiL9W5waiVf_3FvtltWnjCeYYPFjvxfubux7uYlIblgMMpw8eX7tjFQY876kZPkKt/s1600/downtown-midtown.png" height="300" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The twin peaks of downtown and midtown Manhattan. Credit: Jason Barr</td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">Mrs Cowboy, a seasoned New Yorker, didn't have a particularly good answer and neither did I at the time. But I had a geologist's hunch that maybe it was something to do with the rocks that lie beneath. After all, those huge buildings must need some almighty foundations. Then one afternoon during the conference I participated in a lovely and informative tour of Central Park with a local geologist, Sidney Horenstein. I learnt all kinds of interesting facts about the city's geology, including an answer to my skyscraper question.</span></div>
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Many of Manhattan's bedrocks consist of original sediments (clays and muds) that underwent major mineralogical changes due to metamorphism. The actions of heat and pressure during the Taconic and Acadian <i>orogenies </i>(mountain-building episodes) changed the original sedimentary rocks to metamorphic rocks. This took place between about 400 and 500 million years ago, during the Devonian and Silurian geologic periods, and was part of the construction of the ancient supercontinent <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pangaea" target="_blank">Pangaea</a></i>. As Earth's tectonic plates shifted and jostled for position, the sedimentary strata were squeezed and squashed. The resulting metamorphic alteration created new rocks, including what is known as the Manhattan Schist. Today, these formations are not nice flat strata, but rather they have been folded to form a series of <i>anticlines</i> and <i>synclines</i>, or peaks and troughs.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirRg0qXx06wKXse68hdZVSabH78LU5XPHFqUrJHhSNy_huz2lZg9LLaRAT9zSB1yxPE2y9CrjxDgi9cQCkkADPSEVOEzEmy30ybiyz6aYZ5IQludI55HXHYxm-KzkWVTJcIU4xWbiPtFaQ/s1600/manhattanschist.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirRg0qXx06wKXse68hdZVSabH78LU5XPHFqUrJHhSNy_huz2lZg9LLaRAT9zSB1yxPE2y9CrjxDgi9cQCkkADPSEVOEzEmy30ybiyz6aYZ5IQludI55HXHYxm-KzkWVTJcIU4xWbiPtFaQ/s1600/manhattanschist.JPG" height="320" width="213" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">A folded outcrop of the Manhattan schist (with a pegmatite intrusion) in Central Park.</td></tr>
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One of these synclines dips down below the surface between the approximate city levels of Washington Square Park and Chambers Street, i.e., the gap between the midtown and downtown skyscrapers. This syncline was filled during the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistocene" target="_blank">Pleistocene</a> ice ages with much softer glacial sediments. So I had been correct with my geologist's hunch. New York's geology really does play a vital role in shaping the city's architecture. The ancient metamorphic bedrocks are sturdy and strong enough to support the huge skyscraper structures, but the younger and less consolidated glacial deposits just can't do the job.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEig9WIo6ypQketj0vYAHrrH4zV5HHSfovYQje_YXtlVg4QiEweqfAr3ovrtDoJXG-T7yKoF7K8jYwu8YZjfX0TA3hfLJ_3cUrIVrN5QwhOj7UNxOSg8oWr3sBCahzRLdpX9WxMCHiO8a7A3/s1600/manhattan_profile.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEig9WIo6ypQketj0vYAHrrH4zV5HHSfovYQje_YXtlVg4QiEweqfAr3ovrtDoJXG-T7yKoF7K8jYwu8YZjfX0TA3hfLJ_3cUrIVrN5QwhOj7UNxOSg8oWr3sBCahzRLdpX9WxMCHiO8a7A3/s1600/manhattan_profile.png" height="267" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">A beautiful old illustration from <i>A Geological History of Manhattan or New York Island</i> by Issachar Cozzens. The geologic profile shown in the middle panel depicts some of the folded rock formations that make up the island of Manhattan.</td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
I definitely believe that one of the most characteristic things about our Earth is its capacity to sustain complex and intelligent life. Great cities are amazing examples of the engineering feats that human civilization can achieve. So I can't think of of a better way to represent the human race, and Earth, to fellow sentient beings than with a piece of Manhattan's bedrock. For it is on these solid foundations that the (perhaps) greatest city of them all has been built.</div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjijKFg6MAqSTblr_8r4PpP-ahkoYotmsMjVaP5eLe66ZdTtmbdydMzNMZMEhOb2w3gKadHBKe6kMVCa1rlAOfG5QA498U-jE5c2BPY5LO_hrsWc-uJyYHQDceX-SkiQ7ZK4_GlhnyoE6bU/s1600/downtown.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjijKFg6MAqSTblr_8r4PpP-ahkoYotmsMjVaP5eLe66ZdTtmbdydMzNMZMEhOb2w3gKadHBKe6kMVCa1rlAOfG5QA498U-jE5c2BPY5LO_hrsWc-uJyYHQDceX-SkiQ7ZK4_GlhnyoE6bU/s1600/downtown.jpg" height="168" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The view from the Staten Island Ferry on Sunday. Midtown's Empire State building peaks through the urban canyons of downtown, just to the right of the Freedom Tower.</td></tr>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17018373259426682282noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3377534331778141029.post-40225312998358505982014-06-13T10:22:00.000-04:002014-06-15T08:09:10.402-04:00Journey from the centre of the Earth<div style="text-align: justify;">
One of the questions I am most frequently asked by non-planetary scientists is "<i>How did the Moon form?</i>". My answer invariably involves an explanation of what has become the most commonly accepted scenario and is known as the 'giant impact hypothesis'.</div>
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The early history of our solar system was pretty violent. The amount of dust, debris, and projectiles flying around the Sun would have made collisions and impacts a common occurrence. In the giant impact hypothesis scenario, it is thought that an almighty collision between an early-formed (or proto-) Earth and another Mars-sized body<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt;">—</span>known as <i>Theia</i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt;">—</span>took place approximately 4.5 billion years ago.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTpOFf33aJRX3HjzfzGAL76rz5UN0Iq9A1XYC93jekc7-DbihNigfcJLDykE_-bDKl4BpZTsbZWK2qt7mbj2pe-99icpb6_AIVjnPwuU9eg7mK6oYHKB4K68cKgnnwdg8UE3SEpcRbn06Q/s1600/giantimpact.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTpOFf33aJRX3HjzfzGAL76rz5UN0Iq9A1XYC93jekc7-DbihNigfcJLDykE_-bDKl4BpZTsbZWK2qt7mbj2pe-99icpb6_AIVjnPwuU9eg7mK6oYHKB4K68cKgnnwdg8UE3SEpcRbn06Q/s1600/giantimpact.jpg" height="275" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Artist's impression of the hypothesized Moon-forming giant impact event between the proto-Earth and a smaller body known as Theia. Credit: NASA</td></tr>
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The immense amount of energy associated with this event would have been enough to blast apart the impacting Theia and to melt a significant amount of the proto-Earth. The remaining pieces of the obliterated Theia would have been hurled into space and subsequently re-coalesced to form our beloved Moon in orbit around Earth. Computer simulations of the giant impact are varied, but most suggest that Theia impacted Earth at an oblique angle. They also predict most of the material that accreted to form the Moon (more than three quarters) was derived from Theia. The rest of the Moon should therefore have been built from proto-Earth material.</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">An example giant impact computer simulation. Within the first six hours after the collision, material is starting to form the Moon. Colours represent temperature; red regions would have been heated the most due to the energy of the impact and would have experienced the most melting. Credit: R. M. Canup 2004, <i>Icarus</i></td></tr>
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This hypothesis, at face value, is pretty simple to explain and easy to grasp. In any conversation with a non-specialist, however, I tend to leave out several of the problems that are associated with the scenario. And to understand at least one of those, we need to get a bit more technical and talk <i>isotopes</i>. Many of my previous postcards have referred, implicitly or explicitly, to isotopes and their usefulness in several aspects of geology. And I am sure they will continue to crop up, so I thought this was a good a chance as any to actually explain what they are.</div>
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We can start with a dictionary definition:</div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq" style="text-align: justify;">
<i>forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons, but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei and hence differ in relative atomic mass, but not in chemical properties</i></blockquote>
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We can also illustrate this with some helpful cartoons. In this case we will focus on oxygen <span style="font-family: inherit;">isotopes because they are relevant to this postcard. The most common naturally occurring oxygen isotope—oxygen-16, or <sup><span lang="EN-US">16</span></sup><span lang="EN-US">O</span>—constitutes more than 99% of any given quantity of oxygen. It is known as <sup><span lang="EN-US">16</span></sup><span lang="EN-US">O because it has 16 particles in its nucleus: eight protons (positively charged particles) and eight neutrons (particles with no charge).</span></span></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEia6nxhY9x_1LBJpUUEVxvdslLtAQSjp7U0QIvvjcT0aZqxw2WdBL6ai0keHC1o1G3MWIb-_WNha30j6l-Vp2PJjmfr37OzLA4-qpDppSn7wmXsEIEfpLgoc-0OSh6NT_Ta9vEbb4_WYtnA/s1600/O16-diag.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEia6nxhY9x_1LBJpUUEVxvdslLtAQSjp7U0QIvvjcT0aZqxw2WdBL6ai0keHC1o1G3MWIb-_WNha30j6l-Vp2PJjmfr37OzLA4-qpDppSn7wmXsEIEfpLgoc-0OSh6NT_Ta9vEbb4_WYtnA/s1600/O16-diag.jpg" height="200" width="198" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Cartoon of an oxygen-16 atom. There are eight protons (red) and eight neutrons (green) in the nucleus, which is surrounded by eight orbiting electrons (blue).</td></tr>
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The two remaining isotopes are <sup><span lang="EN-US">17</span></sup><span lang="EN-US">O and </span><sup><span lang="EN-US">18</span></sup><span lang="EN-US">O, which contain an extra one and two neutrons in their nuclei, respectively. All isotopes of a single element have the same number electrons and they therefore exhibit the same chemical characteristics. It is only the mass of the isotopes that changes, due to the variable number of neutrons.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiW6eoI8q9EUeNXU250coOSaX-Ys4BIQsF-2EiUhxlTkqOaYALIX-_icnxC8cW5axtoWHOD5hQJpmnlou5thqzZOiSV6JWiWnX5CPQxMMU4rNEcJG7FR5wUwbd20bYqZHyqYxu-V6GXnymg/s1600/O17-18-diag.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiW6eoI8q9EUeNXU250coOSaX-Ys4BIQsF-2EiUhxlTkqOaYALIX-_icnxC8cW5axtoWHOD5hQJpmnlou5thqzZOiSV6JWiWnX5CPQxMMU4rNEcJG7FR5wUwbd20bYqZHyqYxu-V6GXnymg/s1600/O17-18-diag.jpg" height="160" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Cartoons of oxygen-17 (left) and oxygen-18 (right) isotopes (note the additional neutrons).</td></tr>
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<div>
So after that chemistry lesson we can get back to the story...<br />
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Based on measurements of rocks from the Earth, Mars, and several asteroids, scientists have long thought that the isotopic signatures (e.g., the relative amounts of the three oxygen isotopes) of planetary bodies within the early solar system were variable. They therefore expect Theia and the proto-Earth to have contained different proportions of <sup><span lang="EN-US">16</span></sup><span lang="EN-US">O, </span><sup><span lang="EN-US">17</span></sup><span lang="EN-US">O, and </span><sup><span lang="EN-US">18</span></sup><span lang="EN-US">O. If that were indeed the case, and because the majority of Theia ended up in today's Moon, the relative amounts of the three oxygen isotopes that we measure today in lunar and terrestrial rocks should be different. But up until now such differences have not been detected.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">In a new <a href="http://www.sciencemag.org/search?journalcode=sci&journalcode=sigtrans&journalcode=scitransmed&volume=344&firstpage=1146&submit=yes&submit.x=0&submit.y=0&submit=Search&doi=&submit=yes&fulltext=&andorexactfulltext=and&titleabstract=&andorexacttitleabs=and&title=&andorexacttitle=and&author1=&author2=&fmonth=&fyear=&tmonth=&tyear=&hits=10&sortspec=relevance&submit=yes&resourcetype=HWCIT%7CHWELTR&tocsectionid=all&submit=yes" target="_blank">study</a> led by Daniel Herwatz at the University of G</span>öttingen, however, small differences between the oxygen (and titanium) isotope abundances in rocks from the Earth and the Moon have now been found. The authors claim that their precise measurement results are therefore evidence to support the giant impact hypothesis.</div>
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I don't want to focus here on the details, issues, or implications of their work, but rather on the type of rocks from Earth that they chose to analyse. Herwartz and coauthors compared the composition of basalts from three of the Apollo landing sites with rocks that they decided best represented Earth (<a href="http://intrepidpostcards.blogspot.com/p/the-journey.html" target="_blank">sound familiar?</a>). Or at least the most primitive, unaltered part of the Earth. And for this they chose rocks known as <i>mantle xenoliths</i>.</div>
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These xenoliths are pieces of Earth's otherwise inaccessible mantle (the region between the crust and core). They are most commonly rocks known as <i>peridotites</i>, which are made up almost entirely of the ultramafic minerals (silicates that have high abundances of magnesium and iron) <i>olivine</i> and/or <i>pyroxene</i>. Xenoliths are brought to the Earth's surface when they are encapsulated and entrained inside other rocks, which crystallize from magmas that originated in the (upper) mantle. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimberlite" target="_blank">Kimberlites</a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16.363636016845703px;">—</span>common diamond-bearing rocks<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16.363636016845703px;">—</span>are an example of this geological transportation system. They made the journey from the (almost) centre of the Earth and often contain several samples of this precious mantle cargo. </div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBRKHVNuzTSvINHNGb1MrODDcX4hkM0a2RsUwBUTKAuyewghBOJb1qSwhOdgE1CT6_Of6M3RPuN1GiwZY6OMOtPLVC3mn8ShfuXli729HYrtw9bfGzGtYB8kly6UlkmwoZ26Jbx8n0VItI/s1600/peridotite2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBRKHVNuzTSvINHNGb1MrODDcX4hkM0a2RsUwBUTKAuyewghBOJb1qSwhOdgE1CT6_Of6M3RPuN1GiwZY6OMOtPLVC3mn8ShfuXli729HYrtw9bfGzGtYB8kly6UlkmwoZ26Jbx8n0VItI/s1600/peridotite2.jpg" height="362" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">My very own little piece of the mantle, a pretty green peridotite.</td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
Mantle xenoliths are probably the most valuable samples we have for understanding the fundamental composition of the Earth. If they have journeyed this far already, I propose that at least one makes the next leg towards the stars and represents the whole Earth to those alien planetary geologists.</div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17018373259426682282noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3377534331778141029.post-1239147563115415102014-04-23T18:42:00.000-04:002014-04-23T18:42:00.438-04:00Impacting young minds<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">I've been quiet on the blogging front recently, but I've been pretty busy behind the scenes. This has included engaging in what I see as one of the most important (and fun) parts of my job as a research scientist: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_outreach" target="_blank">outreach</a><i>.</i></span><br />
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">One of my close friends teaches first grade at Somerset Elementary School in Montgomery County, MD, and she arranged for me to be one of the speakers at their recent <i>Careers Day</i>. I found myself sharing a stage with people from a host of different professions and careers. There was a salad dressing maker, an events organizer, an investment banker, an advisor to President Obama... and me—the planetary geologist.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br />
I was given three 20-minute slots to speak to students who had chosen to hear what I had to say about <i>space</i>. And I was happily surprised that many of these children were eager to ask all kinds of questions. I was even more impressed that some of their more knowledgeable (or geeky) peers were able to step in and proffer answers of their own.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br />
I used my time to show a PowerPoint presentation (full of fun images of space, volcanoes, and such) that I had put together for the occasion, and to let the children have an interactive experience with the <a href="http://www.messenger-education.org/mosaic/" target="_blank">MESSENGER postcard mosaic</a>. This 'game' is a great way for kids (and adults) to learn about different features on Mercury and to think about how planetary scientists map the entire surface of another planet.</span><br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcVTsFTm9Z03qpVDEWrPSNCUIEDHg-U4bxZKbzV7hfTQvzRuU6LSgiliUnce_yMT9yci9Gvpnt2OVgLyrE_Qo4mLi2IaXZSV7CNEcGzjZDifyC87goJYutgOpykP40U0ps7WokPH_X7yA2/s1600/volcano-earthrise-astronaut_mercury.jpg" height="275" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="400" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Fun images depicting aspects of planetary geology.<br />
Credits: Alexander Belousov, Earth Observatory of Singapore, NASA, NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Carnegie Institution of Washington</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: inherit;">I also took some rock samples to pass around, including an example of each of the three different types of meteorites: a stony meteorite, an iron meteorite, and a stony-iron meteorite. It is these kinds of rocks that help us understand the interior structure of rocky planets. They come from proto-planets or asteroids that were at some point blasted apart. Before their violent demise, however, these bodies experienced similar evolutionary processes to the planets of our solar system that we know and love. Stony meteorites (in this case represented by an ordinary chondrite) are the equivalent of the exterior crusts of planets.</span><br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjayjb5h-IwPHce7aajdGuVPciLheu6cYJ708QQtPQSYfeFBfHs2gtwduVtcFMs6iCA0G6oG9xE4xS2IWEBjpDSYtlQzw9u0kjgwwaSA9oH4UMBPRHoWAAe87OZ3eI4ix_knovN6_XwLGIF/s1600/ordinarychondrite.jpg" height="275" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="400" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">An ordinary chondrite (about 7 cm across) that was found in Romania. Ordinary chondrites are the most common type of meteorite found on Earth. Credit: ASU/CMS</td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">Iron meteorites</span><span style="font-family: inherit;">—</span><span style="font-family: inherit;">consisting almost entirely of iron and nickel</span><span style="font-family: inherit;">—represent the dense cores of planets, and the stony-irons (or pallasites) come from the boundary between the rocky outer layers of a planetary body and the metal-rich core, known as the core-mantle boundary.</span><br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPXEEDCBp_3dcD3hSS_INGfburBhwhXr6-X7qEZJJE5bNlu2CdfUW2KywtauUOyVBKXwoFlyeQr75QJ9G6wt_RQ57EPyGvEt1w5QmIMVG0L4Ryki0ktisTabaGuEvHxb0sGVUOKXuRH5rE/s1600/pallasite.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPXEEDCBp_3dcD3hSS_INGfburBhwhXr6-X7qEZJJE5bNlu2CdfUW2KywtauUOyVBKXwoFlyeQr75QJ9G6wt_RQ57EPyGvEt1w5QmIMVG0L4Ryki0ktisTabaGuEvHxb0sGVUOKXuRH5rE/s1600/pallasite.jpg" height="300" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Example of a pallasite (Springwater). These beautiful meteorites contain orange grains of the mineral olivine within a matrix of shiny iron-nickel. Credit: KD Meteorites</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: inherit;">The iron meteorite that I had available was a one of a group of samples known as Canyon Diablo. These are the small pieces that remain after their much larger (about 50 m in diameter) parent chunk of space debris smashed into Earth about 50,000 years ago and created the Barringer Meteorite (aka Meteor) crater in Arizona (click <a href="http://www.lpi.usra.edu/publications/books/barringer_crater_guidebook/flyover/" target="_blank">here</a> for a 3D-flyover of the crater). This well-preserved impact crater is just over 1 km in diameter and continues to be a site of scientific investigations.</span><br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLZby8Tg4RcpRO0KHt-RumLp2uwH-V57Skgt0_yp8u51yG1oLpKNtjkF3wSFQGkNMAg2dl3okYuL60mlnGeUasWN5n7buM90K5IzQqM0rMA9PWz8lV0TpmKvFG0f2DdOhrGYhPP36M1Cd9/s1600/canyondiablo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLZby8Tg4RcpRO0KHt-RumLp2uwH-V57Skgt0_yp8u51yG1oLpKNtjkF3wSFQGkNMAg2dl3okYuL60mlnGeUasWN5n7buM90K5IzQqM0rMA9PWz8lV0TpmKvFG0f2DdOhrGYhPP36M1Cd9/s1600/canyondiablo.jpg" height="217" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">A single piece (a few centimeters across) of the remaining Canyon Diablo meteorite.<br />
Credit: Meteorites Australia</td></tr>
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Back in the 1950s isotopic analyses on samples of this meteorite group were used to refine the estimate of Earth's age. Radiometric dating has revealed that many different solar system materials have concordant ages, which we use to provide Earth's age. The estimate given by Claire Paterson in 1956 (4.55<span style="font-family: inherit;"> ± 0.07 billion years), based on the Canyon Diablo meteorite is very close to the current estimate of </span>4.54 ± 0.05 billion years. I propose, therefore, that we send one of these iron meteorite pieces forth for our imaginary alien planetary geologists to discover. Afterall, what piece of information about our home planet and our home solar system is more fundamental than its age?<br />
<br />
I'm not sure society has the need for all of the 50+ children I met at Somerset to one day become planetary geologists. But I do hope that at least a handful of them will translate their wonder and joy for things space-related to future careers in a science-focused field. I'm proud to play a very small role in shaping the next generation of civil engineers, meteorologists, and brain surgeons of this world.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuq2lh3zCpv7akS_rwIy6pXvhC1r1BqoG2Jkwgz7Zzbw9rWcqbCimyBZJYOzrj-19zvmO-F2DGGof95r1FhsY3-qXAVKN72SYN7U5IyIBvgTvSIDVIUgV_FCANnsNu-gAH7UUJuLO0hF7V/s1600/somerset_thankyou.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuq2lh3zCpv7akS_rwIy6pXvhC1r1BqoG2Jkwgz7Zzbw9rWcqbCimyBZJYOzrj-19zvmO-F2DGGof95r1FhsY3-qXAVKN72SYN7U5IyIBvgTvSIDVIUgV_FCANnsNu-gAH7UUJuLO0hF7V/s1600/somerset_thankyou.jpg" height="640" width="476" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">A thank-you note from one satisfied customer.</td></tr>
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<br /></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17018373259426682282noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3377534331778141029.post-59843912081415716232014-03-17T19:43:00.001-04:002014-04-03T12:51:43.419-04:00Moontalkers<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">This week I'm attending the <a href="http://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2014/" target="_blank">45th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference</a> in Houston, which is basically an annual gathering of the world's biggest space geeks. And today we were treated to some space geek royalty. Not one, but two, of the 12 Apollo 'moonwalkers' spoke to captivated audiences over the lunchtime period.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">First, Harrison 'Jack' Schmitt (the only geologist to have walked on another planet) talked about the scientific discoveries that his mission, Apollo 17, has yielded in the subsequent 30+ years. </span></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivQg9uN4pBopBGTBCkO_mWLlIUbyVbG0l1lpBDcgQTG73FSc66-F_-vxmz0SVnFWsGCvniRvEHKP2JxZPX4ncuYyyZHhUKJfWu9bJaeKnWdXs2WZUam_DLaqcNugASwtREVtM50VCziX_f/s1600/jackschmitt_moon.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivQg9uN4pBopBGTBCkO_mWLlIUbyVbG0l1lpBDcgQTG73FSc66-F_-vxmz0SVnFWsGCvniRvEHKP2JxZPX4ncuYyyZHhUKJfWu9bJaeKnWdXs2WZUam_DLaqcNugASwtREVtM50VCziX_f/s1600/jackschmitt_moon.jpg" height="230" width="400" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Jack Schmitt sampling conducting fieldwork on the Moon during Apollo 17. Credit: NASA/Eugene Cernan</span></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">And then we were treated to a fascinating planetary travelogue as Dave Scott, the commander of Apollo 15, challenged the scientists in the room to go forth and work with the engineering community in a synergistic way to design more capable, exciting, and scientifically meaningful lunar (and martian) missions for a new century.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbawWFfBQu2bZLXENDqIjk11VaLkMUX1d4pcl4fH2HAmpABW9kHBjKtWULETyLgzNBJ1KX7IWuT6jijnINeQZAB4sXyokI1Ozn97mU5OKuqYEtuiCHpKlqBmAafF1FGbmXurNPgi-0LCCZ/s1600/davescott_moon.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbawWFfBQu2bZLXENDqIjk11VaLkMUX1d4pcl4fH2HAmpABW9kHBjKtWULETyLgzNBJ1KX7IWuT6jijnINeQZAB4sXyokI1Ozn97mU5OKuqYEtuiCHpKlqBmAafF1FGbmXurNPgi-0LCCZ/s1600/davescott_moon.jpg" height="320" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Commander of Apollo 15, Dave Scott, saluting the American flag in 1971. Credit: NASA</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">So today, instead of choosing a rock from Earth to send forth into the cosmos, I'm including two quotes with which Dave Scott ended his presentation: </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">"<i>Man must rise above the Earth</i><span style="font-size: 12pt;">—</span><i>to the top of the atmosphere and beyond</i><span style="font-size: 12pt;">—</span><i>for only then will he fully understand the world in which he lives.</i>"</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: x-small;">Socrates 469–399 BC</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">"<i>What was most significant about the lunar voyage was not that man set foot on the moon but that they set eye on the earth."</i> </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: x-small;">Norman Cousins, Cosmic Search magazine, volume 1, number 1, January 1979</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
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These beautifully encapsulate the reason why the hundreds of scientists in the audiences today (including myself) do what we do. For a few years back in the 1960s and 1970s Dave Scott, Jack Schmitt, and all the other Apollo astronauts were our very own human interplanetary messengers. They were sent forth to explore another world, and to bring back pieces of it so that we can learn about our home and its place in the universe. Their mission was not chosen for its ease, but because it was hard. Because that goal served to organize and measure the best of humankind's energies and skills. I think we are more than overdue a renewal of quests such as these. It's time to inspire a whole new generation of scientists and engineers.</div>
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<tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoNIr13iebvrUFia_30VaZ_7r9WE0PK8xf84aJ6CL7V2gx5HplbOnmDQB6k6Ihe4LR9so-l-qQJ741C_8Ba0NMOAyGe5BenHpH0jb8HocsL7zAFbD0eYsvT9yQiX3cqv1HJNm_2QBVO771/s1600/SZW_DaveScott.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoNIr13iebvrUFia_30VaZ_7r9WE0PK8xf84aJ6CL7V2gx5HplbOnmDQB6k6Ihe4LR9so-l-qQJ741C_8Ba0NMOAyGe5BenHpH0jb8HocsL7zAFbD0eYsvT9yQiX3cqv1HJNm_2QBVO771/s1600/SZW_DaveScott.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.727272033691406px;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">A slightly blurry Dave Scott and me in Houston, 17 March 2014.</span></td></tr>
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Today I got to meet one of my heroes. And he reminded us all that our Earth is a beautiful and special place. More wonderful, dare I say, than can ever be represented by one rock.</div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCexFe7W8EbMuqgM73LeITtdVisYiperh0eCUetAwy4IdFZVGfByK1y5T0dv9K3AGCD_9RCJBKUxki_BGl1koTsKoDUJzQeYIhlf0Liqh7QLvbASz20bXR1MKFOjkTNbOtJ0WctFM5XqqH/s1600/bluemarble.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCexFe7W8EbMuqgM73LeITtdVisYiperh0eCUetAwy4IdFZVGfByK1y5T0dv9K3AGCD_9RCJBKUxki_BGl1koTsKoDUJzQeYIhlf0Liqh7QLvbASz20bXR1MKFOjkTNbOtJ0WctFM5XqqH/s1600/bluemarble.jpg" height="320" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">"The blue marble", taken from Apollo 17. Credit: NASA</td></tr>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17018373259426682282noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3377534331778141029.post-58645280089253064912014-02-27T10:59:00.000-05:002014-04-02T15:12:10.652-04:00Zirvivors<div style="text-align: justify;">
As a planetary geologist studying the surface of the Moon and Mercury, I think daily about old rocks<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16.363636016845703px;">—</span>up to about <i>4.5 billion years old</i>. These planetary bodies<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16.363636016845703px;">—</span>smaller than our Earth<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16.363636016845703px;">—</span>have ancient crusts, which have not been greatly disturbed or overhauled through their history. They do not have operating plate tectonic systems to create and destroy crust in long and regular cycles. Nor do they (currently, at least) have surrounding atmospheres with active climates to weather and erode surface materials. This means that the rocks on the Moon and Mercury are witnesses to the earliest part of the inner solar system's history<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16.363636016845703px;">—</span>a record that has been almost completely erased from the surface of Earth.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPk6-Euxrp1O3Tc5rPeSYYLKB_YTxD90ReLtrzQY860k6b4o0ke69XUJiHxN6T1ZndHDVW7tDHJq900iP6lJ-pFsUH04JLztgp8QcsSAhxbF2CYsQJG_1Ht1Ipq64UH2zpsIBvKqiOXhTj/s1600/moon-mercury.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPk6-Euxrp1O3Tc5rPeSYYLKB_YTxD90ReLtrzQY860k6b4o0ke69XUJiHxN6T1ZndHDVW7tDHJq900iP6lJ-pFsUH04JLztgp8QcsSAhxbF2CYsQJG_1Ht1Ipq64UH2zpsIBvKqiOXhTj/s1600/moon-mercury.jpg" height="225" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The heavily cratered surfaces of the Moon (left) and Mercury (right) bear the scars of many meteoroid impacts that have occurred during their 4.5-billion-year lifetimes. Credit: NASA</td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
When I first started thinking about this blog and its <a href="http://intrepidpostcards.blogspot.com/p/the-journey.html" target="_blank">central theme</a>, it seemed to me that one of the most obvious rocks to best represent the Earth would be the oldest. But deciding on what is truly the oldest terrestrial <i>rock</i> is not as easy as it sounds. Rocks are made up of minerals, and over time, the rocks may be changed through the actions of heat, pressure, and/or chemistry so that the original rock gets broken down. At least some of the constituent minerals, however, can survive and become incorporated into new rocks.<br />
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Some of my colleagues at the <a href="http://www.dtm.ciw.edu/" target="_blank">Department of Terrestrial Magnetism</a> work on the analyses of rocks that are amongst the most ancient found on Earth, but I want to leave those as a subject for another postcard and another day. Instead, I want to focus here on the oldest <i>minerals</i> that have yet been discovered.<br />
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New work published this week in <a href="http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/v7/n3/full/ngeo2075.html" target="_blank">Nature Geoscience</a> provides an age for what is thought to be the oldest fragment of material from Earth's crust. This grain is a fragment of the mineral <i>zircon</i>. Zircons are found ubiquitously in all kinds of rocks<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16.363636016845703px;">—</span>igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary. They are hard (with a value of 7.5 on the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohs_scale_of_mineral_hardness" target="_blank">Mohs hardness scale</a>), which together with their chemical inertness, means they are difficult to destroy. A very ancient zircon grain can therefore have inhabited a number of different rocks during its lifetime. In the new work conducted by John Valley, from the University of Wisconsin, and coauthors, a zircon grain from a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandstone" target="_blank">sandstone</a> outcrop in the Jack Hills of Western Australia is shown to be 4.4 billion years old.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicluQkqp9-vEK8T148mQrmvN5ZgImjdMB0w-Vu5yq_4QV_U9K2NZ9e5TrQH_tsXE2z6tv3slj1wBW2PZeReeS6DW_-2R5JMJh4HHc7nhM3fc42QwuxYCrtTwCIg39Y7WqPW3kwhgmeqbvu/s1600/JackHills_Valley_zircon.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicluQkqp9-vEK8T148mQrmvN5ZgImjdMB0w-Vu5yq_4QV_U9K2NZ9e5TrQH_tsXE2z6tv3slj1wBW2PZeReeS6DW_-2R5JMJh4HHc7nhM3fc42QwuxYCrtTwCIg39Y7WqPW3kwhgmeqbvu/s1600/JackHills_Valley_zircon.jpg" height="277" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Fragment of a 4.4 billion year-old zircon grain (about 0.5 mm in length). Credit: John Valley</td></tr>
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Valley and his team used a radiometric dating technique to find the age of this rare mineral fragment. Although zircon is composed almost entirely of the three elements zirconium, silicon, and oxygen, other elements can be incorporated into its mineral structure in very small (trace) amounts as it grows. In particular, they measured the numbers of uranium and lead atoms in the sample. Certain <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotope" target="_blank">isotopes</a> of uranium decay at fixed rates to form isotopes of lead. If a specific sample has remained a 'closed system', the number of these measured uranium and lead isotopes can be used as a chronometer to tell us the age of the sample.<br />
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This zircon fragment dates to the Hadean eon<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt;">—</span>Earth's earliest geologic period<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16.363636016845703px;">—</span>that was characterized by hot and violent conditions. The grain, along with other slightly younger zircons, is evidence that a solid crust formed soon (geologically speaking) after Earth's formation (about 4.6 billion years ago) and the giant impact event that likely formed the Moon and created an Earth-wide expanse of molten material, known popularly as a 'magma ocean'.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHjKCuAj4mwKXXoakI4V832qsby6PgPgS9W8Uq8EVzrwzJQXQHzAAfexoo9AgMYCWSY-Ywl-jpByR0DF_XJrWUguvy8eCZVcxOuUfA_eaWBdyIYaHK0HwE9Vrgn6gvEbvW0eQPXHWMyDbo/s1600/hadean.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHjKCuAj4mwKXXoakI4V832qsby6PgPgS9W8Uq8EVzrwzJQXQHzAAfexoo9AgMYCWSY-Ywl-jpByR0DF_XJrWUguvy8eCZVcxOuUfA_eaWBdyIYaHK0HwE9Vrgn6gvEbvW0eQPXHWMyDbo/s1600/hadean.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">View on Earth during the Hadean eon? Credit: Mark Garlick - Space Art</td></tr>
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The majority of Earth's surface may not be as old as what we see on some of our solar system neighbors, but these little zircon pieces from Australia are about as old as we are going to find. If they have survived this long, I think that they should definitely make the celestial trip to meet our alien planetary geologists. Perhaps our hypothetical friends are somewhere 4.4 billion light-years away and can even observe the Hadean Earth firsthand.</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17018373259426682282noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3377534331778141029.post-1336742140187593382014-02-19T09:32:00.001-05:002014-06-15T07:41:04.421-04:00Please, sno' more<div style="text-align: justify;">
I'm sure I'm not alone as I happily anticipate the first stirrings of spring here on the US east coast. I'm not a fan of winter. Or snow. Sure, it looks pretty for a while, but then it just gets in the way of every day life. I'm more than ready for this week's thaw.</div>
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I was contemplating all this as I sat on the bus yesterday morning, watching the piles of dirty DC snow on the sidewalks rush past me. I realised how thankful I am that we live on an Earth that is not covered with snow <b>ALL</b> the time. But then I remembered, our world hasn't always necessarily been like this.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqHVMcI65yWbZwLbDtvVEWRREwtKreM4T7Gk7SKsDf3yPN84glw9P4fvDTMEjQmUrui5EBSJj5-F-tHsILjWhF8l8IMfb6AdJmZep6vITmRaEJf2LpTlR9wXffM3IhleBwgJanGYdtq-Yn/s1600/DCsnow.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqHVMcI65yWbZwLbDtvVEWRREwtKreM4T7Gk7SKsDf3yPN84glw9P4fvDTMEjQmUrui5EBSJj5-F-tHsILjWhF8l8IMfb6AdJmZep6vITmRaEJf2LpTlR9wXffM3IhleBwgJanGYdtq-Yn/s1600/DCsnow.jpg" height="263" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The grey, gloomy, and snow-covered National Mall; slippery conditions prevail.</td></tr>
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If we were to go back 650 million years, and then some, we would probably find an Earth with a very different climate. Geologists have long thought that this ancient period was one of a 'snowball Earth', when the surface was entirely (or almost) frozen.<br />
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The term for this hypothesis was first coined by Caltech scientist Joseph Kirschvink in 1992, but the idea of a global glaciation had previously been proposed to explain, for instance, glacial rock deposits in places such as Greenland. These rocks, known as <i>tillite</i>, are formed when glacial till<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">—</span>basically the unsorted crud that glaciers pick up, drag along, and then deposit as they melt<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">—</span>becomes lithified. Finding this kind of material in chilly places like Greenland shouldn't really be much of a surprise. But the rocks in question are old. Very old. And the process of continental drift means that Greenland's current position in Earth's northern latitudes was not its location when these rocks formed.<br />
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By studying the magnetism of certain minerals, which capture the direction of the surrounding magnetic field as they form, 'paleomagicians' are able to reconstruct the position of ancient continents around the globe. Such <i>paleomagnetic</i> studies on the tillites from Greenland show that they formed at tropical latitudes, where the Earth receives more (because of Earth's tilt on its axis) of the Sun's warming radiation<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">—</span>hardly where you might expect glaciers to exist.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzYb2T5j6gHnRtHxWEFG-BcrmwvuKKMnb71AR4Y52gxDzGW546a1TmXYieouXAwfhH1dXuq7JN-HzB2MK88DTMHVFrxEYjeOma0wuOMBHXk3G1-VfCn_tpjOVqINciCzpBsbilC622RnhG/s1600/tillite.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzYb2T5j6gHnRtHxWEFG-BcrmwvuKKMnb71AR4Y52gxDzGW546a1TmXYieouXAwfhH1dXuq7JN-HzB2MK88DTMHVFrxEYjeOma0wuOMBHXk3G1-VfCn_tpjOVqINciCzpBsbilC622RnhG/s1600/tillite.jpg" height="205" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Tillite deposit in East Greenland. Credit: M. Hambrey</td></tr>
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And there are plenty of other distinctive rock types (e.g., <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banded_iron_formations" target="_blank">banded iron formations</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cap_carbonate" target="_blank">cap carbonate</a> rocks) that date from this same era, which appear to be evidence of a global glaciation. But how could this state of Earth-wide freezing have occurred?<br />
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Climate models show that if sea ice advanced far enough towards the equator then a positive feedback system would have been established. The bright albedo (reflectance) of sea ice versus seawater means that more radiation is reflected away from the water in its solid form. So if the area of Earth's surface that was covered by ice increased, more light would have been reflected away and the Earth would have cooled. This would have led to more ice formation and more reflection and more cooling... You get the idea.</div>
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<tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6Dp1e8f31G4yZD29Z8ASfERSCsq7znXzUNdp0ntmkP0Sry-AZNJFBgtzxud6sL0Lcxl-9DYvS4oWOMfZz0As9qS5N9WzaRYCLCZ8LPBMInTcTetMV_X-JMUYdxnbX45NdCrCsAg1ecd7C/s1600/snowball_earth_fullerton.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6Dp1e8f31G4yZD29Z8ASfERSCsq7znXzUNdp0ntmkP0Sry-AZNJFBgtzxud6sL0Lcxl-9DYvS4oWOMfZz0As9qS5N9WzaRYCLCZ8LPBMInTcTetMV_X-JMUYdxnbX45NdCrCsAg1ecd7C/s1600/snowball_earth_fullerton.jpg" height="320" width="311" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 13px;">How Earth may have looked during a 'snowball Earth' episode.<br />
Credit: geology.fullerton.edu</td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">So if the snowball Earth really did exist, how did the planet get itself into such a state in the first place and how did it manage to escape?</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">To start the ice formation, obviously there had to have been some kind of large-scale initial cooling event. Options include: a <i>supervolcano</i> eruption that may have thickened the atmosphere and reduced the amount of radiation received from the Sun, or perturbations in the Earth's orbital dynamics (which follow the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milankovitch_cycles" target="_blank">Milankovitch cycles</a>) that brought the planet into a particularly cold configuration.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">And greenhouse gases—namely carbon dioxide and methane—were probably the route for escape from Earth's frozen hell. In much the same way that the build-up of these molecules in today's atmosphere is to blame for global warming, the steady increase of their concentration in our ancient atmosphere could have allowed the huge accumulations of ice to thaw and melt. It has been estimated that about 350 times the concentration of carbon dioxide in today's atmosphere were needed to achieve such a feat. And it seems that volcanic eruptions, occurring over tens of millions of years, could have emitted these gases in the required quantities to melt ice in the tropics. This would have initiated an opposite feedback loop and would bring sea ice levels down to the more modest quantities of more modern times.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">Although the snowball Earth hypothesis is still disputed, the fact that it immediately precedes the large-scale development of multi-cellular life—popularly known as the Cambrian explosion—is an intriguing fact. I think, therefore, at least one of the rock samples that serve as evidence for this hypothesis warrants being sent into space for another planetary geologist to recover. They are testament to the winter of our Earth's discontent and the conditions that had likely stifled the blossoming of life.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfKgaZuW2Lpgke0uTz_Z3DukVUeqfTvY5OdjIv5yWenWewOgY2sP1giIWIijwBJ8yi9XSNgvVTxmlnxRGGqleDfmp_sdGhXqjsZtS5hccRnJt7S1UBuxvrmas_tUXxsJAz-ttbk2Tp4prM/s1600/IMG1396.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfKgaZuW2Lpgke0uTz_Z3DukVUeqfTvY5OdjIv5yWenWewOgY2sP1giIWIijwBJ8yi9XSNgvVTxmlnxRGGqleDfmp_sdGhXqjsZtS5hccRnJt7S1UBuxvrmas_tUXxsJAz-ttbk2Tp4prM/s1600/IMG1396.jpg" height="400" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Bring on the spring. I eagerly await the sight of Washington DC in full blossom again.</td></tr>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17018373259426682282noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3377534331778141029.post-76602507107746077162014-02-07T14:07:00.001-05:002014-02-12T20:44:57.918-05:00What's up Sun?<div style="text-align: justify;">
For this postcard from planet Earth I've decided to cheat a bit on my own rules and pick a rock that isn't necessarily <i>of</i> the Earth, even if it is <i>on</i> the Earth. Mainly because I wanted to write about something close to my heart.<br />
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Let me explain.</div>
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I recently read this article in <a href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/solar-wind-creates-water-in-star-dust/" target="_blank">Scientific American</a>. The research it highlights describes how interactions between solar wind and interplanetary dust particles can produce water. This got me thinking about how the Sun is a vital piece in creating our habitable little part of the solar system / galaxy / universe. (It also links nicely to my <a href="http://intrepidpostcards.blogspot.com/2014/01/wake-up-and-taste-water.html" target="_blank">previous postcard</a>, where I discuss how water might originally have been brought to Earth.)</div>
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The solar wind is a stream of charged particles (mostly electrons and protons) released from the Sun's upper atmosphere. This stream can vary, over time and from location to location around the Sun, in its density, temperature, and speed.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5hzajEssb1aDBAmyMpRvCwwIOLbcOngIPGwYX8jjnkSc1ZxQrUIgD5n3GeJwP0m4g8vXBb-0jVBiA36CPjj9e0_PHrFghyphenhyphenPTgC_-k9JXnZi19DQgQD6ZZVsx1IoNG_lajLvK1F6kTyAuU/s1600/solarflare.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5hzajEssb1aDBAmyMpRvCwwIOLbcOngIPGwYX8jjnkSc1ZxQrUIgD5n3GeJwP0m4g8vXBb-0jVBiA36CPjj9e0_PHrFghyphenhyphenPTgC_-k9JXnZi19DQgQD6ZZVsx1IoNG_lajLvK1F6kTyAuU/s1600/solarflare.jpg" height="320" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">During solar flares, strong blasts of solar wind are fired through the solar system.<br />
Credit: NASA</td></tr>
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Now, even though I am a geologist and I spend most of my working hours thinking about rocks on planets other than our own, I also spend a fair bit of time thinking about the Sun. And worrying about the Sun.</div>
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You see, as a PhD student I waited (not necessarily patiently) for sunspots to erupt on the Sun's surface and for solar flares to fire X-rays through the solar system, towards the Moon's surface where an orbiting spectrometer onboard India's <a href="http://www.isro.org/chandrayaan/htmls/cixs_esa.htm" target="_blank">Chandrayaan-1</a> lunar satellite would detect the resulting X-ray fluorescence and provide me with some much needed data to analyze for my thesis research. Unluckily for me, I was doing my PhD when the mission was active, during the deepest solar minimum in over a century (solar cycles <i>normally</i> last about 11 years and most solar flares occur during the peaks of activity). Needless to say, my desired events were few and far between. Indeed that solar minimum lasted much longer than had been anticipated and the current cycle was almost a full year 'overdue' by the time it started.</div>
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Nowadays I still keep a watchful eye on the Sun's activity. Mostly because I work on the analysis of similar X-ray fluorescence data from NASA's <a href="http://messenger.jhuapl.edu/" target="_blank">MESSENGER</a> mission that is currently orbiting Mercury. And it seems that predictions for the length and strength of the cycle change from week to week. For instance, this recent <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/01/24/solar-lull-little-ice-age-sun-scientists_n_4645248.html" target="_blank">article</a> discusses whether the Sun might be headed into another 'Maunder Minimum'. This was an approximately 70-year period (1645<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt;">–</span>1715) when the Sun was almost completely devoid of sunspots. The Maunder Minimum coincided with the middle of the Little Ice Age, during which there was a series of particularly frigid northern hemisphere winters.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4gI9k5Lqhsm6D8Z8jLDvUm0-8KXEuAM5KksZ0wY8kmx5_fkT5LgIYhDa8wjjeDIfW78A6n7O2ZAlOTbjFuPNlczysFIetKmTEBxtS-w7YNybelBt_jtIb_0yz1ugH5etgiZEd0Lz_XIE-/s1600/MESSENGER_XRS.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4gI9k5Lqhsm6D8Z8jLDvUm0-8KXEuAM5KksZ0wY8kmx5_fkT5LgIYhDa8wjjeDIfW78A6n7O2ZAlOTbjFuPNlczysFIetKmTEBxtS-w7YNybelBt_jtIb_0yz1ugH5etgiZEd0Lz_XIE-/s1600/MESSENGER_XRS.jpg" height="225" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Schematic illustration of MESSENGER's X-Ray Spectrometer in operation around Mercury. Credit: NASA / The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory / Carnegie Institution of Washington</td></tr>
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The beautiful northern and southern lights, or the aurorae borealis and australis, occur when the energetic charged particles of the solar wind are directed by the Earth's magnetic field into the atmosphere at high latitudes, where they undergo collisions with atmospheric atoms. But besides acting as a long-term forecast tool for keen aurora hunters, much of today's solar physics research is focused on aspects of the Sun's activity that affect our lives here on Earth.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPBMN9P5fsKZrEC9OFEEeG2AU8CdKqBPUwxQ2ocaqTxcLVyXSQeAGk01rupTB6DjGDqXcrGbpJYYcT8EPILcb4OaHuObmj3T83ktfKBqmERiIAsXCocKi1Z2hQ2owCgcVVn46nqyRoq-ZA/s1600/northernlights.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPBMN9P5fsKZrEC9OFEEeG2AU8CdKqBPUwxQ2ocaqTxcLVyXSQeAGk01rupTB6DjGDqXcrGbpJYYcT8EPILcb4OaHuObmj3T83ktfKBqmERiIAsXCocKi1Z2hQ2owCgcVVn46nqyRoq-ZA/s1600/northernlights.jpg" height="400" width="265" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The magical northern lights. Credit: Bjorn Jorgensen / National News & Pictures</td></tr>
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For example, coronal mass ejections (CMEs) occur most frequently during the peak periods of a solar cycle, and induce geomagnetic storms. Threats to Earth-orbiting telecommunication satellites in high, geosynchronous orbits are posed during these storms. The high currents that are discharged to the satellites can damage their components. Additionally, geomagnetic storms have been known to cause the temporary loss of electrical power over large regions, such the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_1989_geomagnetic_storm" target="_blank">1989 Quebec event</a>. Understanding when and why CMEs occur can help plan for, and mitigate the effects of, geomagnetic storms on our telecommunication and electricity networks.</div>
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And some <a href="http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/v4/n11/full/ngeo1282.html" target="_blank">research</a> has shown that the variable output of ultraviolet radiation through the course of a solar cycle can be tied to terrestrial climate changes. Climate scientists are now trying to make reliable climate predictions on decadal timescales, therefore sound solar predictions are important inputs for their models.</div>
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So with all this research in solar physics, why are predictions for the Sun's activity so seemingly unreliable? Physicists have observations from a host of solar satellites at their disposal, yet they seem to still be in the metaphorical dark. Perhaps this complex problem will just a little bit longer to unravel, or maybe the timescales of study are too short?</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br />
And that's where my rule-bending rock postcard comes in.<br />
<br />
I wonder if we can use material that the Apollo astronauts brought back from the Moon to increase the length of time over which we can study the Sun and its solar wind output. Back in 1970, <a href="http://www.sciencemag.org/search?journalcode=sci&journalcode=sigtrans&journalcode=scitransmed&volume=167&firstpage=558&submit=yes&submit.x=0&submit.y=0&submit=Search&doi=&submit=yes&fulltext=&andorexactfulltext=and&titleabstract=&andorexacttitleabs=and&title=&andorexacttitle=and&author1=&author2=&fmonth=&fyear=&tmonth=&tyear=&hits=10&sortspec=relevance&submit=yes&resourcetype=HWCIT%7CHWELTR&tocsectionid=all&submit=yes" target="_blank">scientists made measurements</a> of noble gases (such as helium and argon) that were trapped inside tiny pieces of the lunar soil. And it is thought that those noble gases were implanted into the soil as the solar wind bombarded the Moon's ancient surface. So by studying these trapped pieces of the solar wind we can learn more about how the Sun has changed through time. If we had enough samples from <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019103509004837" target="_blank">discrete layers</a> in the lunar surface we could even build up a record of this solar wind material that might help place the Sun's modern activity into a larger context and give the solar physicists a helping hand.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBgveZwFwdEujoer-nnVt6ZKriGKvP_gLIb0EhhPjembENjAw3PMREOhqtyuRaDpGEEojUmvKBtSrierVF_weaxNZSNgFkHKCLV_XvU8aWW6nw3qt-UHAttn3F3U8q8wjwWuit1-Et5mPY/s1600/10084_fines.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBgveZwFwdEujoer-nnVt6ZKriGKvP_gLIb0EhhPjembENjAw3PMREOhqtyuRaDpGEEojUmvKBtSrierVF_weaxNZSNgFkHKCLV_XvU8aWW6nw3qt-UHAttn3F3U8q8wjwWuit1-Et5mPY/s1600/10084_fines.jpg" height="254" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Color photograph of Apollo 11 lunar soil sample 10084. These grains are between 9000 and 10,000 mm. Credit: NASA / Johnson Space Center</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
We might still be learning and then re-learning things about our Sun, but I think it is important that we send one of these tiny Moon pebbles, complete with its trapped solar cargo, to our alien planetary geologist friends. They should know it is the Sun king who rules over us and our whole solar system. Maybe they could even help us decipher its mysteries.</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17018373259426682282noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3377534331778141029.post-85185050366013369432014-01-26T22:00:00.000-05:002014-11-16T07:09:50.614-05:00Wake up and taste the water<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit;">Comets
have made the news a number of times in recent months. These interplanetary
travellers, which were once thought to herald doom, are now known to be
among the most primitive objects in the solar system. And of course, comets periodically make visits
from the far reaches of the solar system (regions known as the<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>Oort
Cloud</i><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>and the<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>Kuiper
belt</i>) to our more local neighbourhood.</span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit;">Back
in December, Comet ISON</span><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit;">—</span><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit;">the '<a href="http://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2013/18jan_cometison/">comet
of the century</a>'</span><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit;">—</span><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit;">made a
much-watched and disappointing suicide plunge into the Sun. And just this week,
the European Space Agency successfully '<a href="http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Rosetta/Wake_up_Rosetta">woke
up</a>' its Rosetta spacecraft from its two-and-a-half-year hibernation.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Currently
more than 400 million miles away from home, Rosetta is journeying towards the
comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Once it arrives, it will first orbit, and then
land on the comet's surface. Together, the orbiter and lander portions of the
spacecraft are equipped with over 20 scientific instruments that will make
important characterizations of the comet. Scientists working on the mission
hope to find out if comets such as this, which contain complex organic
molecules, may have played a role in seeding life on Earth.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBgm5VHBGP9eXyxfa0gytWB9WBVFJdgr6lP9n6Yw94UYAQbE7lAHeNiwhZHCy3HIe4QatfyK3nzLo0aYDpgbis_3ScVDVyzaOjWre56SDcBWJneR-m1Jd9HLUyjVgwq9RDuuPLUBeJL1jD/s1600/2D9963537-131212-rosettaphoto-hmed-0230p-files.blocks_desktop_medium.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBgm5VHBGP9eXyxfa0gytWB9WBVFJdgr6lP9n6Yw94UYAQbE7lAHeNiwhZHCy3HIe4QatfyK3nzLo0aYDpgbis_3ScVDVyzaOjWre56SDcBWJneR-m1Jd9HLUyjVgwq9RDuuPLUBeJL1jD/s1600/2D9963537-131212-rosettaphoto-hmed-0230p-files.blocks_desktop_medium.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Artist's impression of the European Space Agency's Rosetta spacecraft orbiting the comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Credit: ESA, C.Carreau / ATG medialab</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
There has also been a long-lived debate over whether or not comets contributed significantly to the delivery, early in its history, of Earth's vast water inventory.<br />
<br />
Because water is such a vital ingredient for the sustenance of life here on Earth, we target our search for extraterrestrial life on places where water exists. Water therefore seems like a pretty obvious choice for an Earth-material to send as one of our interplanetary postcards. But how might an alien scientist be able to tell our Earth-water apart from any other <span style="font-family: inherit;">f</span><span style="font-family: inherit;">oreign </span><span style="font-family: inherit;">H</span><sub style="font-family: inherit;">2</sub><span style="font-family: inherit;">O? We all know that water can vary drastically in its colour, salinity, taste, etc. So is there a characteristic signature of our water that portrays its Earthly provenance?</span></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgw0MmYIFepvhHrcen5mM4Q2TQ5gKQw1rqdscvcBhaY2w8d3GCzAUqxt9IEgcZwwrBLJ8sBMMBfXuke3Rnh3TVD-NpsnRWcl5eGy-Lwh8wIoE4_gZgxdaiWw3VJeD2SBfz2ZD2zxfg81sIu/s1600/Earth-waterworld.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgw0MmYIFepvhHrcen5mM4Q2TQ5gKQw1rqdscvcBhaY2w8d3GCzAUqxt9IEgcZwwrBLJ8sBMMBfXuke3Rnh3TVD-NpsnRWcl5eGy-Lwh8wIoE4_gZgxdaiWw3VJeD2SBfz2ZD2zxfg81sIu/s1600/Earth-waterworld.jpg" height="320" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Earth: A water world. Credit: NASA</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Lucky for us, chemistry has an answer. Hydrogen (H), like all elements is defined by the number of protons it contains. 'Normal' hydrogen contains just one proton in its nucleus. However, it is possible for a stable hydrogen atom to contain one or two neutrons in addition to the lone proton. The hydrogen <i>isotope</i> that has one proton and one neutron is known as deuterium (D). <i>Heavy water</i> is enriched in molecules that contain deuterium in place of the normal hydrogen.<br />
<br />
Planetary scientists have shown that D/H ratios in water vary throughout the solar system. Measurements for a number of Oort Cloud comets reveal that they have D/H ratios which are more than twice the value for Earth's oceans, and are thus unlikely to have been the source of water on our planet.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4E7vA4Z8VBcN6zr7PxfRbHkcNpuwLb7IFQZpJGQCOCQbNr2mTWV08UztJel84OPlxUVF2iypf0zhi8ZN9sP77dfKOG5OBfIZo2DzLH_Wq_y7unqfwoUxn2lvAq9LFDmmhUKxowUG6ZBR9/s1600/d-h_rangesolarsystem_new.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4E7vA4Z8VBcN6zr7PxfRbHkcNpuwLb7IFQZpJGQCOCQbNr2mTWV08UztJel84OPlxUVF2iypf0zhi8ZN9sP77dfKOG5OBfIZo2DzLH_Wq_y7unqfwoUxn2lvAq9LFDmmhUKxowUG6ZBR9/s1600/d-h_rangesolarsystem_new.png" height="225" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Range of deuterium/hydrogen (D/H) ratios in solar system objects.<br />
Credit: A. E. Saal et al. 2013, <i>Science</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<a href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v478/n7368/full/nature10519.html" target="_blank">Paul Hartogh</a> and colleagues, however, showed in 2011 that a Jupiter-family comet (103P / Hartley 2), which probably originated from the Kuiper belt, has a D/H ratio that is much more consistent with that of Earth. This means that at least some of Earth's water may have been delivered by comets. Although in more recent work, <a href="http://www.sciencemag.org/content/337/6095/721.full?sid=aa2da622-520a-4813-b0b5-30bdc95f33bf" target="_blank">Conel Alexander</a> <i>et al.</i> argue that CI chondrites (the class of meteorite whose composition most closely resembles that of the Sun) were the principal source of terrestrial water.<br />
<br />
And so the great water debate continues. But no matter how, and from where, the water got here; get here it did. And we wouldn't be alive without it.</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17018373259426682282noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3377534331778141029.post-42236682033787124942014-01-15T12:25:00.000-05:002014-01-15T12:25:47.823-05:00The Earth giveth and the Earth taketh away<div style="text-align: justify;">
We all know the story of the great big asteroid impact that brought about the demise of the dinosaurs (and this geological event is so popularly known that I'm sure it will feature as the subject of a future postcard). However, the dinosaur-ending mass extinction pales in comparison to one particular event that occurred about 250 million years ago.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
This event marks the boundary between the Permian and Triassic geologic periods. The Permian was a time when the Earth contained a single supercontinent<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16.363636016845703px;">—</span>Pangaea<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16.363636016845703px;">—</span>vast areas of which were covered by arid deserts. But in a relatively abrupt period a large proportion of life on Earth was lost. In all, over 90% of marine species and 70% of terrestrial vertebrates became extinct.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpb4XuEDSGALYqTpWNt-3irPHyGk43kYcbWoJPOuQdbQWtvkp6Y13mmgSZrSZAx0eKqpGZc_gOjfYMCiYiCwlXBmS8enNgvmOhWNZ9tvrkrrpGib8aweUTRIQpM2EG6XZCjuvo6tpmJQGY/s1600/pangaea.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpb4XuEDSGALYqTpWNt-3irPHyGk43kYcbWoJPOuQdbQWtvkp6Y13mmgSZrSZAx0eKqpGZc_gOjfYMCiYiCwlXBmS8enNgvmOhWNZ9tvrkrrpGib8aweUTRIQpM2EG6XZCjuvo6tpmJQGY/s400/pangaea.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.727272033691406px;">The Pangaea supercontinent existed during the Permian and Triassic periods.<br />
Credit: Mikkel Juul Jensen / Bonnier Publications / SPL</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Until recently, however, the cause of this 'Great Dying' has remained unclear. But new work, presented at the American Geophysical Union's December 2013 <a href="http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2013/" target="_blank">Fall Meeting</a> in San Francisco, provides us with a smoking gun.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br />
Accurate measurements, conducted by geologists Seth Burgess and Samuel Browning at MIT, on rocks from Meishan in the Zhejiang Province of China give a new and precise age for the actual Permian<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt;">–</span>Triassic boundary that marks this extinction. They show that the extinction began 251.941 million years ago and lasted until 251.880 million years ago, <i>i.e.</i>, lasting for 61,000 years.<br />
<br />
That time frame shortly follows the first eruptions of vast volcanic flows in Siberia 252.28 million years ago. These <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siberian_Traps" target="_blank">Siberian Traps</a> cover an area of about 2 million km<sup>2 </sup>(about the size of western Europe) and represent one of the largest eruptive events in Earth's history.<br />
<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjSLTUSSx81wBJdn5CIpq9XlIYh8i6q-bA3X0o_4TFH8-oA-kBjiK8qU9EO2KNNSfO6_PuAzKh0U2RvEqs34BJjaG_VU16QknGA6aMyNlHhkqRlU-YfCZP6ELbTsbS6j2ycRi5Gjq5Ih6F/s1600/Siberiantraps.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjSLTUSSx81wBJdn5CIpq9XlIYh8i6q-bA3X0o_4TFH8-oA-kBjiK8qU9EO2KNNSfO6_PuAzKh0U2RvEqs34BJjaG_VU16QknGA6aMyNlHhkqRlU-YfCZP6ELbTsbS6j2ycRi5Gjq5Ih6F/s400/Siberiantraps.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Part of the vast Siberian Traps. Credit: Jon Ranson</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
For decades scientists have questioned whether these two great, and closely spaced, markers in Earth's life could be linked and if the volcanic eruptions may have somehow caused the extinction. With the new age dating it is possible to at least show that the volcanism temporally preceded the mass extinction. It is up to other scientists to work out what mechanism(s) link the two and could have caused so much destruction.<br />
<br />
One recently proposed <a href="http://geology.gsapubs.org/content/early/2013/11/21/G34875.1.abstract" target="_blank">scenario</a> sees huge amounts of sulfur dioxide from the volcanic eruptions being injected into the atmosphere. Acid rain, with the pH of lemon juice, would have then rained down on the northern hemisphere to wreak havoc on its vegetation and for the animals reliant upon it. Other materials, originating from the coal deposits through which the Siberian Traps were erupted, are likely to have been forced into the atmosphere. A resulting <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009254113002283" target="_blank">toxic metal-bearing layer of ash </a>is thought to have blanketed the northern hemisphere and played a large part in the extinction event.<br />
<br />
Although our Earth provides us with the conditions and materials to sustain life, it can also turn on its geological nastiness from time to time and try its hardest to kill us. I'd send some of these informative rocks from southern China and Siberia into space for one of our alien planetary geologists to find. So they know just how Mother Earth likes to do her 'loving'.</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17018373259426682282noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3377534331778141029.post-14909345614386924882014-01-02T21:34:00.002-05:002014-01-15T10:57:26.253-05:00Tardi and hardy space travellersRecently, this BBC headline caught my eye:<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-25201572" target="_blank">Dinosaur asteroid 'sent life to Mars'</a></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The piece focuses on an <i>Astrobiology</i> research article by <a href="http://online.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/ast.2013.1028" target="_blank">Worth et al</a>. In the paper the authors consider the likelihood that rocks ejected from Earth (or Mars) during large meteor impacts launched life-bearing materials into space. It is possible, they claim, that such rocks could reach other planets or moons in the solar system, where the life could resettle and colonize. This concept<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">—</span>known as <i>lithopanspermia</i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">—</span>isn't new, but their statistical approach to the problem is.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Back in 1996 a meteorite found in Antarctica, but which originated from Mars, known as Allan Hills 84001 (ALH 84001) hit the news. NASA scientists claimed that this rock contained evidence of life once having existed on Mars.</div>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-pYtTmxJh-7ZF2bz1V9khT_vS__W4AmWPohkYuGJjT-hbCA9LxSLy9o4E_XCpB5qG_S6hG_HZW4LlUKCNuEkWd32vmtyR3n593pWbNTCG-guAgI0ZH7gDOV18kGZmYHQuvkR2yWf1ffsx/s1600/ALH84001.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="220" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-pYtTmxJh-7ZF2bz1V9khT_vS__W4AmWPohkYuGJjT-hbCA9LxSLy9o4E_XCpB5qG_S6hG_HZW4LlUKCNuEkWd32vmtyR3n593pWbNTCG-guAgI0ZH7gDOV18kGZmYHQuvkR2yWf1ffsx/s320/ALH84001.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Electron microscope image of 'fossilized microbes' in the Allan Hills 84001 meteorite. Credit: NASA</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Obviously this controversial subject has been disputed ever since and it has been shown that all the rock's 'biosignatures' can be produced inorganically, <i>i.e.</i>, without the need to invoke life.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Whether or not this particular meteorite contains ancient martian lifeforms, it prompts an interesting question that links back to the subject of lithopanspermia. Is it possible for life from Earth to be exported? If we were to pick an organism to undertake this journey, what would it be? And what rock would we encase this organism in, to try and ensure its survival?</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
I've never been a big fan of bugs, in fact I'm pretty terrified of anything with more than four legs. However, I recently became aware that a group of organisms known as tardigrades exist. And even I have to admit that these little monsters are cool.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGEFMz9EhOqv-1Cpsj0bw64CPIGkkd4qVWXFfWmSWgONHuCqiGE6SgsvXF2u_ANvzCdtM9cMHj1vZCt8Qy9yHVW3W3pyJHX8gCF8WHs3wCnHMKlrmdVXb2fw-mpNquIpMDwbffOAHB5tRP/s1600/tardigrade.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="277" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGEFMz9EhOqv-1Cpsj0bw64CPIGkkd4qVWXFfWmSWgONHuCqiGE6SgsvXF2u_ANvzCdtM9cMHj1vZCt8Qy9yHVW3W3pyJHX8gCF8WHs3wCnHMKlrmdVXb2fw-mpNquIpMDwbffOAHB5tRP/s320/tardigrade.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">A tardigrade in moss. Credit: Eye of Science / Science Source Images</td></tr>
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Tardigrades are classified as <i>extremophiles</i>, organisms that can survive in some of Earth's most difficult conditions. But these guys take the term to the extreme<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 13.63636302947998px; text-align: justify;">—</span>they're pretty much indestructible. They can withstand temperatures that range from just above absolute zero to more than the boiling point of water, pressures greater than at the deepest ocean trenches, and the vacuum of space along with its harsh radiation conditions. So my vote goes to the tardigrades as the space-faring guinea pigs that get to be sent on a one-way (and potentially suicidal) mission to somewhere.</div>
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The encasement of rock around our tardigrades must also be chosen carefully. The material needs to be strong enough to survive two impacts: the large meteor event that expels the material into space, and the sample landing on the surface of its destination. Hardy <i>quartzite</i>, the metamorphic product of simple sandstone, would probably be a good option. Or perhaps a material similar to that of ALH 84001, <i>i.e.</i>, an igneous rock called <i>orthopyroxenite</i>, would meet the requirements.</div>
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I don't know if life on Earth originated through lithopanspermia, or if life exists elsewhere because of it, but I do quite like the idea of the hardy tardigrades ruling some distant planet.</div>
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